• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.117-124
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• 2012

There have been recently introduced new types of urban metro vehicles called LRT (Light Rail Transit) running on elevated guideway such as Uijeongbu VAL(which stands for V$\acute{e}$hicule Automatique L$\acute{e}$ger: Automatic Light Rail Vehicle) system, Yong-In LIM(Linear Induction Motor) system, Incheon international airport MAGLEV(Magnetic Levitated Vehicle) system and Daegu monorail system. Most of accidents by the vehicles are bound to happen on elevated guideway. Therefore, it is of vital importance to analyze hazards related to vehicles running on elevated guideway and study emergency evacuation scenarios applicable in case of accidents on elevated guideway so as to secure the safety of the new types of urban metro vehicles. In this study, FTA(Fault Tree Analysis) model was developed to identify all possible hazards, and all possible evacuation scenarios were studied. It was also confirmed that each hazard can be corresponded to one or more evacuation scenarios. This result shows that passengers can be evacuated according to one of the scenarios identified in this study in case of an accident of "Train Stranded on Elevated Guideway".

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.43-52
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• 2008

Human errors are now considered as the most significant source of accidents or incidents in large-scale systems such as aircraft, vessels, railway, and nuclear power plants. As 61% of the train accidents in Korea railway involving collisions, derailments and fires were caused by human errors, there is a strong need for a systematic research that can help to prevent human errors. Although domestic railway operating companies use a variety of methods for analyzing human errors, there is much room for improvement. Especially, because most of them are based on written papers, there is a definite need for a well-developed computerized system supporting human error analyzing tasks. The purpose of this study is to propose a framework for a computerized human error analysis system focused on the railway industry on the basis of human error analysis mechanism. The proposed framework consists of human error analysis (HEA) module, similar accident tracking (SAT) module, cause factor recommendation (CFR) module, cause factor management (CFM) module, and statistics (ST) module.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.484-489
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• 2002

Whenever the accidents occur in the railway areas, their prompt recovery is very important. The individual way has been used to resolve these accidents by direct visiting the site and reporting to others who cares for these cases. As a result, we are planning to operate the MTS (Moving picture Transmission System) for a timely information's transmission to the related peoples in the central control center by transforming the picture information on the accident-site to the digital information. The proposed system is not a transmission system using exclusive lines, but utilizing the existing railway computer network. We construct a network server device so that a dispatcher can easily connect with the server through the railway intranet. In some railway environments such as disturbed field situations and geographical condition(in tunnels and bridges, etc) building up the wired network is difficult. Solving this problem, we reviewed the wireless network. Finally we proposed the mixed wireless network that is able to cover the wired network. We then installed and tested the wired network and wireless network respectively in wayside of a railway field. Through the testing, we identified many detailed matters for some network construction approaches to the control room and many field device-connecting schemes. This research will contribute to minimize the number of staff dispatched to a disturbed field, decrease the accident recovery time and improve the quality of service to the passenger.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.122-128
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• 2013

As a result of investment in railway safety focusing on passenger safety, the train accident rate has been reduced by half domestically and we have reached a high level of safety compared to other countries and other transportation modes. However, accidents related to staff are still at a high ratio compared to other countries. There have been few studies on staff safety and no relevant systematic safety measures have been implemented. More than 90% of staff fatalities occurred from rolling stock in motion and electrification, which are representative railway accidents. In this study, causes of accidents, and current safety measures for staff are analyzed focusing on trains in motion. The results can be utilized for developing new safety measures.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2006.11b
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• pp.1065-1081
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• 2006

The purpose of this paper is to suggest Korean regulatory requirements of railway drivers' qualifications. The qualification of railway drivers is one of major factors that should be managed to reduce human error induced incidents/accidents. We have collected those domestic/foreign cases for suggesting Korean regulatory requirements of railway drivers' qualifications. And we have analysed them to derive some regulatory requirements reducing human error. Finally, we have done preliminary FGI(focused group interview) to vitrificate and validate the regulatory requirements.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.41-48
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• 2008

