• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.351-367
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• 2020

The pigments of three old and new celestial charts folding screens(『Celestial Chart(Folding Screen)』 and 『Old and New Celestial Charts, Eight-Panel Folding Screen』 of National Folk Museum of Korea and 『Koudou-Nanboku-Ryousouseizu』 of National Diet Library of Japan) were analyzed to estimate their dating. It was estimated that the 『Celestial Charts(Folding Screen)』 was painted using traditional pigments from the Joseon dynasty such as azurite, indigo lake, malachite, atacamite, vermilion, iron oxide, cochineal, gamboge, orpiment, lead white, talc and soot. The green and blue colors of the 『Old and New Celestial Charts, Eight-Panel Folding Screen』 and 『Koudou-Nanboku-Ryousouseizu』 were painted using artificial inorganic pigments such as emerald green and ultramarine blue. These pigments were imported from Europe post the mid-19th century. In the 『Old and New Celestial Chart, Eight-Panel Folding Screen』, only artificial inorganic pigments were used for green and blue colors. However in the 『Koudou-Nanboku-Ryousouseizu』, emerald green and atacamite in green color, and ultramarine blue and indigo lake in blue color were used together. Based on both the results of pigment analysis and the study of star charts and inscriptions, the 『Celestial Charts(Folding Screen)』 was painted post mid-18th century. The 『Koudou-Nanboku-Ryousouseizu』 and 『Old and New Celestial Charts, Eight-Panel Folding Screen』 were painted after green and blue artificial pigments were imported in the mid-19th century. The 『Koudou-Nanboku-Ryousouseizu』 in which both traditional and western artificial pigments were used, can be dated earlier than the 『Old and New Celestial Chart, Eight-Panel Folding Screen』.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.294-303
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• 2012

This study was conducted to compare the preference and satisfaction for Korean traditional foods (Jeonju Bibimbap, Daetongbap, Jeonbokjuk, Jorangiddockguk, Hobakbumbuk, Darkgalbee, Eonyang Bulgogi, Moyackgwa, Insam Jeonggwa, Maejackgwa) in foreigners and Koreans. In this study, 27 foreign and 31 Korean university students were surveyed. Statistical analysis and Mann-Whitney U test were performed using the SPSS statistical package (17.0). The major findings were as follows: 1) Foreigners had higher experience of eating Darkgalbee (84.6%), Jeonju Bibimbap (80.8%), Daetongbap (53.8%), and Jeonbokjuk (53.8%) among Korean traditional foods, whereas their eating experience of Insam Jeonggwa (3.8%), Maejackgwa (11.5%), Moyackgwa (15.4%) and Jorangiddockguk (23.1%) was lower. 2) Foreigners and Koreans both liked sweet taste, but disliked sour taste, bitter taste, garlic flavor, sesame flavor, and soy sauce flavor among the sensory characteristics of Korean traditional foods. 3) Foreigners scored their overall satisfaction of Korean traditional foods in the order of Jeonju Bibimbap ($7.70{\pm}0.95$), Eonyang Bulgogi ($7.62{\pm}2.10$), Daetongbap ($7.59{\pm}1.60$), Darkgalbee ($7.20{\pm}1.56$), and Jeonbokjuk ($6.67{\pm}1.64$), whereas Koreans rated higher scores for Eonyang Bulgogi ($8.28{\pm}1.19$), Darkgalbee ($8.20{\pm}1.00$), Jeonju Bibimbap ($7.73{\pm}1.08$), Jeonbokjuk ($7.69{\pm}1.44$), and Moyackgwa ($7.43{\pm}1.52$).

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.77-86
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• 2013

This study was introduced the short-term effectiveness of Oriental medicine treatment for lumbar disc herniation inpatients. We selected 208 inpatients with a magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)-confirmed lumbar disc herniation since June 2012 until August 2012. Their demographics characterisitics, numeric rating scale(NRS) and Oswestry back-related disability index(ODI) for low or leg pain, lumbar flexion and extension angle were assessed at baseline and when discharged from the hospital. When it measured the straight leg raisingscale(SLR), the low side of the angle was examined. Treatment every patient has received as follow; herbal medicine, bee venom, acupuncture and physical examination, spinal manipulation. NRS of low back pain and leg pain and ODI is $5.6{\pm}2.3$, $4.9{\pm}2.8$ and $45.5{\pm}20.0$, respectively at baseline and $2.8{\pm}1.8$, $2.7{\pm}1.9$ and $27.2{\pm}14.1$, respectively when discharged from the hospital. range of motion(ROM) of lumbar flexion and extension angle and SLR is $70.0{\pm}27.1$, $15.4{\pm}7.2$ and $61.3{\pm}23.0$ respectively at baseline and $80.5{\pm}16.9$, $18.25{\pm}4.1$ and $73.2{\pm}14.0$, respectively when discharged from the hospital. It shows that statistically significant improved(P<0.001). Furthermore, regarding patient satisfaction with the treatment, excellent(33.7%), good(55.4%), normal(10.4%), poor(0.5%), it suggests that most patients(89%) satisfied with the treatment.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.141-153
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• 2000

