• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.141-153
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• 2003

Introduction : The causes of sudden sensorineural hearing loss have not been detemined with precision until recently, but viral infections and vascular insufficiencies, such as vascular spasm, occlusion of sludging of erythrocytes were considered as major factors. The treatment has not been determined with precision until recently. It is similar to dizziness(眩暈). sudden dcafncss(暴聾) and congestion-fire deafness(痰火聾) in Oriental Medicine. It is very rare that someone has sudden hearing loss and visit Oriental Medicine Clinic right that time. But we expect if they take a Oriental treatment on thc right time. more effective for their symptom. Subjects : Following conclusions were reached by measuring results of oricntal medical treatments for 40 patients who visited the clinic between January of 2000 and December of 2002, and received treatments continuously for more than 1 months of time. Methods : Among the selected 40 patients. 30 patients belong to Group Ⅰ, which consisted of patients who had already visited a general hospital prior to visiting this clinic, achieved no recovery at all from sudden deafness despite going through more than 5 days of hospitalized treatments of steroidal medications. Group Ⅱ was consisted of 10 patients of sudden deafness who did not experience any steroidal treatments from other hospital prior to the oriental medical treatment. Results and conclusion : According to differentiation of syndrome. among 30 patients of the Group Ⅰ. 21 were categorized as excess syndrome patients and remaining 9 as deficiency syndrome paticnts. Among 10 patients of For Group Ⅱ, 5 were excess syndrome patients and remaining 5 were deficiency syndrome patients. Among Group Ⅰ, recovery ratio of excess syndrome patients was 47.7$\%$ and deficiency syndrome patients was 44.4$\%$ adding up recovery ratio of the group to be 46.1$\%$. Among Group Ⅱ, recovery ratio of excess syndrome patients was 80$\%$ and deficiency syndrome patients was 100$\%$ adding up recovery ratio of the group to be 90$\%$. Oriental medical treatments are generally more effective(90$\%$ recovery ratio) for Sudden Deafness than steroidal treatments. Oriental medical treatments are almost equally effective for both excess syndrome patients and deficiency syndrome patients. However, steroidal treatments for excess syndrom patients(45$\%$ recovery ratio) is much less effective than deficiency syndrome patients(73$\%$ recovery ratio). This indicates that steroidal treatments should be applied selectively to deficiency syndrome patients if applied at all. Even for patients with sudden deafness which hospitalized steroidal treatments did not result in any recovery at all, oriental medical treatments were able to achieve 46.1$\%$ recovery ratio.

• 암석학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.47-63
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• 2004

부산 가덕도 일대에 분포하는 화성암류에 대한 암석기재적 및 지화학적 특징을 알아보았다. 암석 조직과 광물 조성 특징으로부터 중성화산암류는 안산암(반상 그리고 괴상 안산암)과 안산암질 화성쇄설암으로, 규장질 화산암은 유문암, 유문암질 용결응회암과 응회각력암으로 구성된다. 이들 화산암류를 관입해 있는 심성암류는 많은 염기성마그마포획체를 가지는 각섬석 화강섬록암으로 주로 구성된다. 화산암류는 화학조성상 SiO$_2$ 59-78wt.%에 이르는 안산암, 데사이트 및 유문암에 해당하며, 칼크-알칼리암 계열에 속한다. 심성암류는 SiO$_2$63-69wt.%이다. 이들 화산암류의 변화 경향성은 경상분지 남동부의 백악기 화산암류와 심성암류의 변화 경향과 대체로 일치한다 화산암류의 미량성분과 희토류원소 변화경향은 경희토류원소가 부화되어 있으며, LREE/HREE의 높은 비를 나타내는데, 이는 해양판이 섭입하는 판경계부에서 산출되는 대륙연변부의 칼크-알칼리계열의 화산암에서 나타나는 전형적인 특징이다. 가덕도지역의 화산암류와 심성암류는 섭입 환경의 맨틀 웨지의 부분용융에 의해 만들어진 조산대 안산안질 마그마로부터 진화하였음을 지시한다.

