• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.201-212
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• 2016

Due to growing problems securing stable mineral and energy resources with international political and economic changes, China has dedicated itself to strategies and policies to enhance its stable mineral and energy resources security. China has established a rare earth elements(REE) industry policy after the abolition of the REE exports quota system. China's six large REE companies have also been integrated into REE mining, smelting and refining companies. Efforts have been increased to enhance China's energy security through unconventional oil and gas exploration and development investment, as well as effort in R&D. The country will focus on technology development and exploration to promote commercial production of unconventional oil and gas based on countries with shale gas. China is making long-term contracts and joint ventures to ensure the acquisition of reliable mineral and energy resources from abroad. Government of China has proposed a range of initiatives, such as the integration of resources development strategies and environmental development strategies, internationalization of resource management, supply diversification and advancement, strengthening industry linking strategy, grouping and diversification strategy.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.181-193
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• 2017

Mn-Fe phosphate mineral complexes included within the pegmatite are observed at Jurassic Cheolwon two-mica granite in Gyeonggi Massif, South Korea. The genetic evolution between the Cheolwon two-mica granite and pegmatite, and various trend of Mn-Fe phosphate minerals is made by later magmatic, hydrothermal, and weathering process based on mineralogical, geochemical analysis. The Cheolwon two-mica granite is identified as S-type granite, considering its chemical composition (metaluminous ~ peraluminous), post-collisional environment, low magnetic susceptibility, and existence of biotite and muscovite. The K-Ar age (ca. 153 Ma) of pegmatite is well coincident with age of the Cheolwon two-mica granite ($151{\pm}4Ma$). It indicates that these two rocks are originated from the same magma. Pegmatite indicates the LCT geochemical signature, and was classified as muscovite-rare element class / Li subclass / beryl type / beryl-columbite-phosphate subtype pegmatite. The triplite $\{(Fe^{2+}{_{0.4}},Mn_{1.6})(PO_4)(F_{0.9})\}$ is dominant phosphates in later magmatic stage which partly altered to leucophosphite $\{KFe^{3+}{_2}(PO_4)_2OH{\cdot}2H_2O\}$ and jahnsite $\{(Fe^{3+}{_{0.7}},Mn_{2.3})(PO_4)_2OH{\cdot}4H_2O\}$ by hydrothermal alteration. In particular, near fractures, the triplite has been separatelty replaced by the phosphosiderite ($Fe^{3+}PO_4{\cdot}2H_2O$) and Mn-oxide minerals during weathering stage.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.454-463
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• 2004

The sorption behavior of some metal ions on XAD-16-CTA chelating resin was investigated by batch method. The sorption of chelating resin was highly selective for Hf(IV), Zr(IV) and Th(IV) at pH 3.0 ~ 6.0 and the maximum sorption capacity of Zr(IV) ion was 0.81 mmol/g. It was successfully applied to the separation of several rare metal ions from mixed metal solutions by using CDTA, EDTA, NTA and $NH_4F$ as masking agent. The elution order of metal ions obtained from breakthrough capacity and the overall capacity at pH 4.0 was Zr(IV)>Th(IV)>Hf(IV)>U(VI)>Cu(II)>In(III)>Pb(II). Desorption characteristics for metal ions was investigated with desorption agents such as HCl, $HNO_3$, $HClO_4$. 2 M HCl showed high desorption efficiency. Th(IV) ion can be successfully separated from mixed metal ions by using XAD-16-CTA cheating resin.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.60-72
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• 2012

After the movie "AVATAR" became a good model of cash-cow in 3D movie, the profit of 3D-movie significantly reduced. One of the reasons why it happens comes from rare understanding of human factors for instance how viewers get immersed, but sometimes tired. Although 3D images should be more considered human visual system including eye, unfortunately most communication research ignored human factors. For those reasons this study observed the effect of 3D video on viewers' psychological response, especially for perceived eye movement, perceived characteristics, visual fatigue, and presence. With 90 participants, the results show that viewers' perceived feature effects on their presence. In detail, first, materiality and tangibility are more important factors than clarity in 3D video, and it means that when making 3D content or devices, materiality and tangibility should be considers that any other factor. Second, this study examined whether we perceive our eyes as media, and the result shows that as viewers' presence level became higher we perceive eye movements more, and as viewers' presence level became higher perceived visual fatigue became lower. This result means that when we move eyes, we interact with surrounded environment, so 3D content needs to provide vivid features to be more interactive. On the other hand, since level of presence increase visual fatigue, it must be balanced when producing and playing.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.766-782
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• 2012

Science and technology(S&T) are not only advancing, but also the number of stakeholders in those fields are increasing, and so the demands of S&T strategy for a particular field are increasing. In Korea, especially, this tendency is remarkable, and is evidenced by the fact that more than one hundred of S&T strategies have been established and implemented. However, academic attempts to clarify scientific methodologies for establishing S&T strategy have so far been rare. In this paper, a methodology to establish S&T strategies in a particular field is proposed and examined through a case study to determine its usefulness. First, through an analysis of the literature, previous studies on the establishment of a national S&T strategy and its related concepts are reviewed. Also, a representative framework plans, in accordance with relevant legislation and regulations, are reviewed. Meanwhile, the methodology, PEST-SWOT-AHP, is proposed and the features and applications are identified. For the case study, the strategy establishment of a fusion research and development program is performed. In order to apply the PEST-SWOT-AHP tool, an environmental analysis based on the fusion R&D roadmap is conducted. To examine the usefulness of the proposed framework, a national fusion R&D strategy applying PEST-SWOT-AHP is derived. As a result of the case study, four strategies were derived. Those are be the first mover, promotion of basic research and cultivation of manpower, boost commercialization and public acceptance and reinforcing international cooperation.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.3807-3818
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• 2015

