• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.287-292
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• 2001

To investigate whether phospholipase $A_2$pathway is involved in histamine release of rat peritoneal mast cells, we measured histamine release in the presence of various enzyme inhibitors involved in eicosanoid pathway, such as phospholipase $A_2$, cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase. Phospholipase $A_2$inhibitors, manoalide and OPC, significantly inhibited histamine release induced by 100 $\mu$M ATP and 1$\mu$g/ml compound 48/80. Cyclooxygenase inhibitors, ibuprofen and indomethacin, significantly inhibited ATP-induced histamine release and lipoxygenase inhibitors, baicalein and caffeic acid, also significantly inhibited. To investigate the involvement of protein kinase in ATP- and compound 48/80-induced histamine release, we observed effects of protein kinase inhibitors on histamine release. Bisindolmaleimide (protein kinase C antagonist) dose-dependently inhibited both ATP and compound 48/80-induced histamine release. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (methyl 2,5-dihydroxy cinnamate and genistein) dose-dependently inhibited ATP and compound 48/80-induced histamine release. Protein kinase C and tyrosine kinase seem to be involved in histamine release induced by ATP and compound 48/80. These results suggest that phospholipase $A_2$pathway as well as protein kinase C and tyrosine kinase are involved in histamine release of rat peritoneal mast cells by ATP and compound 48/80.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.363-368
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• 2006

Twenty-four different natural food materials extracted with 80% methanol were used to investigate the inhibition of cell-mediated immediate type allergic reactions induced by compound 48/80 in rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMCs). Nine 80% methanol extracts screened at a concentration of $10\;{\mu}g/mL$ inhibited histamine release from RPMCs induced by compound 48/80. Of these, two materials (Ulmus parvifolia and Liriope platyphylla Wang et Tang) were extracted and fractionated into four different solvent types (chloroform, ethylacetate, butanol, and water), and the fractions with major anti-allergic effects were assessed. The chloroform fraction of U. parvifolia (UP) at $5\;{\mu}g/mL$ and the ethylacetate fraction of L. platyphylla Wang et Tang (LPWT) at $1\;{\mu}g/mL$ showed the greatest inhibition of histamine release induced by compound 48/80. The chloroform fraction of UP and the ethylacetate fraction of LPWT in combination showed a greater inhibition of histamine release than either fraction alone. The cAMP levels in RPMCs treated with UP and LPWT were significantly greater than in cells treated with compound 48/80 alone. Our studies suggest that extracts from UP and LPWT may alleviate immediate type hypersensitivity reactions through the increase of cAMP levels in the mast cells.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.111-116
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• 2002

This report describes an inhibitory effect of Tongku-tang(TKT) on mast cell-mediated immediate-type allergic reactions. TKT is an Oriental herbal prescription, which has been successfully applied for the treatment of allergic disorders, mainly skin anaphylactic diseases in eastern medicine. TKT has concentration-dependently inhibited the ear swelling response induced by intradermal injection of non-specific mast cell degranulator compound 48/80 in mice. TKT also inhibited mast cell-dependent passive cutaneous anaphylaxis activated by dinitrophenyl (DNP)-IgE antibody in rats. I studied the effect of TKT on the histamine and β-hexosaminase release from the rat peritoneal mast cells by compound 48/80. TKT did not inhibit significantly the histamine and β-hexosaminase release from the rat peritoneal mast cells by compound 48/80. However, TKT inhibited both TNF-α and IL-1β secretion induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and A23187 respectively. These results provide evidence that TKT may be beneficial in the treatment of immediate-type allergic reaction.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.93-100
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• 2013

Objectives : This study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-pruritic effects of WSY-1075 composited with Corni Fructus, Angelica gigantis Radix, Lycii Fructus, Ginseng Radix, Cervi parvum Cornu and Cinnamomi Cortex in rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMCs) and scratching mouse model. Methods : WSY-1075 was prepared by extracting with 30% ethanol. In the present study, we investigated the effect of WSY-1075 on the production of tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$), interleukin-$1{\beta}$ (IL-$1{\beta}$) and histamine in rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMCs) activated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) plus calcium ionophore A23187, and on the scratching behavior in mice treated with pruriogens. Results : WSY-1075 was not cytotoxic effect in used all concentration. PMA plus A23187 treatment significantly increased TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-$1{\beta}$ and IL-6 production compared with media control in RPMCs. However, TNF-${\alpha}$, $IL1{\beta}$ and IL-6 production increased by PMA plus A23187 treatment were significantly inhibited by WSY-1075 (200 ${\mu}g/mL$ and 400 ${\mu}g/mL$). WSY-1075 also inhibited the histamine release from RPMCs stimulated by compound 48/80, which promotes histamine release. Moreover, WSY-1075 administration had an inhibitory effects on the scratching behavior induced by pruritogen (compound 48/80, histamine, serotonin and substence P) in ICR mice. Conclusion : These results suggest that WSY-1075 administration (200 mg/kg or 400 mg/kg) has the anti-inflammatory and anti-pruritic effects on the activated rat peritoneal mast cell and mouse pruritus. WSY-1075 has a potential use as a composition of medicinal plants for treatment against inflammation- and pruritus-related disease.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.98-114
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• 1987

