• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.23-27
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• 2007

Rotary stages in semiconductor, display industry and many other fields require challenging accuracy to perform their functions properly. Especially, Axis of rotation error on rotary system is significant; such as the spindle error motion of the aligner, wire bonder and inspector machine which result in the poor quality products. To evaluate and improve the performance of such precision rotary stage, undesired movements on the other 5 degrees of freedom of the rotary stage must be measured and analyzed. In this paper, we have measured the three translations and two tilt motions of the worm gear type spindle with high precision capacitive sensors. To obtain the radial error motion, we have used Donaldson's reversal technique. And the axial components of the spindle tilt error motion can be obtained accurately from the axial direction outputs of sensors by Estler face motion reversal technique. Further more we have designed and developed the sensor mounting jig with standard cylinder for reversal method.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.31-34
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• 2009

홍채의 이동이 눈에 미치는 영향을 광학적으로 분석하고자 한다. 방법: 기존에 설계되어진 Radial GRIN과 Spherical GRIN 형태의 수정체를 갖는 실안과 유사한 정밀모형안을 이용하여 홍채의 위치를 코 방향으로 0.5 mm 편심하여 실제의 눈과 동일하도록 하였다. 또한, 홍채의 위치는 동공의 크기가 증가함에 따라 이동하게 됨을 고려하여 귀 방향으로 0.4 mm 편심하여 눈의 광학적 성능 변화를 각각 분석하였다. 결과: 홍채의 위치를 코 방향으로 0.5 mm 편심시킨 정밀모형안에서 구면수차의 감소로 실안과 비교하여 많은 차이를 보여주고 있으며, 홍채의 위치를 귀 방향으로 0.4 mm 편심한 정밀모형안에서의 구면수차는 실안보다 약간 증가된 성능을 나타냈다. 결론: 홍채의 위치를 코 방향으로 0.5 mm 편심시켜 실안과 보다 유사한 모형안을 설계하는 경우에 있어서는, 눈의 광학적 성능변화에 영향을 미치므로 구면수차와 주변부 굴절력 오차, 비점수차 등의 성능 변화를 고려하여 각 굴절면의 비구면 계수 등 광학상수들에 대한 연구가 필요하다고 사료된다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 춘계 학술발표회
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• pp.715-719
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• 2009

In this study, a method to predict the consolidation behavior of soft clays and marine clays was developed by combining the equation of Terzaghi's 1-dimensional consolidation and CPTu dissipation. The special attention was given to the consolidation anisotropy due to the difference between 1-D consolidation and radial consolidation of CPTu dissipation. The analysis combining two equations enables direct application of CPTu results. And above all it doesn't require to sample undisturbed specimens and determine consolidation coefficient which is both costly and time consuming and often contains measuring error. It is also advantageous that CPTu test can be carried out any position and any depth. Clays typically have a greater horizontal permeability, $k_h$, than vertical permeability, $k_v$, and the coefficient of consolidation in the horizontal direction is generally higher than the vertical direction. Various data of horizontal and vertical consolidation coefficient ratio were collected and analyzed to develop and verify the method.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1995년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1005-1008
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• 1995

The spindle is a very important part of machine tool. The evaluation of spindle motion is required for improving the performance of machine tools. The evaluation tools have been developed for precison spindle by the reversal technique, and 3D error map motion of spindle is proposed. This technique makes us understand the total movement of spindle more easily. The proposed technique has been successfully applied to practical machine tools, giving high potentials for the spindle performance measurement.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.347-356
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• 2020

In this study, Inclined Geosynchronous Orbit (IGSO) and Geostationary Orbit (GEO) of BeiDou System (BDS) and Quasi Zenith Satellite System (QZSS) satellites positions and clock errors calculated by broadcast ephemeris and compared with Multi-GNSS Experiment (MGEX) products provided by five Analysis Centers (ACs). Root Mean Square Errors (RMSE) calculated for satellite position error. The IGSO results showed that 1.82 m, 0.91 m, 1.28 m in BDS and 1.34 m 0.36 m 0.49 m in QZSS and the GEO results showed that 2.85 m, 6.34 m, 6.42 m in BDS and 0.47 m, 4.79 m, 5.82 m in QZSS in the direction of radial, along-track and cross-track respectively. RMS calculated for satellite clock error. The IGSO result showed that 2.08 ns and 1.24 ns and the GEO result showed that 1.28 ns and 1.12 ns in BDS and QZSS respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.746-756
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 목재 수축률에 관한 1976-2015년도에 발표된 목재공학회지 논문을 정리하였다. 국내산 낙엽송(Larix kaempferi) 수축률을 측정한 연구자들간에 접선방향 수축률은 4.21%-9.79%, 방사방향 수축률은 2.09%-4.67%, 섬유방향 수축률은 0.17%-0.33%로 접선방향 2.3배, 방사방향 2.2배, 섬유방향 1.9배로 연구자들마다 측정 값에 차이가 나타났다. 소나무(Pinus densiflora) 시편 크기가 $20{\times}20{\times}20mm$에서 $100{\times}100{\times}100mm$로 증가함에 따라 접선방향, 방사방향, 부피수축률은 2.61%, 1.32%, 0.80% 감소하였다. 아피통(Dipterocarpus grandiflorus)을 밀폐건조, 오븐건조, 실온건조 하였을 때 부피수축률은 31.6%, 26.5%, 21.0%로 건조방법에 따라 5.5%-10.6% 차이가 나타났으며 건조온도가 $115^{\circ}C$, $120^{\circ}C$, $125^{\circ}C$로 증가함에 따라 낙엽송의 수축률은 일정한 증가, 감소 경향이 보이지 않았다. $20mm^3$ 크기의 삼나무(Cryptomeria japonica) 시편을 한국산업규격(KS F 2203, 2004)에서 제시하는 정밀도 0.01 mm의 길이측정도구로 수축률을 측정하였을 때, 방사, 섬유방향 수축률 측정오차는 1.97%, 35.7%로 크게 나타났다. 목재의 수축률은 시편 크기, 건조방법, 측정방법에 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제31권7호
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• pp.635-642
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• 2014