• 암석학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.103-118
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• 2004

청송 지역에서는 국내외적으로 희귀하며 매우 다양하고 아름다운 형태를 보여주는 구과상 유문암들이 맥의 형태로 산출된다. 청송 구과상 유문암내에 나타나는 섬유상 광물은 이들 암맥이 지표근처에서 빠르게 냉각되었음을 지시하며 청송 구과강 유문암의 다양한 형태는 각 맥의 냉각속도의 다양함에 기인한다. 구과상 유문암의 형태는 성인에 따라 방사상 단식,층상 단식, 층상 복식, 방사상-층상 복식, 방사층상 복식의 5가지로 분류된다. 방사상 단식 구과형과 방사층상 복식 구과형은 상대적으로 가장 빠른 냉각시 과냉각에 의한 확산류에 의해 형성되었으며 냉각속도가 상대적으로 가장 느린 경우 리제강 링의 형성 원리와 같은 방식으로 상대적으로 느린 확산에 의해 층상형 복식 구과형이 형성되었다. 그리고 냉각속도가 중간일 경우 층상 단식 구과형이 생성된다. 따라서 청송 지역의 구과상 유문암중 방사상 단식 혹은 방사층상 복식 구과형인 국화형, 민들레형, 해바라기형, 다알리아형은 가장 빠르게 냉각된 암맥에서 생성된 반면 층상형 복식 구과형인 장미형, 무명형과 목단형등은 상대적으로 가장 천천히 냉각된 암맥으로 부터 형성되었다. 그리고 매화형과 같은 층상단식 구과형은 상대적으로 중간 속도의 냉각 속도를 갖는 맥에서 산출된다. 구과상 유문암 맥들의 K-Ar 전암 연령은 이들 암석이 48-50Ma에 관입한 암체임을 지시한다 청송지역의 구과상 유문암은 그 희귀성과 다양하며 아름다운 형태 때문에 연구 및 보존가치가 높다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.197-205
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• 2010

인천시 무의도 습지 주변에 분포하는 관속식물의 현황과 분포특성을 파악하였다. 무의도 습지의 식생은 2개의 군락군과 6개의 군락으로 구분되었다. 습지 내에는 땅귀개-흰개수염 군락군으로 대표되며 2개의 군락(고양이수염군락과 갈대군락)이 분포하였고 습지 주변에는 오리나무 군락군으로 대표되며 4개의 군락(진퍼리새군락, 쇠보리군락, 졸참나무군락, 리기다소나무-억새군락)으로 구분되었다. 관속식물의 종류조성은 30과 53속 50종 8변종, 총 58분류군이며, 그중 피자식물이 주축을 이루고 있음을 알 수 있다. 이들 중 한국특산식물이 관찰되지 않았으며, 산림청이 지정한 희귀 및 멸종위기종은 땅귀개와 이삭귀개, 2분류군으로 조사되었다. 귀화식물은 아까시나무, 1분류군만이 관찰되었다. 환경부의 식물구계학적 특정식물종은 V등급이 땅귀개와 이삭귀개 등 2분류군, II등급은 돌양지꽃, I등급은 굴참나무와 애기쉽싸리 등 2분류군이 조사되었다. 소산식물의 생활형을 보면, 수생식물이 전체의 20.7%인 12종류로 가장 많았으며 1년생식물은 1종류만이 관찰되었다. 무의도의 marsh형 습지는 다양한 습지식물이 분포하며, 식충식물인 땅귀개와 이삭귀개가 우점하고 물이끼가 분포하는 것으로 보아 Bog(산성습원)형태로 진행 중인 습지로 판단된다. 습지의 주변은 인간간섭에 의한 훼손이 발생하고 있으므로 시급한 보전대책이 있어야 하겠다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제84권4호
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• pp.291-298
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• 2021

Background: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is a standard diagnostic method for mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy. Although rare, fatal infectious complications can occur following EBUS-TBNA. However, to date, there is a lack of effective preventive strategies to reduce these complications. We started a trial to investigate the effect of chlorhexidine mouthrinse on the prevention of microbial contamination during EBUS-TBNA. Methods: This study is a single-center, parallel-group, assessor-blinded randomized controlled trial (RCT). We will enroll 112 adult participants undergoing EBUS-TBNA using a convex probe, and randomly assign them to two groups at a 1:1 ratio. The intervention group will gargle for 1 minute with 100 mL of 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate before EBUS-TBNA, while the control group will have no mouthrinse before the procedure. Immediately after completion of EBUS-TBNA on all targeted lesions with an aspiration needle, a needle wash sample will be taken by instilling 5 mL of sterile saline into the used needle. The primary outcome is colony forming unit (CFU) counts in aerobic cultures of the needle wash samples. Secondary outcomes are CFU counts in anaerobic cultures, fever within 24 hours after EBUS-TBNA, and infectious complications within 4 weeks after EBUS-TBNA. Conclusion: This trial was designed as the first RCT to investigate the effect of chlorhexidine mouthrinse on the prevention of microbial contamination during EBUS-TBNA. Results from this trial can provide clinical evidence for a simple, safe, and cost-effective strategy to prevent infectious complications following EBUS-TBNA (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04718922, registered on 22 January 2021).