The objective of this study is to develop an on-line system for improving undergraduate students' competency development. After drawing elements necessary for the competency development such as assessment and planning, competency development, analysis of competency assessment, portfolio, analysis of job ability and community, based on the literature research related to competency and the analysis of the existing system, the direction of the system design was set up. The system was developed by using Microsoft Windows operating system in Windows server, ORACLE ver.10 as its database management system, and JSP and JAVA as its programing language. Reviewing errors and improvements of the system, it was modified and complemented. In order to examine the content functional utilization of the final competency development system, the utilization was verified. The competency development system for undergraduate students can be used as on-line space filled with the internalization of knowledge, self-directed competency development, convenience of record management and interactions between students-professors-alumna, owing to its functions such as boosting competency activities, cultivating career-pioneering ability and introspecting. When it is rare to find researches on the competency development system for undergraduate students, it is expected to be helpful to the development of competency education and the career education for undergraduate students as a new alternative for the competency development.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.50-61
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• 2000

Recently the stereo vision based on conics has received much attention by many authors. Conics have many features such as their matrix expression, efficient correspondence checking, abundance of conical shapes in real world. Extensions to higher algebraic curves met with limited success. Although irreducible algebraic curves are rather rare in the real world, lines and conics are abundant whose products provide good examples of higher algebraic curves. We consider plane algebraic curves of an arbitrary degree $n{\geq}2$ with a fully calibrated stereo system. We present closed form solutions to both correspondence and reconstruction problems. Let $f_1,\;f_2,\;{\pi}$ be image curves and plane and $VC_P(g)$ the cone with generator (plane) curve g and vertex P. Then the relation $VC_{O1}(f_1)\;=\;VC_{O1}(VC_{O2}(f_2)\;∩\;{\pi})$ gives polynomial equations in the coefficient $d_1,\;d_2,\;d_3$ of the plane ${\pi}$. After some manipulations, we get an extremely simple polynomial equation in a single variable whose unique real positive root plays the key role. It is then followed by evaluating $O(n^2)$ polynomials of a single variable at the root. It is in contrast to the past works which usually involve a simultaneous system of multivariate polynomial equations. We checked our algorithm using synthetic as well as real world images.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.179-186
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• 2010

When a structure is damaged, its dynamic responses (natural frequency, acceleration, strain) are found to be changed. The ANN(Artificial Neural Network) damage-assesment method is that some measured dynamic signals from the structural changing dynamic responses are applied to ANN to assess the structural damage. Although there have been some studies on a certain typical cases so far, it is rare to find studies about the characteristics of the ANN damage-assesment method or about its applicability, its strength and weakness. So this study researches on the characteristics of ANN damage assesment method and on a problem in application of the various dynamic responses to ANN. What the ANN damage assessment method usually does in past researches is to teach an ANN by using some response signals obtained from damaged structures under one kind of excitations and to identify the locations and the extents of damage of same structures under the same excitations. However, the excitations inflicted on the structures are not always the same. Thus this study experiments whether a ANN which is trained using the same excitations is able to identify the damage when different excitations inflict. All response signals are obtained from experimental models.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.455-465
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• 2016

The collapse of underground mine development void for mineral resources can cause the subsidence of ground surface. In order to prevent the subsidence of ground, data such as maps or pictures of past mining site is important information for current mine reclamation works. In particular, mine subsidence management was based on mining maps and pictures. The process of the mining area surveys, safety evaluation, and ground reinforcement are normally possible with information such as maps and pictures in past mining. During the Japanese colonial period and 1960's, a lot of mines were developed in Korea indiscriminately. However, mining information at that time is limited to use. In the future, mining information will become even more rare. MIRECO intends to establish a realistic alternative solution. In this study, the basic numerical information of developed mine tunnels in Korea is statistically reviewed, and advanced underground cavity measuring technology was studied. 4,473 mine tunnel opening data of 1,784 abandoned mines in korea were collected and sorted. As a result of the analysis, the average value of small mine tunnel openings in Korea was 1.982 m in height and 1.959 m in width. The mean value of shape factor was analyzed as 0.485. The summary of these numerical mine data will be helpful for understanding and researching Korean abandoned mines. Therefore, the development of measurement technology for abandoned mine cavities and tunnels is expected to facilitate more effective mine subsidence management works in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.41 no.3 s.114
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• pp.346-360
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• 2006

In order to analyze synthetically geomorphological processes of marine terrace in Korea, this study deals with the distribution of marine terraces, stratification of sedimentary layers, physicochemical properties of deposits, and formative ages of marine terraces based on OSL(Optically Stimulated Luminescence) absolute age at coastal area of Gwangyang Bay in central part of the South Coast. As a result of comparison with physicochemical properties on diverse geomorphic materials, there is not enough distinction in them, because of recycling and mixing of materials at Gwangyang Bay having a geomorphic closure. In Gwangyang bay coast, marine terraces are discovered at least 3 levels and have a small area. Formative age of 1st Terrace, as the lowest level ranging in $10{\sim}13m$ above the sea level, is estimated at MIS(Marine Isotope Oxygen Stage) 5a, based on OSL age dating and properties of deposits. Uplifting rate is calculated at 0.141m/ka in Gwangyang bay coast. For application to this rate, 2nd terrace($18{\sim}22m$) is estimated at MIS 5e, 3rd terrace($27{\sim}32m$) is latter part of MIS 7. Consequently, we might conclude that uplifting and geomorphic process of marine terrace in South Coast is similar to East Coast during the Late Pleistocene in Korea.