Degranulation of the rat peritoneal mast cell induced by intraperitoneal injection of horseradish peroxidase(HRP) was studied using light and electron microscopes. 1. Rat peritoneal mast cells in the Tyrode's buffered salt solution injected control group did not show any particular morphological changes following the specified time course. 2. Under the light microscope, the majority of mast cells observed 10 minutes after HRP injection were nearly the same as those of the control group. However, after 30 minutes, granule densities or staining properties of certain cells began to decrease and these appearances increased gradually until 12 hours after injection, at which time small groups of granules being stained pale-red or pink with toluidine blue were easily identified in the cytoplasm of many cells, and numerous extruded granuleg were scattered around these cells. 3. In the mast cells representing the early stage of degranulation induced by HRP, the electron densities of certain granules decreased as the size enlarged, and perigranular cavities were formed by perigranular membrane expansion. As a result, a thin cytoplasmic septum was formed between the expanded perigranular membrane and the cytoplasmic membrane in the cell periphery, and fusion of the adjacent perigranular membranes was observed in the inner side of the cell. 4. In some mast cells, one or two changes in the peripheral cytoplasmic septum could be seen. One was a focal rupture of the peripheral septum and the other was the formation of a saccule containing one or more vesicles. This saccule was thought to be used for granule-extrusion site and/or material absorptive apparatus judging from the morphological characteristics. 5. As the degranulation proceeded, the granule was extruded from the cell after partial rupture of the peripheral cytoplasmic septum. This phenomenon proceeded to-ward the inner side of the cell through the fused perigranular cavities, and consequently several distinct cavities containing a few unextruded membrane-free granules were formed throughout the cytoplasm after 12 hours. As a rule, the granule-extrusion sites were relatively fewer while the cytoplasmic cavities resulting from degranulation were more numerously observed. Thus, it was thought that the granule-extrusion sites tended to be restricted in the HRP-induced degranulation.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.69-76
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• 1969

The phagocytic petencies and birefringences of peritoneal mast cells of rats treated with particular dyes (neutral red, toluidine blue, pyronin, methylene blue, alcian blue, trypan blue, carmine, orange G, aniline blue, Janus green B, and India ink) were analyzed by means of phase contrast microscopy and polarizing microscopy. In addition, cytomorphic effects of the dyes on the peritoneal mast cells were also discussed. Phagocytic activities or ingestion of the dye particles were not observed in most cases, except for the India ink group. Hardly a macrophage appeared without some dark particles which were ingested or phagocytosed. Trypan blue and aniline blue produced very weak birefringence in the cytoplasm of mast cells but the rest did not produce even in the acid medium (neutral red and toluidine blue). The short and slender ectoplasmic processes of the mast cells and the leucocytes were also found in certain groups. The cytomorphic effects of the dyes on the mast cell were slight and variable.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.282-286
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• 2001

To investigate the different mechanism between ATP and compound 48/80 (C$_{48}$80/)-induced histamine release, we observed effects of calcium antagonists in histamine release of rat peritoneal mast cells. Verapamil and diltiazem (voltage-dependent calcium channel blocker) and TMB-8 (a blocker of intracellular calcium release) significantly inhibited ATP-induced histamine release, but did not inhibit $C_{48}$80/-induced histamine release. Econazole (a blocker of receptor-operated calcium channel) dose-dependently inhibited both ATP and $C_{48}$80/-induced histamine release, but inhibitory effect of econazole in ATP-induced histamine release was more potent than that in $C_{48}$80/-induced histamine. EGTA dose-dependently inhibited ATP and $C_{48}$80/-induced histamine release, but $C_{48}$80/-induced histamine release was slightly inhibited by high concentrations (>2 mM) of EGTA. These results suggest that ATP-induced histamine release is related to broth intracellular calcium release and extracellular calcium influx via voltage-dependent calcium channel and receptor-operated calcium channel. $C_{48}$80/-induced histamine release is related to extracellular calcium influx, especially by receptor-operated calcium channel rather than voltage-dependent calcium channel.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.22-42
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• 1990