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제64권6호
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• pp.891-900
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• 2021

Objective : Vertebral artery dissecting aneurysm (VADA) is a very rare subtype of intracranial aneurysms; when ruptured, it is associated with significantly high rates of morbidity and mortality. Despite several discussions and debates, the optimal treatment for VADA has not yet been established. In the last 10 years, flow diverter devices (FDD) have emerged as a challenging and new treatment method, and various clinical and radiological results have been reported about their safety and effectiveness. The aim of our study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological results with the use of FDD in the treatment of unruptured VADA. Methods : We retrospectively evaluated the data of all patients with unruptured VADA treated with FDD between January 2018 and February 2021 at our hybrid operating room. Nine patients with unruptured VADA, deemed hemodynamically unstable, were treated with FDD. Among other parameters, the technical feasibility of the procedure, procedure-related complications, angiographic results, and clinical outcomes were evaluated. Results : Successful FDD deployment was achieved in all cases, and the immediate follow-up angiography showed intra-aneurysmal contrast stasis with parent artery preservation. A temporary episode of facial numbness and palsy was noted in one patient; however, the symptoms had completely disappeared when followed up at the outpatient clinic 2 weeks after the procedure. The 3-6 months follow-up angiography (n=9) demonstrated complete/near-complete obliteration of the aneurysm in seven patients, and partial obliteration and segmental occlusion in one patient each. In the patient who achieved only partial obliteration, there was a sac 13 mm in size, and there was no change in the 1-year follow-up angiography. In the patient with segmental occlusion, the cause could not be determined. The clinical outcome was modified Rankin Scale 0 in all patients. Conclusion : Our preliminary study using FDD to treat hemodynamically unstable unruptured VADA showed that FDD is safe and effective. Our study has limitations in that the number of cases is small, and it is not a prospective study. However, we believe that the study contributes to evidence regarding the safety and effectiveness of FDD in the treatment of unruptured VADA.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.171-176
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• 2021

종격동기종은 치과 영역에서 매우 드물고 잠재적으로 위험한 합병증이다. 이의 흔한 원인으로는 핸드피스와 고압 공기/물 주사기를 사용하는 발치, 근관치료, 잇몸 밑 치은연하 소파술 등이 있다. 본 증례는 임플란트 식립을 위한 전 치료로 주사기를 이용하여 상악동에 골이식을 시행받은 61세 여자에게서 발생한 대량의 종격동기종과 피하기종의 증례이다. 환자는 치료 도중 갑작스럽게 발생한 구강 통증과 함께 의식 소실이 발생하였고, 응급실로 전원 되었다. 영상학적 검사상 종격동기종과 함께 얼굴과 목부위 전체에 피하기종이 발견되었다. 예방적 항생제, 산소 흡입, 금식 등의 보존적 치료가 이루어졌고, 합병증 없이 7일 만에 퇴원하였다. 환자의 실신은 시술 중 상악동 천공 후 과량의 공기유입으로 인해 발생한 종격동기종에 의해 순간적인 강한 흉부 압박으로 혈압 감소와 통증 쇽에 의한 것으로 생각된다. 치과 치료 중 환자가 의식을 잃었다면 기도 폐쇄의 위험성이 있기 때문에 종격동기종을 즉각적으로 감별하고 치료해야 한다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.169-178
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• 2021

BACKGROUND: The Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs is promoting agri-environment conservation program to induce farmers to participate in agricultural environment improvement and conservation activities. However, assessment tools based on scientific evidence are needed to determine the effectiveness of the program objectively and quantitatively. Therefore, this study was performed to develop plant indicators in order to efficiently evaluate the effects of the agri-environment conservation program promoted by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs. METHODS AND RESULTS: The survey was conducted in five regions (Hampyeong, Boryeong, Mungyeong, Hongseong, and Sangju) participating in the agri-eonvironment conservation program. In each region, twenty paddy fields were investigated (ten paddy fields included in the program and ten paddy fields not included in the program). A total of 231 taxa vascular plants were identified in the paddy fields that were included in the agri-environment conservation program, and a total of 177 taxa were identified in the paddy fields that were not included. The average species number occurred on each field was 55.8 taxa in the fields included in the program, and 35.0 taxa in the fields not included in the program. The difference in occurring plants between two groups was found to be more higher in perennial plants than in annual plants. We selected the six groups as indicator plants through five criteria such as perennial plants and broadly occurring species, etc. to verify the effectiveness of the agri-environment conservation program: Taraxacum spp., Ixeris spp., Viola spp., Platago spp., Calystegia spp., and rare and endagered species. There was a high positive correlation between the score calculated using these indicator plants and the total number of plants species. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that it is possible to evaluate the agro-ecological environment by using indicator plants. The selected indicator plants can be effectively used to verify the effectiveness of projects such as agri-environmental conservation programs in the future.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제42권
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• pp.35.1-35.6
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• 2020