The several Chinese herbs such as Soon-Ki-Hwal-Hyul-Tang, Bo-Yang-Hwan-O-Tang, Seong-Hyang-Jeong-Ki-San, So-Hap-Hyang-Won and O-Yak-Soon-Ki-San were extracted with water and then lyophilized. For identification of the effect of extracted herbs, they were medicated to 103 patients of cerebrovascular accident for 4 week. They were hospitalized in D-Oriental Medical Hospital from April to August in 1999. The herbs were extracted with water and lyophilized and then, used as samples. The medical history of each patient was detected and analyzed from their medical records. The results were as follows; 1) Each sample (Soon-Ki-Hwal-Hyul-Tang, Bo-Yang-Hwan-O-Tang, Seong-Hyang-Jeong-Ki-San, and O-Yak-Soon-Ki-San) was statistically significant differences of systolic blood pressure(t=4.22, P=0.0004; t=3.44, P=0.0028; t=2.11, P=0.0463; t=3.23, P=0.0052). The statistically significant difference of diastolic blood pressure showed by medicated with Soon-Ki-Hwal-Hyal-Tang, Seong-Hyang-Jeong-Ki-San, and O-Yak-Soon-ki-San (t=2.13, P=0.0459; t=2.68, P=0.0136; t=3.12, P=0.0066). 2) The statistically significant difference of the arm/leg-ROM showed by medicated with Soon-Ki-Hwal-Hyul-Tang, Bo-Yang-Hwan-O Tang, So-Hap-Hyang-Won(t=4.74/4.95, P=0.0002/0.0001; t=2.25/2.44, P=0.0368/0.0248; t=5.85/6.76, P=0.0001/0.0001). 3) In the verbal disorder, Soon-Ki-Hwal-Hyul-Tang, Bo-Yang-Hwan-O-Tang had statistically significant differences(t=4.50, P=0.0002; t=3.32, P=0.0036). 4) In the conscious disorder, Soon-Ki-Hwal-Hyul-Tang, Bo-Yang-Hwan-O-Tang, Seong-Hyang-Jeong-Ki-San, and So-Hap-Hyang-Won had statistically significant differences(t=6.32, P =0.0001; t=8.32, P=0.0001; t=3.74, P=0.0012; t=5.14, P=0.0001). 5) Bovine aortic endothelial cell (BAEC) were cultured in DMEM treating 0.01mg/ml, and 0.1mg/ml of each lyophilized samples for 24 hours. In BAECs were treated by 5 kinds of samples, the effect of So-Hyap-Hyang-Won induced syncytium of adjacent endothelial cells. It may induce the recovering of the damaged blood vessels in cerebrovascular accidental patient by angiogensis of endothelial cells. Therefore, it suggests that the medication of So-Hap-Hyang-Won will help to nursing care for cerebrovascular accidental patients.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.196-211
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 5 weeks self-help management program on reducing depression, promoting Activity of Daily Livings(ADLs), Instrumental Activity of Daily Livings(IADLs), grasping power, hope and self-efficacy for post stroke patients visiting public health care centers in Seoul. This was pre-experimental study, and the subjects were 27 post stroke hemiplegic patients. The program was composed of five sessions and each session had health education on stroke, ROM exercise and recreation. Data were collected from May to November, 2000, and all subjects were asked to complete the Questionnaires, be measured vital signs and grasping power. Data were analyzed with frequency, percent, paired t-test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient using SAS(version 6.12) program. The results were as follows : 1) The scores of ADLs were increased from 27.04 to 28.22 after program, and that was statistically significant(p=.005). 2) The scores of IADLs were increased from 18.70 to 19.78 after program, and that was statistically significant(p=.004). 3) The grasping power of right hand were increased from 21.87kg to 26.93kg after program, and that was statistically significant(p=.002). But the grasping power of left hand were statistically insignificant(p=.919). 4) The scores of depression were decreased from 39.63 to 35.30 after program, and that was statistically significant(p=.030). 5) The scores of hope were increased from 30.89 to 34.15 after program, and that was statistically significant(p=.002). 6) The scores of self-efficacy were increased from 67.70 to 76.37 after program, and that was statistically significant(p=.000). According to the results of this study, the scores of Activity of Daily Livings(ADLs), Instrumental Activity of Daily Livings (IADLs), hope, and self-efficacy and the grasping power were improved and depression was reduced in post stroke patients participating in self-help management program. Therefore we recommend to use self-help management programs as a nursing intervention for the post stroke patient.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.434-439
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• 2013

This study was conducted to compare the dental plaque reduction using various mouthwashes with Quantitative Light induced Fluorescence-Digital (QLF-D). A survey on 20 students was carried out. The students who were at Shingu College. Experimental group was gargled 20 ml of Listerine during 30 seconds and 15 ml of Hexamedine during 60 seconds. Control group was gargled distilled water during 30 second. The data were analyzed with t-test using SPSS 20.0 program. The ratios of control group and experimental group were reduced. Degree of ${\Delta}R30$ and ${\Delta}R70$ Listerine group was a significant difference (p>0.05). Degree of Simple Plaque Score and ${\Delta}R30$ Hexamedine group was a significant difference (p>0.05). There was no significant difference in the distilled water gargle group (p<0.05). The result of this study has the effect of two mouthwashes reduced dental plaque. The evaluation data of this study will be used in clinical application and research about QLF-D.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.73-88
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• 2007

