• 대한수학회보
• /
• 제34권3호
• /
• pp.385-394
• /
• 1997

In this paper, we prove in p-uniforlmy convex space a fixed point theorem for a class of mappings T satsfying: for each x, y in the domain and for n = 1, 2, 3, $\cdots$, $$ \left\$\mid$ T^n x - T^n y \right\$\mid$ \leq a \cdot \left\$\mid$ x - y \right\$\mid$ + b(\left\$\mid$ x - T^n x \right\$\mid$ + \left\$\mid$ y - T^n y \right\$\mid$) + c(\left\$\mid$ c - T^n y \right\$\mid$ + \left\$\mid$ y - T^n x \right\$\mid$, $$ where a, b, c are nonnegative constants satisfying certain conditions. Further we establish some fixed point theorems for these mappings in a Hilbert space, in $L^p$ spaces, in Hardy spaces $H^p$ and in Sobolev spaces $H^{p,k}$ for 1 < p < $\infty$ and k $\leq$ 0. As a consequence of our main result, we also the results of Goebel and Kirk [7], Lim [8], Lifshitz [12], Xu [20] and others.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.21-43
• /
• 2013

Internet vendors are gradually realizing the importance of "locking-in" online customers in order to ensure profitability. Erection of switching barriers increases customers'lock-in and in turn may result in their willingness to pay price-premium for the same service. However, raising customer lock-in online is difficult because search costs are very low. Therefore, this study examines the effect of switching barriers (customer satisfaction, perceived value and relative advantage) on switching costs and the effect of switching costs on customer's willingness to pay more. Since switching costs and consequent relationships may depend upon the type of product therefore the research model in this study is examined for both search products and experience products. Data is collected through an online survey from two websites (one each for search product and experience product). The empirical results show the key role of switching costs in customers' willingness to pay more and the relationships among the four constructs. The theoretical and practical implications of this study are also discussed.

• Earthquakes and Structures
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.233-250
• /
• 2014

In this paper, a three dimensional soil-structure interaction (SSI) is numerically simulated using finite element method in order to analyse the foundation moments in annular raft of tall slender chimney structures incorporating the effect of openings in the structure and the effect of soil flexibility, when the structure-soil system is subjected to El Centro (1940) ground motion in time domain. The transient dynamic analysis is carried out using LS-DYNA software. The linear ground response analysis program ProShake has been adopted for obtaining the ground level excitation for different soil conditions, given the rock level excitation. The radial and tangential bending moments of annular raft foundation obtained from this SSI analysis have been compared with those obtained from conventional method according to the Indian standard code of practice, IS 11089:1984. It is observed that tangential and radial moments increase with the increase in flexibility of soil. The analysis results show that the natural frequency of chimney decreases with increase in supporting soil flexibility. Structural responses increase when the openings in the structure are also considered. The purpose of this paper is to propose the need for an accurate evaluation of the soilstructure interaction forces which govern the structural response.

• 지식경영연구
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.89-108
• /
• 2015

Social networking communities (SNCs) are media designed to facilitate social interaction using highly accessible and scalable publishing techniques. SNCs can constitute individuals' their own profiles in the online environment and share texts, images and photos in a variety ways. In other words, one of the other motivators is knowledge sharing. Various sites, such as Facebook, Orkut, MySpace, and Hi5 are categorized as SNCs. SNCs have become increasingly popular in recent years among youths, especially students, who use them to build social networks. This study examines whether this usage of SNCs inculcates a sense of community among their members. Several studies have examined the role of a sense of community through increased usage in the context of virtual communities. Although this result may be true of virtual communities, this paper contends that the opposite relationship prevails in the case of SNCs because members interact to build networks and are not obliged to interact. The results reveal that maintaining long-term interactions in the SNCs is helpful in building a sense of community in SNCs. Although short-term usage may not boost the development of a sense of community in SNCs, it does matter if the premise is for a long-term commitment to SNCs. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.13-23
• /
• 2017

Purpose - Pleasing ambient colors, music, scent, layout and salespeople are hypothesized to positively impact shoppers' perceptions about the atmosphere of a store. Few studies on the interactive effect of these atmospheric factors have earlier been undertaken. This paper looks at the interactive effect of color on the other predictor variables. Research design, data, and methodology - This study is from field locations in the shopping malls located in Delhi NCR. A descriptive study was undertaken to decipher the interactive effect of color with music, scent, layout and salespeople. Moderation of color on music, scent, layout and salespeople is regressed on store atmospherics. The authors investigate the effects of color, light, music, scent, layout and salespeople on store atmospherics in a retail context. They also study the interactive effect of color with predictor variables which significantly influence the perception of store atmospherics. Results - The paper reveals that music, scent, layout and salespeople influence customer's perception about store atmospherics. The interactive effect of color with scent, layout and sales people influence customer's perception about store atmospherics significantly. It does not moderate with layout and music. Conclusions - Store color is important in predicting store atmospherics. Care is needed to ensure that the effects of different environmental stimuli match.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.32-37
• /
• 2023

Background: Type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) is an emerging global pandemic which is associated with lots of co-morbidities and reported vascular dysfunctions. T2DM associated vascular dysfunctions leads to vasculopathy in the form of altered peripheral vascular dynamics. Cold stress test (CST) is a reliable sympathetic reactivity test used for assessing vascular dysfunctions. In this study we are trying to quantify vascular dysfunctions in T2DM patients non invasively by various parameters of photoplethysmography (PPG) of cold stress test. Methods: Case control study had done in referral health center AIIMS, Raipur. Parameters are recorded by finger-PPG before, during and after CST (1 min) in 2 groups, control (n = 20 healthy volunteers) and case (n = 20 diagnosed T2DM patients). Results: Due to cold stress, PPG parameter peak amplitude was significantly decreased in both healthy and T2DM groups (p <0.001 and p <0.001, respectively). However, recovery trend of amplitude was significantly slow in T2DM compared to healthy subjects. Another PPG parameter peak to peak interval was significantly higher in healthy group compared to T2DM patients. Conclusions: This study showed that T2DM patients has significant deranged pulse volume parameters like amplitude and peak to peak interval can be used to objectively quantify the vasculopathy in T2DM patients by using sympathetic reactivity to cold stress.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
• /
• 제31권1호
• /
• pp.1-16
• /
• 2021

Cyberbullying has become a social problem as malicious text messages and online comments among teenagers have increased in the late 2000s. Some serious reporting has attempted to impress on us the need to pay more attention to reducing malicious online content as a typical type of cyberbullying. Meanwhile, despite environmental changes that have made it easier to report perpetrators of such messages, it is often the case that the crime occurs in a public place and is tolerated. However, there is a growing tendency for people to exhibit the bystander effect, the problem of personal indifference to witnessing or knowing about crimes, but individuals do not offer any means of help to a victim when other people are present. This effect is rampant in the case of cybercrimes. This study aims to extract the motivations behind posting malicious comments through in-depth interviews and to suggest recommendations for relative issues by demonstrating how the bystander effect can be reduced using causal relationship diagrams of the system dynamics methodology. Hopefully, this work will contribute to a better understanding of factors that could cause a decrease in malicious online comments.