Background: Miescher's cheilitis granulomatosa (MCG) is a rare chronic inflammatory disease and is known as the monosymptomatic clinical form of Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome (MRS). It is characterised by swelling of one or both lips and more frequently affects the upper lip. Histopathological findings show the presence of numerous inflammatory infiltrates and granuloma formations. Pharmacological treatments and surgery have provided results that are positive yet insufficiently stable in the long term. The clinical case described is of a 68-year-old female patient with a diagnosis of MCG of the upper lip. Case presentation: The patient was diagnosed and treated at the Oral Medicine and Oral Pathology outpatient clinic of Maxillofacial and Odontostomatology Unit, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico. The patient was recommended localised treatments of photobiomodulation (PBM) using a diode laser with a 635 nm and 980 nm dual-wavelength (λ) approach, a 600-micron fibre, and a handpiece with a 1-cm-diameter lens at 300 mW. Three treatments a week were administered for four weeks for a total of 12 treatment sessions (T₁-T₁₂). After that, the patient had a long follow-up period of about 2 years. The therapeutic results were clear from the initial stages of treatment. There was an immediate, gradual, and consistent reduction in labial swelling. A reduction in the size of the lip by about 35% at T₁₀-T₁₂ was observed, returning the size and volume of the upper lip within the normal clinical range. The painful symptoms subsided after the seventh treatment (T₇). The histopathological check at 3 months and the follow-up in particular confirmed the disease was in remission with satisfactorily stable treatment results. Moreover, the patient did not use any other treatments on the area from the early laser treatments through to the end of the follow-up period. Conclusions: Our experience describes a clinical case of MCG treated with PBM and effectively resolved with a reduction of the lip swelling. The real success of the treatment emerged over time, showing that the tissue healing was stable. In absence of any collateral phenomena, this confirms the effective and documented therapeutic potential of PBM for chronic inflammatory infiltrates.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.33-51
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• 2019

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to provide practical implications for Korean companies searching for new market opportunities. From the experimental analysis, the impact of country image on product-country image and purchase intention of Korean products are measured. In addition, this study disaggregates the impacts of country image and product-country image and purchase intention among ethnic groups in South Africa for searching further useful implications. Design/methodology - To examine South African consumers' country image and product-country image towards Korean products, data were collected between June and July 2019 through an online questionnaire, and 335 questionnaires were used for analysis. Firstly, the multivariate analysis was conducted to examine the general tendency of South African consumers' perceptions of country image to Korea, product-country image, and purchase intention among three ethnic group consumers. Then in order to verify the country image model and hypotheses of the study, we analyzed the structural models for each of the three ethnic groups and compared the sizes of the path coefficients for each groups. To compare the difference of path coefficients across ethnic groups, configural invariance, metric invariance, and scalar invariance tests were conducted sequentially. Findings - In the black and white ethnic groups, the country image had a statistically significant impact on product-country image, but it did not affect the purchase intention to Korean products. The product-country image showed a statistically significant impact on the purchase intention to Korean products in both ethnic group. However, in the coloured ethnic group consumer, the country image had a significant effect on the product-country image, but it did not affect the purchase intention of Korean products. In addition, the product-country image did not have a significant influence on the purchase intention of coloured ethnic group consumers unlike black and white ethnic group consumers. The results of this study suggest that even though differences in terms of the impact of CoI on PCI and PI were investigated for the sample of white, coloured, and black respondents, the groups seemed to respond in a reasonably comparable manner. Originality/value - South Africa occupies more than 20% of Africa's total GDP in sub-Saharan Africa and is a hub for Southern African logistics as a hub for Korean companies to enter Africa. However, it is rare to find a study focused on the determinants of consumer behavior in South Africa. In particular, this study disaggregates the impacts of country image and product-country image on consumer behavior across ethnic groups in South Africa. Therefore, this study could provide practical implications for Korean firms which desire to diversify their export markets and pioneer future markets.