• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.40-46
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• 2006

Hepatoma is one of 3 most common malignancies in Korea, the survival rate is not improved since last decades because of delayed diagnosis and limited treatment conditions. Radiation was one of treatment options but the impact on the survival is not remarkable. High dose exposure to target area was suggested for improved effect but low tolerance dose of normal liver tissue is the main limited factor. IMRT is the advanced form of 3DCRT, for focusing high dose on target with minimal dose to surrounding normal tissues. Motion of the tumor by respiration, cardiac pulsation and peristalsis is the main treatment harrier of IMRT for treatment of hepatoma patients. Development of QA technique for acceptable geometrical uncertainties and dose error on target volume is essential for IMRT in clinical treatment but proper QA technique is not yet developed. This study compared the verification film dosimetry with measured dose in phantom and calculated dose in planning computer on exactly same conditions of patient treatments. Within 3% dose differences between 3 groups were confirmed. We suggest that our verification QA technique is easy, economic, iterative and acceptable in clinical application for advanced hepatoma patients.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.247-251
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• 2004

UV radiation exerts various influences in the skin, including photoaging and inflammation (1). The MMPs (Matrix metalloproteinases), which are induced by UV irradiation, can degrade matrix proteins, and these results in a collagen deficiency in photodamaged skin that leads to skin wrinkling. It has been known that the production of PGE$_2$ stimulates MMPs expression, and inhibits procollagen (2). Thus, it is possible that the induction of MMPs and the inhibition of matrix protein synthesis by UV -induced PGE$_2$ may play some role in UV-induced collagen deficiency in photoaged skin. Fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP), a glycolytic metabolite, is reported to have cytoprotective effects against ischemia and postischemic reperfusion injury of brain and heart, presumably by augmenting anaerobic carbohydrate metabolism (3). And also, FDP significantly prevent skin aging by decreasing facial winkle compared with vehicle alone after 6 months of use. We studied the mechanism of anti-aging effect of FDP on UVB-irradiated HaCaT keratinocyte model. FDP has protective role in UVB injured keratinocyte by attenuating prostaglandin E$_2$ (PGE$_2$) production and COX-2 expression. And FDP also suppressed UVB-induced MMP-2 expression. Further, to delineate the inhibition of UVB-induced COX-2 and MMPs expression with cell signaling pathways, treatment of FDP to HaCaT keratinocytes resulted in marked inhibition of UVB-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2, JNK. It also prevents UV induced NFB translocation, which are activated by cellular inflammatory signal. Our results indicate that FDP has protecting effects in UV-injured skin aging by decreasing UVB-induced COX-2 and MMPs expression, which are possibly through blocking UVB-induced signal cascades.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.643-653
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• 2020

This study is a descriptive research study to identify the relationship between cancer fatigue, quality of sleep, environmental sleep disturbance, and comfort perceived by hospitalized cancer patients. Data were collected with structured questionnaires from 113 cancer patients from a university hospital in J city, Gyengnam, from September 17 to November 5, 2019, and analyzed using SPSS 21.0, using independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression. The subjects' Comfort is significantly different depending on education level, Cancerous type, Radiation treatment status, Usual exercise status. The result showed that comfort was negatively correlated with cancer fatigue(r=-.609, p<.001), quality of sleep(r=-.478, p<.001), and environmental sleep disturbance(r=-.297, p=.001). The variables that had a significant effect on comfort were cancer fatigue(β=-.42, p<.001), subjective quality of sleep(β=-.30, p=.001), and cancer type(β=-.18, p<.015), and the explanatory power was 46.1%(F=27.24, p<.001). Based on these results, it is necessary to develop a program to improve the quality of sleep and to reduce the cancer fatigue by cooperating with medical and nursing staff in multidisciplinary ways to enhance the comfort of hospitalized cancer patients.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.141-148
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• 2013

The harmful effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation by increasing sun exposure are making people use sunscreens casually. To keep pace with this trend, many researches about mixing different ingredients or extracting effective ingredients from natural materials are conducted by cosmetics industry. In the present study, we evaluated the UV blocking effect of the sunscreen containing Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi extract. 10 volunteers were measured by minimal erythema dose (MED) and sun protection factor (SPF) of each product. The SPF results were $34.52{\pm}2.13$ and $32.67{\pm}1.44$ in the sunscreen containing Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi extract and that of not containing the substance, respectively. Although the difference of SPF between two products was statistically not significant, it is thought to be meaningful in evaluating clinical effects of the sunscreen using natural substance to humans without any adverse reaction.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.19-24
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• 2010

This study was conducted to clarify effects on the germination, survival rate of seedlings, growth and variation induction of variants in gamma rays irradiated seed of lilac pink (Dianthus superbus var. longicalycinus) and nursery spiraea (Caryopteris incana). Seed germination and its germination rate were delayed over 90 Gy for lilac pink and 80 Gy for nursery psiraea. Fifty percent lethal time (LT50) level for lilac pink and nursery psiraea were 150 Gy and 100 Gy, respectively. Lilac pink and nursery psiraea were grown dwarf over 120 Gy treatment. We have produced 17 variants of lilac pink in $M_1$ generation, and selected the promising 4 variants in $M_2$ generation. We have also made 7 variants of nursery psiraea in $M_1$ generation, and selected the favorable 8 variants in $M_2$ generation.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.319-327
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• 1981

