• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.235-240
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• 1999

The usefulness of randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was evaluated to access the genetic variation in somaclones derived from different cytotype plants of Scilla scilloides Complex, AA (2n=16), BB (2n=18) and AABB (2n=34). Three arbitrary decamer primers were successfully used to amplify genomic DNA from the somaclones. DNA polymorphism was observed between cytotypes. The total number of bands in AA, BB and AABB somaclones were 110, 116 and 103, and marker bands examined were 15, 19 and 26, respectively. The diversity of types using PCR in AA, AABB and BB somaclones were 39.2%, 72.3% and 45.7%, respectively. RAPD band patterns suggest that type AA is more stable than type BB and AABB. The frequencies of specific band in AA, BB or AABB somaclones were 0.9%, 4.3% and 4.9%, respectively. The applicability and reliability of RAPD markers for evaluating the somaclones are discussed.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.201-206
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• 2010

The genetic relationship among 48 Cymbidium cultivars was analyzed using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) with eighty 10 mers random primers (Operon Technologies) and twelve 20 mers random primers. Forty eight Cymbidium cultivars included 34 oriental Cymbidium, 7 hybrids, and 7 western Cymbidium. 407 (9.9 per primer) and 56 polymorphic bands (9.5 per primer) were generated by polymerase chain reaction with selected thirty 10 mers primers, and nine 20 mers primers, respectively. The polymorphic fragments ranged from 0.4 to 1.5 kb in size. The dendrogram was constructed by using the UPGMA clustering algorithm based on genetic similarity. Forty eight Cymbidium cultivars were classified into four major groups at similarity coefficient value of 0.638.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.247-255
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• 2009

Root-knot nematode species, such as Meloidogyne hapla, M. incognita, M. arenaria, and M. javanica are the most economically notorious nematode pests, causing serious damage to a variety of crops throughout the world. In this study, DNA sequence analyses were performed on the D3 expansion segment of the 28S gene in the ribosomal DNA in an effort to characterize genetic variations in the three Meloidogyne species obtained from Korea and four species from the United States. Further, PCR-RFLP (Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism), SCAR (Sequence Characterized Amplified Region) PCR and RAPD (Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA) were also utilized to develop methods for the accurate and rapid species identification of the root-knot nematode species. In the sequence analysis of the D3 expansion segment, only a few nucleotide sequence variations were detected among M. incognita, M. arenaria, and M, javanica, but not M. hapla. As a result of our haplotype analysis, haplotype 5 was shown to be common in M. arenaria, M. incognita, M. javanica, but not in the facultatively parthenogenetic species, M. hapla. PCR-RFLP analysis involving the amplification of the mitochondrial COII and large ribosomal RNA (lrRNA) regions yielded one distinct amplicon for M. hapla at 500 bp, thereby enabling us to distinguish M. hapla from M. incognita, M. arenaria, and M. javanica reproduced via obligate mitotic parthenogenesis. SCAR markers were used to successfully identify the four tested root-knot nematode species. Furthermore, newly attempted RAPD primers for some available root-knot nematodes also provided some species-specific amplification patterns that could also be used to distinguish among root-knot nematode species for quarantine purposes.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.261-265
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• 2001

This study was carried out to select randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers associated with grain weight of a large-grain mutant, Hyacp 39-26-1, derived from anther culture of a rice cultivar, 'Hwayeongbyeo'. The segregation mode for grain weight in an F$_2$ population from a cross, 'Hwayeongbyeo/Hyacp 39-26-1', showed a nearly normal distribution. One hundred and ninety-one F$_2$plants ranged from 21.8 g to 34.7 g in 1,000-grain weight with a mean of 26.8 g. Five hundred and twenty primers were used to detect the RAPD markers associated with the grain weight of the large-grain mutant. Of these primers, 54 primers showed polymorphism between 'Hwayeongbyeo' and 'Hyacp 39-26-1'. Four RAPD markers (OPB18, OPH07, OPT20, and OPX20) were significantly related to the grain weight of twenty one F$_3$ lines derived from the cross, 'Hwayeongbyeo/Hyacp 39-26-1'. This RAPD marker could facilitate the early and efficient selection of high-yield lines through improvement of grain weight in rice.

• BMB Reports
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.182-190
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• 2005

Genetic heterogeneity of the tropical abalone, Haliotis asinina was examined using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and microsatellite analyses. One hundred and thirteen polymorphic RAPD fragments were generated. The percentage of polymorphic bands of H. asinina across overall primers was 85.20%. The average genetic distance of natural samples within the Gulf of Thailand (HACAME and HASAME) was 0.0219. Larger distance was observed when those samples were compare with HATRAW from the Andaman Sea (0.2309 and 0.2314). Geographic heterogeneity and $F_{ST}$ analyses revealed population differentiation between H. asinina from the Gulf of Thailand and the Andaman Sea (p < 0.0001). Three microsatellite loci (CUHas1, CUHas4 and CUHas5) indicated relatively high genetic diversity in H. asinina (total number of alleles = 26, 5, 23 and observed heterozygosity = 0.84, 0.42 and 0.33, respectively). Significant population differentiation was also found between samples from different coastal regions (p < 0.0001). Therefore, the gene pool of natural H. asinina in coastal Thai waters can be genetically divided to 2 different populations; the Gulf of Thailand (A) and the Andaman Sea (B).

