• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.681-686
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• 2010

Although the height of a ramp is an important design element, it has not been considered in prior studies. Therefore, in this study, the ramp slope and height are considered as independent variables. To analyze the effects of the slope and height, five levels of slope (1:6, 1:8, 1:10, 1:12 and 1:14) and three levels of height (15cm, 30cm and 45cm) are considered. For the dependent variables, the total time, velocity and perceived discomfort were considered as usability measures, pulse rate changes and EMG signals of four related muscles (extensor carpi radialis, triceps brachii, anterior deltoid and posterior deltoid) were considered as physiology measures. As a result, differences among usability and physiological characteristic for the five slopes increased as the height increased. Additionally, slope effects were minor when the height was low (15cm). Almost domestic/international regulations and guidelines related to ramp recommended 1:12 slope for the ramp design, however, there was no significant difference between 1:10 and 1:12 according to result of this study. In addition, slope effects were minor at a low height; thus, a slope of 1:8 can be recommended if the installation space for a gentler ramp is not sufficient.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.3-14
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• 2010

As the seniors and the disabled has increased, the demand for cultural centers has also increased in many local areas. This means that the local cultural centers designed from the viewpoint of universal design are needed, so that to be used by everyone without any difficulties. This study examined the applicability of universal design principles to the public service areas of the local cultural centers. The subject cultural centers were three local ones which had seating capacity of more than 1,000 and opened after the year of 2,000 in Gyungnam. The spatial scopes of the study were six public service areas of the local cultural centers : entrance area, corridor and pathway, stair, ramp, elevator, and rest room. The total 65 items for evaluating the applicability of universal design were selected and examined for six areas. On the whole, accessibility, such as wide pathway and flat floor was good. However, the following improvements were needed. 1) Handrails and rounded corner were needed on walls. 2) Consideration of the visually impaired like as braille sign was needed. 3) The handrails on ramp should be installed for usability. 4) The automatic door would be more useful to the physically disabled users. 5) Wider space and familiar handrail design and color were needed in the rest rooms for the handicapped.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제12호
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• pp.25-32
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• 1997

The fast growth of the elderly population and nuclear families have been creating substantial needs for residential facilities of aged people in Korea. In this study, reviews on housing preference and physical constraints have been performed based on previous researches. In this study, the results of the analyses propose developmental strategies for the elderly housing in Korea as follows: 1)Housing preference and other psychological trends of Korean elderly are rooted in changeable condition of the emotion and lack of knowledge. Therefore, the housing preference of the Korean elderly should not be considered a fixed reflection ; rather, it should be regarded as a continuously adjusted trends according to later experience and emotional status after residing in the elderly care facilities. 2)Design of elderly housing should be guided within two principles of easy access and high usability. The principles also require maximazation of social interactions among frail elderly residents on age-segregated structure. 3) The experiment among 201 frail elderly shows that each shower stall should accommodate 5-by-5 feet square for wheelchair u-turn, and 48 inch height for kitchen topsink. Finally, the experiment shows that ramp slope of the ederly housing should be within 1/16 and 1/20.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.487-497
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• 2014

Objective: This study aims to develop and evaluate a multi-purpose rollator, which may be used as a seat, as a traditional walker, or as a storage basket for elderly farmers. Background: The rollators on the market are not user-friendly designed and seen inconvenient for elderly farmers to use, although they are sold at considerably high price. Since they lack enough space to load stuffs and are not durable or stable enough, they do not seem to be suitable for elderly farmers to use in rural areas. Method: Two types of methods were used in this study. First, the survey consisted of 19 questions was conducted among elderly farmers in rural areas, after using the developed rollator, to evaluate the usability of the rollator developed in this study. Second, EMG experiment was conducted to compare the existing rollator and developed rollator quantitatively. Through this experiment, we tried to verify the differences of muscle responses, when using the traditional and the developed ones, which have their own brake system, in the ramp. Results: The developed rollator was highly evaluated in most of the questions in the usability survey, except for the 'Weight' category in which the opinions were divided into three different types (Worse: 31%, Similar: 30%, Better: 36%). The result of EMG experiment showed that the existing rollator (7.4%MVC) demands more muscle strength than the developed rollator (5.5%MVC) does. By statistically analyzing the results of upper limb and lower limb respectively, we found out that all the muscles except deltoid in upper limb showed statistically significant differences in muscle activity when using the existing and the developed rollator. However, there was no statistical difference in lower limb muscles. Conclusion: The developed rollator in this study has maximized the functionality of the brake system, the storage and the chair, which were pointed out as the weaknesses of existing rollators. Furthermore, the developed rollator is designed to be more user-friendly, safe, durable, and effective for elderly farmers to use in rural areas, where roads are rough and bumpy. Application: We expect that the emergency brake system developed in this study would be utilized for other convenience equipment, such as strollers and carts, and that it would be able to develop and produce more secure and reliable equipment in the future.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제29권12호
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• pp.1340-1345
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• 2012