In order to reproduce and improve the Korean traditional Kochujang(fermented hot pepper-soybean paste), traditional and improved Kochujang Koji were prepared according to the standard method investigated in Chunrabookdo area and combined the raw materials of Kochujang by the traditional habit. Amino nitrogen contents were higher in improved Kochujang than in traditional one, those were in the range from 83 to 106 mg% immediately after brewing and 191 to 313 mg% at the end stage of brewing. Water soluble and ammonia nitrogen contents were most high in the improved Kochujang which was mixed with sodium chloride and brewed soysauce as seasoning. The content of reducing sugar of traditional Kochujang was higher than that of improved one during the brewing. Ethyl alcohol contents of all Kochujang samples were 0.04% at the early stage of brewing and that reached above 2.5% after $40{\sim}50$ days brewing.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.669-675
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• 1989

Fresh mushroom (Agaricus bisporus L.) was irradiated (0, 1, 2, 3kGy) and kept for 20 days at 9{\pm}1^{\circ}C\;and\;80{\pm}7%$ RH. Parameters of qualities were investigated on the physical and physiological characteristics. The pileus and stipe on nonirradiated mushroom were expanded and elongated from the 3rd day of storage, there by losing the acceptability as edible samples. After 5 days of storage, 2 to 3kGy of gamma irradiation were especially effective for controllong natural maturation and senescence of fresh mushrooms and so irradiated mushrooms were acceptable more than 20days storage. The texture of irradiated samples was superior to that of nonirradiated samples, even though softening of the tissue occurred during storage. Weight loss was greatest in the nonirradiated sample due to evaporation from an increased surface area resulting from expansion and ripending, which were retarded in the 2 to 3kGy irradiated samples after 5days of storage. These results suggest that the irradiation dose of 2 to 3kGy is apparently effective to extend the shelf life of fresh mushrooms stored at the above-mentioned condition.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.238-241
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• 2008

Astragalus membranaceus have used as a medicinal herb and food in Korea. It is limited its harvest by diseases, pests and climate, therefore the main objective of Astragalus membranaceus breeding is the development of varities with the resistance for them. We used mutation breeding to obtain the genetic resources with the resistance for them. Pocheon, the local variety of Astragalus membranaceus, was treated with different levels Y-ray of $100{\sim}600$ Gy. There were investigated the sensitivity on germination and survival rate, plant height and the other characters. Germination rate from 4th day after sowing was significantly decreased above the 300 Gy as compared to the control. Compared to control, the decrements of survival rate were 32, 43, 63, 72, 84 and 89% for 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 and 600 Gy, respectively. The sensitive characters to Y-ray were plant height, number of branches per plant and survival rate, and the insensitive characters were number of leaves, length of leaf, and width of leaf. Plant height, number of branches per plant and survival rate seemed to be appropriate characters to decide the radiosensitivity, and radiation doses of $200{\sim}300$ Gy ($LD_{50}$) were recommend for mutation breeding.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.579-585
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• 2008

The time-dependent evolution of disk mass for outburst limit cycle in a black hole microquasar is calculated based on the non-linear hydrodynamic model of thermally unstable accretion disk. The physical parameters such as black hole mass, disk size and mass transfer rate are adopted to reproduce the historical 1975 outburst observed in a prototype black hole X-ray nova A0620-00. The time-dependent effect of irradiation from the central hot region to the disk is considered in two ways: direct irradiation and indirect irradiation reflected from hot accretion flow above the disk. The accretion disk thermal instability model can account for the bolometric luminosity appropriate to typical characteristics of system luminosity observed in X-ray transients during the whole cycle of the outburst evolution. The maximum mass of the accretion disk, ${\sim}4.03{\times}10^{24}g$, is achieved at the ignition of an outburst, and the minimum value, ${\sim}8.54{\times}10^{23}g$, is reached during the cooling decay to quiescence. The disk mass varies ${\sim}5$ times during outburst limit cycle.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.37 no.5C
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• pp.429-436
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• 2012

In this paper, an RFID system for the automatic preparation system of positron emission tomography (PET) radiopharmaceuticals is developed. Since the preparation system uses radioactive isotope, the preparation system is generally placed in lead-shielded hot-cell. Disposable cassettes including tubes and valves are used in the preparation system, since they are easily contaminated by radioactivity during preparation of radiopharmaceuticals. Currently, a system for preventing re-use of the cassette and managing the information about the preparation precess and result independently from the PC which control the preparation system is highly required for preventing danger from the radiation accident. Since RFID can store and re-write relatively large amount of information, it is suitable for the purpose. However, it is hard to read multiple cassettes' information using antennas installed on the metallic surfaces with current RFID systems. For the problem, we improve RFID system in two directions. First, the interface of the RFID reader is changed then it is possible that multiple readers can be daisy-chained. Also, antenna is tuned while inserting in a metallic coated antenna case, then the effect from the metallic surface of the preparation system is minimized. The test result using the developed system shows that the developed RFID system can read multiple tags using the antennas which are attached on the metallic surface.