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to find out The effect of Low back pain on the total pattens of Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation(PNF). Methods : The subjects of the study were 62 low back pain patients. They were divided into two groups: 31 in the experimental group and 31 in the control group. the experimental group performed modalities and PNF total patterns three times for a week. the control group performed only modalities and ROM exercise three times for a week. Back muscle strength was measured by a back muscle strength measuring machine, the intensity of pain was measured by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and the level of disability was measured by Oswestry low back pain disability index. Study measurements were compared before and after 6 weeks exercise program. The two groups of subjects were assessed by utilizing two different balance measurement: Static standing balance was measured by balance performance monitor (BPM) and Dynamic standing balance was measured by one leg standing(OLS). The scale for static standing balance was measured by using, sway area, sway path, max velocity. Results : The results of this study were as follow: 1) The score on visual analogue scale shows statistically significant increase on PNF group of post test(p<.05). 2) The score on Oswestry low back pain disability index. shows statistically significant decrease on PNF group of post test(p<.05). 3) The change sway area was statistically significant on pre-test and post-test(p<.05). 4) The change sway path was statistically significant on pre-test and post-test(p<.05). 5) The change max velocity was statistically significant on pre-test and post-test(p<.05). 6) The score on one leg standing shows statistically significant increase on PNF group of post test(p<.05). Conclusion : These results of this study indicated that Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Total patterns which performed for six weeks had a statistically significant influence on low back pain. If the exercise for muscle strength is performed along with therapeutic stabilizing exercise, a better effect can be expected on low back pain. We hope that this study will provide a basic data for further research with a bigger group and on a long-term effect.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.656-663
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• 2014

Atorvastatin calcium-loaded polyoxalate (POX) microspheres were prepared by an emulsion solvent-evaporation/ extraction method of oil-in-oil-in-water ($O_1/O_2/W$) for sustained release. We investigated the release behavior according to initial drug ratio, molecular weight ($M_w$) and concentration of POX and concentration of emulsifier. The microsphere was characterized on the surface, the cross-section morphology and the behavior of atorvastatin calcium release for 10 days by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The analysis of crystallization was analyzed to use X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). These results showed that the release behaviors can be controlled by preparation conditions.

• The Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Ultrasound Society
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.86-90
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• 2008

Purpose: To evaluate the differences between blindly and ultrasonography (US)-guided during multiple needling and dextrose injection technique for calcific tendinitis of shoulder. Materials and Methods: We chose 36 symptomatic calcific tendinitis patients, whose age ranged from 27 to 69. Our procedures were multiple needling and injection of dextrose over the lesion of calcific deposits. The bind injection group were 19 patients whose age ranged from 27 to 64-year-old (mean 52.2), and the US-guided injection group were 17 patients ranged from 31 to 69-year-old (mean 49.0). We compare these groups by VAS (visual analogue scale) and range of motion before and after procedures. Results: There is no difference between two groups in VAS and ROM before procedure (p>0.05). Two groups revealed significant improvement without limitation of shoulder function, however, the group under US-guided revealed better results than under blind (VAS:p=0.001, Flexion:p=0.000, Abduction:p=0.000, External rotation: p=0.016). Conclusion: Ultrasonography-guided procedure showed better results than blind, so the use of ultrasonography is more promising procedure.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.219-228
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• 2006

Objectives : To observe the effect of acupuncture treatment on Digital Infrared Thermographic Imaging(DITI) in frozen shoulder patients. Methods : 17 voluntary patients received acupuncture treatment on LI15, TE14, GB21 and Master Dong's acupuncture points, Shin-gwan and Gyun-joong, twice a week for 4 weeks. The patients were instructed to practice self exercise during their daily lives. Evaluations were made before treatment, after 1 week of treatment, after 2 weeks, 3 weeks and after 4 weeks of treatment. Constant Shoulder Assessment(CSA), Shoulder Pain and Disability Index(SPADI), Range of Motion(ROM) and the patient's satisfaction concerning the treatment was measured by Visual Analogue Scale(VAS). DITI was measured before treatment and after 4weeks of treatment. The obtained data was analyzed. Results : CSA, SPADI, VAS, adduction and extension showed significant(p<0.05) improvement. Abduction and flexion both improved after 4 weeks of treatment, but the improvement was statistically insignificant(p>0.05). DITI showed improvement but the improvement was insignificant(p>0.05). Conclusion : 4 weeks of acupuncture treatment significantly improved CSA, SPADI, VAS, adduction and extension in frozen shoulder patients(p<0.05). The improvement of abduction and flexion after 4 weeks of acupuncture treatment was insignificant(p>0.05). DITI results improved after 4 weeks of acupuncture treatment. But the change of thermal difference was insignificant(p>0.05).