• Title/Summary/Keyword: Raw and Subsidiary Materials

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Microbiological Hazard Analysis for HACCP System Application to fermented milk (발효유류의 HACCP 시스템 적용을 위한 미생물학적 위해 분석)

  • Park, Seong-Bin;Kwon, Sang-Chul
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.438-444
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    • 2015
  • The aim of this research was to apply a HACCP system (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point) to fermented milk. The main ingredients of fermented milk, work facilities and workers were obtained from a company named YD, which is located in Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si between November 5 2013 to April 13, 2014. A manufacturing process chart was prepared by referring to the manufacturing process of fermented milk manufacturers in common. The manufacturing process chart was made with raw materials; Raw milk, High Fructose Corn Syrup, Oligosaccharides, Lactic Acid bacteria and Subsidiary ingredients, Warehousing of packaging materials, Storage, Input, Preheating, Mixing, Homogeneity, Sterilization, Precooling, Culture, Filtration, In packaging, Out packaging, Storage, and Consignment, as listed Table 1. The results of the microbiological hazard analysis on the raw materials was safe after sterilization($90^{\circ}C{\pm}5^{\circ}C$, $35{\pm}3min.$) On the other hand,a microorganism test of an environment and workers suggested that the microbiological hazard should be reduced through systematic cleaning and disinfection accompanied by improved personal hygiene based on hygienic education on workers and the management of microorganisms in air.

Study on the Development of Smart Charger Design for Strengthening Technology of Small and Medium Technology (중소기업 기술 강화를 위한 스마트 충전기 디자인개발에 관한 연구)

  • Yoon, Myung-Han
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.18 no.6
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    • pp.102-112
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    • 2018
  • This study, energy saving technology development is desperately needed and the energy efficiency through improved environmental impact by minimizing economic raw materials and subsidiary materials can lead to reductions in local Small Business at the heart of the new technology in the background, product design and development. That's about technology, strengthen and broaden the design patent right infringement of its competitors by gaining a global corporate foundation of development research. In order for companies to develop diagnostic analysis and key technology analysis and evaluation of progress on the scope of rights through the development of new technologies to diagnose and design rights and the extent and design rights infringement and design development since the company's growth analysis. Integration of the design development and the core technologies of the company will be the core of national industrial competitiveness of small businesses and by securing and creating the knowledge-based rights, fusion link that can grow into compatibility business is much more need in a difficult economy.

A Study on the Development of a Work Operation Process Chart for Smart Distribution Board Fabrication (스마트 분전반 제작을 위한 작업 공정도 개발에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Byung-Seol;Choi, Chung-Seog
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.32 no.3
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    • pp.15-20
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    • 2017
  • This study presented the strength of the materials and parts for smart distribution board fabrication, and developed a work operation process chart for smart distribution board fabrication. This work operation process chart for smart distribution board fabrication complied with SPS-KEMC regulations, and the applicable range and object are less than 1,000 V and 1,000 Hz for the AC distribution board and less than 1,500 V for the DC distribution board. The power supply is 3 phase 4 wires ($3{\Phi}$ 4W), divided into a single phase circuit and a 3 phase circuit. In addition, the circuit was configured so that the leakage current flowing through the distribution line of the load could be monitored in real time by using the sensor module installed at the rear end of the circuit breaker. Therefore, the administrator can easily find the risk factor of the load since engineer can check the leakage current of each distribution line. In addition, if a leakage current greater than standard value flows, it is possible to generate an alarm against a short circuit and cut off the leakage current. The work operation process chart for the smart distribution board fabrication consists of the following steps: raw and subsidiary materials, sheet metal work, tube making, welding, painting, busbar fabrication, assembly and wiring, product inspection, shipment, etc. Moreover, symbols, ${\Delta}$, ${\nabla}$, ${\bigcirc}$, ${\Rightarrow}$, etc. were used according to the type of work and work progress so that workers can easily understand the progress of the work.

A Study on the Integrated Business Function Design Standardization of the Meat Processed Food Industry ERP System (육가공식품산업 ERP시스템의 통합적인 업무 기능 설계 표준화 연구)

  • Yoon, Kyung-Bea;Kim, Young-Joon;Lee, Jae-Suk;Kim, Dong-Hyun
    • The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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    • v.19 no.5
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    • pp.205-210
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    • 2019
  • In this study, in order to promote informatization of Meat Processed Food Industry, we standardize three processes of sales management, purchaser logistics and production management, develop standard modules, and develop integrated business functional design in ERP system development. This study reduces the cost of introducing the production equipment information standardization module in the food industry and the specialized IT companies that are slow in informatization, and maximizes the effectiveness and provides reliability by being a database where research standardization can be compared and analyzed. By applying the results of this study, it is possible to establish efficient processes of sales, buyer logistics, production, improvement of quality, and reduction of production cost from the receipt of food raw materials / subsidiary materials to finished products.