Enhanced machine reliability has dramatically reduced the rate and number of railway accidents but for further reduction human error should be considered together that accounts for about 20% of the accidents. Therefore, the objective of this study was to suggest a new taxonomy of performance shaping factors (PSFs) that could be utilized to identify the causes of a human error associated with railway accidents. Four categories of human factor, task factor, environment factor, and organization factor and 14 sub-categories of physical state, psychological state, knowledge/experience/ability, information/communication, regulation/procedure, specific character of task, infrastructure, device/MMI, working environment, external environment, education, direction/management, system/atmosphere, and welfare/opportunity along with 131 specific factors was suggested by carefully reviewing 8 representative published taxonomy of Casualty Analysis Methodology for Maritime Operations (CASMET), Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method (CREAM), Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS), Integrated Safety Investigation Methodology (ISIM), Korea-Human Performance Enhancement System (K-HPES), Rail safety and Standards Board (RSSB), $TapRoot^{(R)}$, and Technique for Retrospective and Predictive Analysis of Cognitive Errors (TRACEr). Then these were applied to the case of the railway accident occurred between Komo and Kyungsan stations in 2003 for verification. Both cause decision chart and why-because tree were developed and modified to aid the analyst to find causal factors from the suggested taxonomy. The taxonomy was well suited so that eight causes were found to explain the driver's error in the accident. The taxonomy of PSFs suggested in this study could cover from latent factors to direct causes of human errors related with railway accidents with systematic categorization.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.1-7
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• 2013

Train accidents can be directly connected to fatal accidents-collision, derailment, Fire, railway crossing accidents-resulting in tremendous human casualties. First of all, the railway derailment is not only related to most of railway accidents but also it can lead to much more catastrophic accompanying train overtured than other factors. Therefore, it is most important factor to ensure railway safety. some foreign countries have applied to the detector machines(e.g., ultrasonic detector car, sleep mode, current detector, optical sensing, optical fiber). Since it was developed in order to prevent train from being derailed. In korea, the existing track method has been used to monitor rail condition using track circuit. However, we found out it impossible for Communication Based Train Control system(CBTC), recent technology to detect rail condition using balise(data transmission devices) without no track circuit. For this reason, it is needed instantly to develop real-time monitoring system used to detect broken rails. Firstly, this paper presents domestic and international statues analysis of rail breaks technology. Secondly, the composition and the characteristics of the real-time monitoring system. Finally, the evidence that this system could assumed the location and type of broken rails was proved by the experiment of prototype and operation line tests. We concluded that this system can detect rail break section in which error span exist within${\pm}1m$.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.1725-1731
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• 2010

This paper aims to find out the statistical characteristics of the railroad accidents by weather phenomena. For this, It is investigated occurrence frequency of railroad accidents and operation obstacles from 1996 to 2008 in Korea using the KROIS data and Korea railroad accidents reports. The results are as follows; The occurrence frequency of railroad accidents and operation obstacles decrease gradually, and most of railroad accidents is a railroad traffic accidents. The amount of damages by a railroad weather-related accidents is higher than the one of the railroad accidents and operation obstacles. Weather events which is influenced the railroad weather-related accidents and incidents are rainfall, snowfall, lightning, strong winds. And they have occurred a railroad weather-related accidents and incidents, such as rail obstruction, signal failure, and power supply failure.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.558-563
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• 2007

Walking passenger injury accidents in and around stations have increased in recent years, and passengers are now more aware of being able to claim compensation for such accidents. Therefore, it is anticipated that station managers and owners will need to take measures to improve the condition of walking areas so that performance objectives are met an the compensation paid for passenger accidents is limited. The aim of this study covers the following: accidents statics and contributory factors, station flooring and footway material, guidance for flooring, and test methods for slipperiness and surface profile.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.442-451
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• 2011

The purpose of this article is to find out and analyze the diverse factors that are incurring stress to the railway drivers, and to depict the moderating effects of personality factors(Locus of Control, Self-Efficacy, and Organization-Based Self Esteem) on the causal relationship between job stressors and job satisfaction in two groups(drivers who experienced accidents and drivers who did not). To attain this purpose, the 212 questionnaires received from the drivers of KORAIL, Seoul Metro, and Seoul Metropolitan Rapid Transit. Most crucial finding was that certain aspects of a driver's personalities measured by locus of control, self-efficacy, and organization-based self esteem showed significant moderating effects in predicting the level of job satisfaction, job stress and accidents. This result implies that the drastic testing of personality factors is so important when staffing drivers in the future.