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.15 no.3 s.70
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• pp.474-478
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• 2005

This study was conducted to analyze genetic characteristics and to develop the specific marker for Cheju native horse (Coo) at the level of sequence characterized amplified regions (SCARs). We collected blood samples from Cheju native horse and Thoroughbred horse (Th) and obtained genomic DNA from the blood of 50 individuals randomly selected within the breeds. Seven hundred primers were chosen randomly and were used to examin the polymorphism and 40 kinds of primers showed polymorphic RAPD band patterns between two breeds. Thirty primers of them showed horse specific bands. With the primer MG 30, amplified band of 2.0 kb showed the specificity to Cheju native horse (Cnh). Additionally MG 53 detected the thoroughbred horse (Th) specific markers at size of 2.3 kb. As the next, 2.3 kb band from MG 53 was checked with the all individuals from all the breeds of this study, and it maintained the reproducible breed specificity to thoroughbred horse (Th). With this results, 2.3 kb band was cloned into plasmid vector and sequenced bidirectionally from both ends of the cloned fragment. With the obtained sequences 10 nucleotide extended primers including the original arbitray primer were designed as a SCARs primer. Finally, the primer with extended sequence showed the reproducible breed differentiation pattern and it was possible to identify Cheju native horse (Cnh) from other breeds. The SCARs marker 2.3 kb from MG 53 could be used to identify Cheju native horse (Cnh) for not only registration but also horse breeding programe.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.158-166
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• 2009

On the basis of morphological characteristics, of total 128 strains of from sputum of tuberculos inpatient were identified as A. fumigatus (61 strains), A. niger (37), A. flavus (26), A. versicolor (1), A. nidulans (1), A. clavatus (1) and Neosartorya fennelliae (1). These strains were re-identified according to recent Aspergillus classification system which is mainly based on molecular characteristics. The strains were grouped by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) techniques. The representative strains from each group were sequenced with partial ${\beta}$-tubulin gene and compared with those of reference strains in the Aspergillus and were identified by the sequence. The identification was confirmed by morphology examination. As the results, they are reidentified as A. fumigatus (58), A. niger (11), A. tubingensis (26), A. flavus (27), A. sydowii (3), A. nidulans (1), A. clavatus (1) and Neosatorya fennelliae (1). This is the first report of A. tubuingensis in clinical field in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.31-35
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• 2004

The genetic variation and intraspecific relationships between 10 individuals of seven cultivars and one Ulleungdo native of Wasabia japonica were investigated using RAPD (Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA) analysis. The 21 primers out of 50 random primers were amplified for all tested plants. The 68 (47.2%) among 144 bands derived from 21 primers showed polymorphism, and 3.2 bands per primer were observed. Number of bands per primer was ranged from 2 to 13, and average numbers were 6.8. The phenograms for 11 analyzed individuals by RAPD markers were not matched well with those of the result by morphological characters since they were clustered monophyletic at the similarity coefficient value ranged from 0.81 to 0.96. The Ulleungdo native individual was clustered sister to Daruma, Simanesairal, Sawa, and Hujidaruma cultivars. The RAPD markers were not useful to evaluate the intraspecific variations in Wasabia japonica cultivars, therefore need to more specific molecular phylogenetic characters such as AFLP technology and gene sequence of nuclear and chloroplast DNA.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.123-127
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• 2000

The objective of this study was to develop a linkage map of soybean under the genetic background of Korean soybean. A set of 89 F/sub 5/ lines was developed from a cross between 'Pureunkong', which was released for soy-bean sprout, and 'Jinpumkong 2', which had no beany taste in seed due to lack of lipoxygenase 1, 2, and 3. A linkage map was constructed for this population with a set of 113 genetic markers including 7 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers, 79 randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers, 24 simple sequence repeat(SSR) markers, and 3 morphological markers. The map defined approximately 807.4 cM of the soybean genome comprising 25 linkage groups with 98 polymorphic markers. Fifteen markers remained unlinked. Seventeen linkage groups identified here could be assigned to the respective 13 linkage groups in the USDA soybean genetic map. RFLP and SSR markers segregated at only single genetic loci. Fourteen of the 25 linkage groups contained at least one SSR marker locus. Map positions of most of the SSR loci and their linkages with RFLP markers were consistent with previous reports of the USDA soybean linkage groups. For RAPD, banding patterns of 13 decamer primers showed independent segregations at two or more marker loci for each primer. Only the segregation at op Y07 locus was expressed with codominant manner among all RAPD loci. As the soybean genetic map in our study is more updated, molecular approaches of agronomically important genes would be useful to improve Korean soybean improvement.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.856-867
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• 2020

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a major gastroenteritis-causing pathogen in many Asian countries. Antimicrobial resistance in V. parahaemolyticus has been recognized as a critical threat to food safety. In this study, we determined the prevalence and incidence of antimicrobial resistance in V. parahaemolyticus in the southern Fujian coast, China. A total of 62 isolates were confirmed in retail aquatic products from June to October of 2018. The serotype O3:K6 strains, the virulence genes tdh and trh, antibiotic susceptibility and molecular typing were investigated. Then plasmid profiling analysis and curing experiment were performed for multidrug-resistant strains. The results showed that the total occurrence of V. parahaemolyticus was 31% out of 200 samples. Five strains (8.1%) out of 62 isolates were identified as the V. parahaemolyticus O3:K6 pandemic clone. A large majority of isolates exhibited higher resistance to penicillin (77.4%), oxacillin (71%), ampicillin (66.1%) and vancomycin (59.7%). Seventy-one percent (44/62) of the isolates exhibited multiple antimicrobial resistance. All 62 isolates were grouped into 7 clusters by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA, and most of the isolates (80.6%) were distributed within cluster A. Plasmids were detected in approximately 75% of the isolates, and seven different profiles were observed. Seventy-six percent (25/33) of the isolates carrying the plasmids were eliminated by 0.006% SDS incubated at 42℃, a sublethal condition. The occurrence of multidrug-resistant strains could be an indication of the excessive use of antibiotics in aquaculture farming. The rational use of antimicrobial agents and the surveillance of antibiotic administration may reduce the acquisition of resistance by microorganisms in aquatic ecosystems.