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for Calculation of the Carbon Emission Amount of Organic Farming Material -With Emphasis on Hardwood Charcoal, Grass Liquid and Microbial Agents- (유기농자재의 탄소배출량 산정을 위한 전과정평가(LCA) -참숯, 목초액, 미생물제재를 중심으로-)

  • Yoon, Sung-Yee;Son, Bo-Hong
    • Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.297-311
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    • 2012
  • Since 1997, Korean Ministry of Knowledge Economy and Ministry of Environment have established data on some 400 basic raw and subsidiary materials and process like energy, petro-chemical, steel, cement, glass, paper, construction materials, transportation, recycling and disposal etc by initiating establishment of LCI database. Regarding agriculture, Rural Development Administration has conducted establishment of LCI database for major farm products like rice, barley, beans, cabbage and radish etc from 2009, and released that they would establish LCI database for 50 items until 2020 later on. The domestic LCI database for seeds, seedling, agrochemical, inorganic fertilizer and organic fertilizer etc is only at initial stage of establishment, so overseas LCI databases are brought and being used. However, since the domestic and overseas natural environments differ, they fall behind in reliability. Therefore, this study has the purpose to select organic farming materials, survey the production process for various types of organic farming materials and establish LCI database for the effects of greenhouse gas emitted during the process in order to select carbon basic units for agricultural production system compliant in domestic situation instead of relying on overseas data and apply life cycle assessment of greenhouse gas emitted by each crop during the process. As for selecting methods, in this study organic farming materials were selected in the method of direct observation of material and bottom-up method a survey method with focus on the organic farming materials admitted into rice production. For the basic unit of carbon emission amount by the production of 1kg of organic farming material, the software PASS 4.1.1 developed by Korea Accreditation Board under Ministry of Knowledge Economy was used. The study had the goal to ultimately provide basic unit to calculate carbon emission amount in executing many institutions like goal management system and carbon performance display system etc in agricultural sector to be conducted later on. As a result, emission basic units per 1kg of production were calculated to be 0.0088kg-$CO_2$ for charcoal, 0.1319kg-$CO_2$ for grass liquid, and 0.2804kg-$CO_2$ for microbial agent.

A Qualitative Study of Offshore Outsourcing by Korean Clothing Companies (국내 의류업체의 해외소싱에 대한 질적 연구)

  • Hong, Kyung-Hee;Kim, Young-Mi;Yang, Jin-Ok;Lee, Ji-Soo;Lee, Yoon-Jung
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.34 no.4
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    • pp.703-714
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    • 2010
  • This study assumes that Korea's offshore outsourcing is used for diverse purposes such as designing, the supply of raw and subsidiary materials, production, and manufacturing. The purpose for production exists in the beginning stages of development, because it would have grown in scope since the 1990s when offshore outsourcing began in earnest. In this study, in-depth interviews were conducted with 24 firms with an annual production capacity of more than 200,000 pieces among clothing brands for the domestic market, clothing exporters, and promotion agencies. The interviews took place from December 18, 2008 to January 30, 2009. The interviewees were limited to the officers who had the authority to select manufacturers and decide on production volumes. Responses from the in-depth interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed. The study results are summarized as follows: First, Korean clothing companies were found to rely on offshore outsourcing (China, North Korea, Vietnam, and Indonesia). Second, offshore outsourcing focused on the purposes for production; however, even fabrics were often outsourced in the case of production in China. Third, the interviewed firms mentioned cost savings, production cost reduction, and labor cost reduction most frequently as the main reasons for offshore outsourcing. Fourth, customs duties were considered most important in offshore outsourcing. Finally, when deciding on foreign manufacturers for offshore outsourcing, the surveyed clothing companies were found to: select manufacturers after market research in their outsourced countries, maintain existing contracts, or consider design capabilities and price quotations of candidate manufacturers.

A Method of River Environmental Impact Assessment using LCA (LCA를 적용한 하천환경영향평가 방법)

  • Kim, Sung-Joon;Jin, Ming-Ji;Jeon, Yong-Tae;Shin, Seon-Mi;Choe, Yong-Seung;Won, Chan-Hee
    • Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.93-104
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    • 2012
  • In this research LCA methodology was adapted and analyzed in quantifying estimation of estuarine environment. The analysed objects of estuarine environment were construction methods, facility, and input material into water, and estuarine ecosystem. In this research the function of LCA of estuarine environment was river with the view of controling water, utilizing water, and hydrophilic function. According to the result of research, environmental damage indicator of facility was decreased 346 Pt from 453 Pt at pre-maintenance to 107 pt at post-maintenance. Among raw and subsidiary materials, remicon, stone-netting bag, and pebbles were showing heavy environmental load in the order. Evironmental impact of input material into water system was analyzed from 1,827 Pt environmental load before construction to 1,080 Pt of post-maintenance, and damage indicator was improved at 747 Pt. Water quality was improved from 1,827 Pt (before construction) to 1,080 Pt(after construction), and ecosystem was improved after maintenance. Environmental indicator in ecosystem was analyzed 427 Pt(before construction) to 348 Pt(after construction), and damage indicator of Sumnjingang riverine system was improved as much as 79 Pt. In the conclusion, estuarine environmental monitoring through LCA in the area of facility, input material into water and ecosystem showed that close-to-nature stream was 1,172 Pt better than artificial stream in environmental aspects.

