• Journal of Wetlands Research
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.153-160
• /
• 2020

Most studies defined microplastic (MP) as plastic particles less than 5 mm. The ubiquity of MP is raising awareness due to its potential risk to humans and the environment. MP can cause harmful effects to humans and living organisms. This paper review aimed to provide a better understanding of the sources, pathways, and impacts of MP in the environment. MP can be classified as primary and secondary in nature. Moreover, microplastic can also be classified as based on its physical and chemical characteristics. Stormwater and wastewater are important pathways of introducing MP in large water bodies. As compared to stormwater, the concentrations of MP in wastewater were relatively lower since wastewater treatment processes can contribute to the removal of MP. In terms of polymer distribution, wastewater contains a wider array of polymer varieties than stormwater runoff. The most common types of polymer found in wastewater and stormwater runoff were polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The continuous discharge and the increasing number of MP in the environment can pose greater hazards and harmful effects on humans and other living organisms. Despite the growing number of publications in relation to MP, further studies are needed to define concrete regulations and management strategies for mitigating the detrimental effects of MP in the environment.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.20 no.12
• /
• pp.493-501
• /
• 2019

This paper describes nurses' perceptions toward parental participation in pediatric intensive care units (PICU). Qualitative data were collected from five nurses working at two PICUs in Seoul through individual in-depth interviews. The interviews were conducted from January to February 2016 and analyzed using traditional content analysis. Five categories were found for the parent participation in PICU: needs, attributes, benefits, barriers, and facilitating strategies for parent participation in PICU. Nurses acknowledged the necessities and benefits of parent participation, particularly in PICU, considering the parents' emotional burdens due to the critical health condition of their child as well as the limited visiting policy. The major barriers were a lack of knowledge and the skills of nurses to facilitate parent participation, nurses' heavy workloads, and lack of policies and guidelines supporting parent participation within the PICUs and hospitals. The participants indicated that organizational facilitating-strategies, such as education for nurses about meaning and skills of parent participation in PICU, raising awareness for nurses as well as parents, and ensuring professional staff dedicated to promoting parent participation, to be significant factors. Further study will be needed to develop nursing interventions to integrate parent participation in PICU care.

• Korean Business Review
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.59-79
• /
• 2005

recently, world is progressing large quantity consumption with continuous Innovation and economic growth and pollution is accelerated at these process. Increase of industry activity and service that is point of corporation activity is discharging environmental pollutants at whole process to manufacture of end product and exhaust process from acquisition of raw material for accompanied product production hereupon. At the same time, being promoting resources consumption by that use much raw material, As a result, is becoming obstacle factors in sustainable development. So, corporation's responsibility for environmental protection is emphasized. Corporation which must prepare in green round or environmental problems should consider environmental effects that is happened over whole life of products that include waste treatment after raw material acquisition and use as well as selling end product simply. A Life Cycle Assessment techniques is normalized and standardized in International Standard Organization for technical committee 207(TC 207) world widely, and effort to apply in corporation's activity because mastering LCA techniques in domestic several corporations is undergone actively. Coming into effect of Kyoto's Protocol and International Organization for Standard 14000 series revision are presenting new survival principle in competition between country or corporation. LCA technique may become very useful means to corporation which wish to attempt environment management in real condition that awareness for environment is important. Also, An LCA to each product is going to cause big effects in corporation's whole image as well as competitive power raising for single product. Therefore, this research wishes to examine some instances for the future competitive product development at the estimation of environmental friendliness using LCA techniques and more theoretical considerations of the LCA techniques that can dominate corporation's fate.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• v.16 no.6
• /
• pp.124-135
• /
• 2015

As many countries have been raising awareness of environmental issues, greater efforts for eco-friendly construction have been made in both governmental and private sectors. However, assessment circumstances for building energy performance and green building standard of legislation are still based on two dimension and handwork. This takes time, cost and labor, and makes assessment inaccurate and inefficient. Therefore, this study suggests methods to improve eco-friendly construction permission process and to automatize open BIM-based assessment of Energy Performance Index (EPI) among several eco-friendly construction certification standards. First, it analyzes the relations between assessment criteria and IFC data, and provides solutions to problems and limitations. Second, it applies the solutions to assessment program in order to automatize open BIM-based assessment for EPI. The eco-friendly construction permission process with these solutions applied will reduce time, cost, and labor by simplifying and automatizing the tasks. Also, the simplified process of design revision will improve not only productivity and efficiency but also accuracy and reliability.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.118-124
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study was to explore the ecological aesthetic features and the implications for ecological landscape design by analyzing the design philosophy and ecological artworks of Patricia Johanson, an ecological artist. Literature review and a field visit were conducted to investigate Johanson's four art projects that express the functional purpose, artistry, and locality of symbiosis with nature and restoration of ecosystem habitats. As the results of analysis, first, Johanson's work created 'functional art work' and 'artistic infrastructure'. Second, the historical and regional characteristics were expressed artistically and symbolically. Third, Johanson is characterized by connecting humans and nature through the publicity of works of art, and raising the awareness of preservation of nature and environment among the community and children. Johanson's innovative works can provide inspiration for landscape architects pursuing functional and sustainable landscape design.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.17 no.5
• /
• pp.337-356
• /
• 2017