Sabaiksan has been prescribed to treat various allergic diseases in herbal medicine which were induced by various vasoactive amine released from the mast cells. The constituents of Sabaiksan are Mori Cortex Radices(MCR), Lycii Cortex Radicis(LCR) and Glycyrrhizae Radix(GR). Recently, simple models of compound 48/80 induced anaphylactic shock and cutaneous reaction in vivo were developed to test various agents employed in the field of allergy and toxicology research. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of Sabaiksan on compound 48/80 induced anaphylactic stock, cutaneous reaction and mesenteric mast cell degranulation rate in ICR mice, and on compound 48/80 induced peritoneal mast cell degranulation and histamine release in vitro. Groups of ICR mice were intraperitoneally pretreated with $100{\mu}{\ell}$ of saline, $MCR(2g/m{\ell}),\;LCR(2g/m{\ell}),\;GR(g/m{\ell})$ or Sabaiksan itself(MCR+LCR+GR) at 24, 12 and 1 hour before compound 48/80 solution ($10{\mu}{\ell}/gm$ B. W) were peritoneally given into them, and then mortality within 72 hours after the compound 48/80 injection, and mesenteric mast cell degranulation rate at 15 minutes after compound 48/80 injection were calculated. In vitro experiment, $400{\mu}{\ell}$ of rat peritoneal mast cell suspension$(10^6cell/m{\ell})$ were pretreated with $50{\mu}{\ell}$ of saline, $MCR(2g/m{\ell}),\;LCR(2g/m{\ell}),\;GR(g/m{\ell})$ or Sabaiksan itself at room temperature for 30 minutes, and then $50{\mu}{\ell}$ of compound 48/80 solution $(100{\mu}g/m{\ell})$ were added into it. 30 minutes after the addition of compound 48/80 solution, histamine release assay in the supernatant of peritoneal mast cell suspension were performed employing radioisotope enzymatic assay and morphologic changes of mast cells in each regular time point were photographed. Compared with controls, compound 48/80 induced anaphylactic shock was significantly inhibited by MCR and GR pretreatment into the ICR mice. Significant inhibition of compound 48/80 induced cutaneous reaction, mesenteric mast cell degranulation rate in vivo and histamine release from the rat peritoneal mast cells in vitro was observed only in MCR pretreated group. From the above results, it is suggested that MCR component of Sabaiksan may playa key role to suppress mast cell function since it has been applied to various allergic diseases.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.144-149
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• 2006

The immediate-type allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) is involved in many allergic diseases such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, and sinusitis. The discovery of drugs for the treatment of immediate-type allergic diseases is a very important subject in human health. In this study, we investigated the effect of Rubus coreanus Miq.(Rosaceae) unripe fruits (RCF) on mast cell-mediated allergic reaction and inflammatory cytokine secretion. RCF inhibited compound 48/80-induced systemic reactions in mice. RCF attenuated immunoglobulin (Ig) E-mediated local allergic reactions. In addition, RCF dependently reduced histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells local allergic reactions. In addition, RCF dependently reduced histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells activated by compound 48/80 or IgE. Furthermore, RCF decreased the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate plus calcium ionophore A23187-stimulated tumor necrosis factor $(TNF)-{\alpha}$ and interleukin (IL)-6 secretion in human mast cells. Our findings provide evidence that RCF inhibits mast cell-derived immediate-type allergic reactions.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.316-325
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• 1997

The dried unripe fruit of Poncirus trifoliata L. is widely used to treat urticaria, itch and indigestion in folk medicine. And recently it was reported the component of the fruit was found to exhibit an inhibitory effect on histamine release from mast cells. So to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of Poncirus trifoliata L.(PTFE) on compound 48/80-induced histamine release, the study was carried out in rat peritoneal mast cell. PTFE $(10^{-3}{\sim}1mg/ml)$ inhibits the histamine release induced by compound 48/80 $(5{\mu}g/ml)$ in rat peritoneal mast cells. To clarify the mechanism of these inhibition, we investigated the effect of PTFE on cAMP and intracellular calcium content. The increase in cAMP content, when PTFE was added, was transient. At concentration of 1mg/ml, the cAMP content of mast cells was significantly increased at a rate of 53 times of basal cells at 10sec. PTFE inhibits histamine release by augmenting the cAMP content in mast cells. Moreover, PTFE inhibits intracellular calcium release induced by compound 48/80. This result suggests that PTFE may be useful for the prevention and treatment of allergy-related disease.