Changes in Protease and Formonitrogen of Salted Fish and Shellfish (1) (젓갈 성숙과정(成熟過程)에 있어 Protease 및 Formonitrogen의 변화(變化)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)(1))

  • Suh, Myung-Jah
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.45-56
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    • 1973
  • Salted fish and shellfish have been widely used in Korea from olden times as side-dishes, although the processes and methods of pickling have varied depending on localities. The common raw materials for these subsidiary food articles include anchovy, shrimp, yellow corvina, oysters, octopus, top-shell, shellfish, pollack roe and pollack intestines. It must be pointed out here, however, that the salted stuffs now marketed locally are highly unscientific and unsanitary in the way they are processed and sold, and this has prompted this writer to undertake a study on these native food articles. The following findings have been obtained from this study on the changes in Formonitrogen and Protease Activity, effected by the density of salt and the degree of storing temperature, of the pickles of cedfish gills, codfish intestines, pollack intestines, shellfish, oysters, cuttle fish and octopus. 1) Codfish Gills The Protease Activity of the pickled codfish gills was greater in the groups of lesser doses of salt and higher degrees of storing temperature. The same was true in the case of Formonifrogen, too. The Formonitrogen of the pickled codfish gills was larger in the groups of lesser salt and higher teimperature. 2) Codfish Intestines The amount of Formonitrogen of the pickled codfiah intestines became greater, as time went by, in the groups of lesser salt than those of larger doses of salt, with the speed of its formation getting faster as the storing temperature rose from $5^{\circ}C$ to $15^{\circ}C$ and $30^{\circ}C$. The Protease Activity was also greater in the groups of lesser salt and higher temperature. The group, stored at 10% salt and $30^{\circ}C$, rotted in five days. 3) Pollack Intestines The amount of Formonitrogen of the pickled pollack intestines was greater in the groups of lesser amount of salt and higher degrees of storing temperature. The Protease Activity of the pickled pollack intestines began decreasing from the 11th day after the pickling in the groups stored at colmparatively high degrees of temperature$(15^{\circ}C-30^{\circ}C)$, while that of the group stored at $5^{\circ}C$ kept rising. The effects of the amount of salt were little. The group stored at 15% salt and $30^{\circ}C$ started rotting on the 13th day while that stored at $30^{\circ}C$ decayed on the 7th day. The group stored at 20% salt and $30^{\circ}C$ rotted on the 9th day. 4) Oysters The amount of Formonitrogen of the pickled oysters became greater as the storing temperature rose and the doses of salt were lowered. The Protease Activity was not affected at any measurable degree by the density of salt in the group stored at $5^{\circ}C$, but became greater as the storing temperature rose to $15^{\circ}C$ and $30^{\circ}C$. The group stored at 10% salt and $30^{\circ}C$ rotted on the 5th day while that stored at 20% salt and $30^{\circ}C$ on the 13th day. 5) Shellfish The amount of Formonitrogen of the pickled shellfish became greater, as time went by, it the groups of lower consistency of salt than the groups of higher density of salt, although the decay of the former groups was faster than the latter groups. The density of salt best fitted for the pickling appeared to be about 20% with the storing temperature to be $15^{\circ}C$, at which the pickled stuff became most tasty on the 7th day. The oysters stored in three groups at $5^{\circ}C$, $15^{\circ}C$ and $30^{\circ}C$ respectively showed the greatest Protease Activity alike at 0% of salt, but the activity declined as the density of salt increased. The Protease Activity of each group rose for the first 11 days after the pickling, but began declining from the 13th day onward, with the groups of higher temperature retaining higher Protease Activity than the groups of lower temperature. 6) Cuttlefish Both the amount of Formonitrogen and the degree of Protease Activity of the pickled cuttlefish were greater in the groups of lower density of salt and higher degree of storing temperature. The oysters pickled at 10% salt and $15^{\circ}C$ degenerated on the 13th day while that of 10% salt and $30^{\circ}C$ deteriorated on the 7th day. 7) Octopus Both the Formonitrogen and the Protease Activity of the pickled octopus were greater in the groups of lower density of salt, but as time went by, the Protease Activity in all groups dwindled after a climbing. In general, the Formonitrogen and the Protease Activity of the pickled oysters became greater as the storing temperature got higher. One group stored at 10% salt and $15^{\circ}C$ rotted in 13days while another group stored at $30^{\circ}C$ decayed in 7 days.

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