The large volume multi-tasking vertical lathe was developed for machining the bearing parts for a wind power generator. Although the machined part is large in size high precision tolerances are required recently. One of the most important components to achieve this mission is the rotating table which holds and supports the part to be machined. The oil hydrostatic bearing is adopted for the thrust bearing and the rolling bearing for the radial bearing. In this article experimental performance evaluation and its analysis results are presented. The rotational accuracy of the table is assessed and the frequency domain analysis for the structural loop is performed. And in order to evaluate the structural characteristic of table the moment load experiment is performed. The rotational error motion is measured as below 10 ${\mu}m$ for the radial and axial direction and 22,800 Nm/arcsec of moment stiffness is achieved for the rotary table.

• 한국입자에어로졸학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.163-171
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• 2013

Soot particles emitted from combustion processes are often coated by non-absorbing organic materials, which enhance the global warming effect of soot particles. It is of importance to study the condensation characteristics of soot particles experimentally and theoretically to reduce the uncertainty of the climate impact of soot particles. In this study, the condensational growth of soot particles in a tubular coater was modeled by a one-dimensional (1D) plug flow model and a two-dimensional (2D) laminar flow model. The effects of 2D heat and mass transports on the predicted particle growth were investigated. The temperature and coating material vapor concentration distributions in radial direction, which the 1D model could not accounted for, affected substantially the particle growth in the coater. Under the simulated conditions, the differences between the temperatures and vapor concentrations near the wall and at the tube center were large. The neglect of these variations by the 1D model resulted in a large error in modeling the mass transfer and aerosol dynamics occurring in the coater. The 1D model predicted the average temperature and vapor concentration quite accurately but overestimated the average diameter of the growing particles considerably. At the outermost grid, at which condensation begins earliest due to the lowest temperature and saturation vapor concentration, condensing vapor was exhausted rapidly because of the competition between condensations on the wall and on the particle surface, decreasing the growth rate. At the center of the tube, on the other hand, the growth rate was low due to high temperature and saturation vapor concentration. The effects of Brownian diffusion and thermophoresis were not high enough to transport the coating material vapor quickly from the tube center to the wall. The 1D model based on perfect radial mixing could not take into account this phenomenon, resulting in a much higher growth rate than what the 2D model predicted. The result of this study indicates that contrary to a previous report for a thermodenuder, 2D heat and mass transports must be taken into account to model accurately the condensational particle growth in a coater.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.355-362
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• 2006

A one-dimensional heat conduction problem in cylindrical coordinate system was solved using Crank-Nicolson finite difference method to predicting the temperature distribution in rice storage bin with wall insulator. The model can simulate the grain temperatures in insulated round bins using the input data of initial grain temperature. ambient air temperature, wind velocity, solar radiation on a horizontal surface, and thermal properties of grain, bin wall, wall insulator, insulator cover, and air. Temperatures were collected at the bin center, 0.65m in radial direction from the center, and near the bin wall in 2.7m diameter bin filled with rough rice to depth of 3.0m were used to validate the simulation model. Grain temperatures predicted by the model were in very good agreement with the measured temperatures. The residual mean square error between measured and predicted grain temperatures at the bin center was $1.38^{\circ}C$.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.34-41
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• 2003

Finite element analysis of end-to-end artery/PTFE anastomosis recently have been researched. But, these studies were carried out without the compensation for the error of finite element analysis and assumed the artery and PTFE as the simple cylindrical shape in spite of being the fatty tissue which covers the heart. Therefore, we performed the convergency study with respect to increasing the element numbers and considered the fatty tissue as the elastic foundation in the finite element analysis. The results are as fallow ： 1. An anastomosis with the thinner thickness and larger diameter PTFE than artery could reduce the compliance disagreement. 2. A fatty tissue was affected to reduce the compliance mismatch in the vicinity of anastomosis of different material. Therefore a hypercompliant zone become narrorw and a compliance discrepancy decrease between the artery and the PTFE about 70%. And radial displacement with respect to longitudinal direction of an artery and the PTFE anastomosis was similar to a sectional compliance.