Industrial products developed in recent years have focused on usability and stability. Especially, for the products used in daily life, steady efforts have been made to secure the safety. Among them, the products equipped with wheels such as strollers, shopping carts, and carriers can occur the safety accidents by unintended over speed at a ramp. Therefore, development of speed limit device is required to prevent such accidents. However, the existing speed limit devices are very expensive and have a complex drive principle, so it's generally difficult to apply them. In this study, a simple speed limit wheel is suggested which can replace the previous complex and inconvenient speed limit devices. The developed speed limit wheel can be simply applied to existing products by changing the wheels. In addition, it has an advantage to operate only by mechanical mechanism without power supply. Thus it can minimize the cost and waste of resources. For this purpose, the operating condition of the target products was analyzed, and trochoid gear mechanisms were selected for the speed limit. Based on this, finite element analysis was conducted to estimate the operating mechanism. After the prototype of the wheel was produced, the performance under various conditions was tested and has been improved.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.1731-1741
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• 2014

교통수요의 증가에 따른 교통혼잡을 피하기 위하여 고가도로와 고속도로, 경전철 등이 활발히 건설되고 있으며, 이에 따라 접속부 등과 같은 곡률반경이 작은 곡선교 구간의 발생이 증가하고 있다. 초기에는 직선형의 주형을 연결하여 곡선을 이루는 방법을 사용하였으나, 공사비의 증가와 미관성 측면에서 용이하지 않아 강재를 사용한 곡선주형이 개발되어 적용되고 있다. 강재의 특성상 기하학적인 형상을 구현하는데 상대적으로 손쉽기 때문에 대부분의 곡선교에서는 강재를 이용한 강박스 거더교를 주로 사용하고 있다. 그러나 강박스 거더교는 초기 공사비가 고가이고, 도장과 같은 지속적인 유지관리가 필요한 문제점을 가지고 있다. 최근에는 I형 강재 플레이트 거더를 사용하는 방법이 활발히 연구되고 있으나 곡선 I형상의 특성상 개단면이고 얇은 플레이트를 사용하기 때문에 비틀림 강성이 매우 작아 안전성에 문제가 있는 것으로 지적되고 있다. 이러한 곡선강교의 대안으로 경제성과 안전성이 확보되는 프리캐스트 PSC 곡선거더가 제시되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 프리캐스트 PSC 곡선거더를 효율적으로 제작할 수 있는 스마트 몰드 시스템을 개발하고 이를 적용한 2주형 40m 실물교량의 정적 휨 파괴 실험을 통하여 안전성을 확인하고자 한다. 제작단계에서 단일 거더는 곡률반경에 의해 거더의 전도에 대한 안정성이 문제가 있으나 가로보로 연결된 멀티거더는 하중분배가 적절히 이루어지며 안정성이 확보되는 것으로 나타났다. 정적구조 실험결과에서는 균열하중(1,400 kN)이 설계하중(450 kN)의 약 3배 이상 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 허용처짐량에 해당하는 하중은 설계하중의 4배인 1,800 kN에서 발생하여 사용성과 안전성이 모두 확보되는 것으로 나타났다.