The purpose of the research is to explore the main cause and effect of successful marriage that Korean husbands, who are multicultural families had. To do the research, the experiment has been done with 7 husbands for 2 months. The 7 husbands took depths interview and analyzed the result by grounded theory approach. As a result, the husband experienced 'repentance of marriage' because of 'unready marriage', but 'Raising children', 'Helping housework' and 'recognition from friends and colleague' have affected the husbands to have a successful marriage adaptation. Based on the result, a political and practical proposal has been proposed to the Korean husbands who are multi-cultural family. Here are the examples of the proposal. As a social welfare policy, 'obligation of information offering for prospective spouse', 'following the Labor Standards and parental leave', 'expansion of visiting supervise system' and 'making guidance for husbands and distribute map of Immigration Office, Multicultural Family Support Center and Community Center' have proposed. And as an alternative plan for a practical social welfare policy and continuous social awareness improvement, 'various education program', 'a program with domestic married couple', 'a program with parents-in-law', 'a specific program to increase the housework participation for husbands' and necessity of development and practice of group program for husband have been emphasized.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
• /
• no.43
• /
• pp.61-85
• /
• 2014

The aim of this study is to examine how labour transition of female householders is proceeded, and to identify mechanisms that cause them to be excluded from labor market. For this, thirteen lone mothers who have had labor experience in the market, while raising children were interviewed. This qualitative case study was proceeded by way of participants' interviews and questionnaires. Finding shows, impoverished lone mothers were horizontally moving incessantly on second labor market. As poverty worsens by years, poor lone mothers tend to be more dependant on the government's support and to transit downward to work-poor labor market. The unprivileged women were excluded from multi-dimentions: market structure, social relations and gender norms. The sex-segmental and human capital-oriented market has excluded women who gave up their career for caring. Female breadwinners were frequently excluded from social relations and opportunities for labor due to their stigma. sometimes they were self-excluded from the market for they had to care for their children. In conclusion, suggestions are given to enhance qualities of lone mother's lives and help them exit from poverty. It is necessary to implement positive labor policy with labor flexibility and stability and to practice socialization of care as care support system is very important for maintaining their jobs. Above all, social awareness of gender role must be changed.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
• /
• v.46
• /
• pp.379-409
• /
• 2017

The villainous characters of the Marquis de Sade do not regard pity and consternation that one usually feels at the sight of poor people as natural. Such feelings are simply rejected. Therefore, Sade's characters immediately suggest that the hospitals established by religious congregations under the Ancien Regime should disappear. However, it is important to note that enlightened thinkers are aware of the abuses caused by hospitals at that time, claiming that they are to be blamed for the worsening situation of the poor. Thus, the General Assembly of the Constituents tried to nationalize the possessions of the hospitals, going as far as abolishing every charity institution. This article aims at linking Sade's hatred for hospitals to the issues his contemporaries raise about charity institutions. More particularly, revolutionary thinkers want to replace the considerably rich hospitals with small hospices or domiciliary care. Such actions will help reduce national budget spending and simplify the administrative procedures. Sade's libertines view poverty issues in the society from different perspectives: philosophical, political and economic. Let us not forget that they insist on social assistance systems which would suit both the ideals and the circumstances of the new Republic. We understand that Sade took precautions against the impending return of religion and monarchy, which were expelled by the Revolution. Under the Ancien Regime, people tolerated hospitals on the pretext that they arouse natural feelings such as beneficence and compassion. Well, to say the least, Sade is not wrong in raising awareness on this issue.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.16 no.11
• /
• pp.57-67
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine the issues of school arts & culture education policy in Korea, using the four dimensional model of Cooper, Fusarelli, & Randall(2004). Research method is literature analysis, the accumulated policy documents and academic papers were used as the basis data. As a result, the followings are required for effective policy outcome: From the normative dimension, overcoming the pursuit of national growth ideology and bureaucratic rationality; from the structural dimension, securing of practical forms and content through the reform to the teacher mandate system in curriculum operation; from the constituentive dimension, clear division of roles among members through the change of awareness about arts & culture education; and finally from the technical dimension, rational allocation of resources based on firm educational criteria. Building upon the results, promotion of basic academic research, accepting the opinions of arts & culture education parties concerned, expansion of opportunities for cultural art experience of teachers, building up the integrated arts & culture education teacher training system, the reorganization of the teacher training system, and raising the professionalism of teaching artists.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.109-132
• /
• 2022

The purpose of this study is to improve the level of records management by enhancing the risk management in university archives. Through surveys and post-interviews, the current status of risk management in university archives was investigated, the results of the investigation were analyzed to identify problems and limitations in risk management in university archives, and the following suggestions for improvements were made. First, the legal effects of risk management should be strengthened in the Public Records Management Act, and matters related to risk management should be stipulated. Second, the National Archives of Korea should actively intervene to identify problems in risk management in university archives and provide appropriate support for problem-solving. Third, the identity of university archives as independent organizations should be secured for the implementation of professional and active records management tasks. Fourth, standards and manuals reflecting risk management practices for university archives should be prepared. Fifth, a sufficient budget must be secured to meet all necessary requirements for risk management. Lastly, cooperation in the performance of records management and risk management tasks should be achieved by raising awareness of university archives and their records management tasks among the heads of the institutions and members of the organizations.