• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.139-155
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• 2011

Objectives : To research trends of studies on treatments of knee osteoarthritis in Korean medicine. Methods : Domestic theses, published from 2000 to 2010, mentioning the treatments of knee osteoarthritis in Korean medicine were reviewed and analyzed. This study researched 79 theses and classified again according to the fields of the treatment. Results : The results were obtained as below ; 1. Studies on pharmacoacupuncture account for 41% of the total (32cases/79cases). The target of treatments had changed from pain alleviation and anti-inflammation to cartilage-protection since 2006. 2. Herbal Drug, Bee Venom, Cervi Cornu Parvum pharmacoacupuncture, Taping Therapy and Tai-Chi Exercise program were more effective than others. Moreover research on exercise program such as Tai-Chi has been increasing. 3. Some Herbal Drug (Glycyrrhizae Radix, Angelicae Gigantis Radix, Achyrantis Radix, Paeoniae Radix, Eucommiae Cortex and so on) were mainly used to investigate the effect on cartilage protection, pain relief and anti-inflammation in laboratory test. 4. Acupuncture including individualized, local acupoints and constitution acupuncture were effective than others in pain alleviation and symptom relief. 5. Pharmacoacupuncture Bee Venom were effective in recovery of joint function and pain relief while Buthus martensii Karsch, Homnis Placenta and Cervi Cornu Parvum were effective in cartilage protection and recovery. 6. Moxibustion was efficient to reduce joint pain and partly increase ROM (range of motion) of knee joint, but was not efficient to recover the function of knee joint. Conclusions : These results indicate that research trends on knee osteoarthritis were changed from symptomatic treatment (pain alleviation and anti-inflammation) to conservative treatment (cartilage protection and recovery).

• Biomaterials and Biomechanics in Bioengineering
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.115-127
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• 2016

Shoulder pain, injury and discomfort are public health and economic issues world-wide. The function of these joints and the stresses developed during their movement is a major concern to the orthopedic surgeon to study precisely the injury mechanisms and thereby analyze the post-operative progress of the injury. Shoulder is one of the most critical joints in the human anatomy with maximum degrees of freedom. It mainly consists of the clavicle, scapula and humerus; the articulations linking them; and the muscles that move them. In order to understand the behavior of individual muscle during abduction arm movement, an attempt has been made to analyze the stresses developed in the shoulder muscles during abduction arm movement during the full range of motion by using the 3D FEM model. 3D scanning (ATOS III scanner) is used for the 3D shoulder joint cad model generation in CATIA V5. Muscles are added and then exported to the ANSYS APDL solver for stress analysis. Sensitivity Analysis is done for stress and strain behavior amongst different shoulder muscles; deltoid, supraspinatus, teres minor, infraspinatus, and subscapularies during adduction arm movement. During the individual deltoid muscle analysis, the von Mises stresses induced in deltoid muscle was maximum (4.2175 MPa) and in group muscle analysis it was (2.4127MPa) compared to other individual four rotor cuff muscles. The study confirmed that deltoid muscle is more sensitive muscle for the abduction arm movement during individual and group muscle analysis. The present work provides in depth information to the researchers and orthopedicians for the better understanding about the shoulder mechanism and the most stressed muscle during the abduction arm movement at different ROM. So during rehabilitation, the orthopedicians should focus on strengthening the deltoid muscles at earliest.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.71-82
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• 2016

PURPOSE: The purpose of this case report was to determine the effect of therapeutic exercise on posture, pain, and muscle activity in two patients with forward head posture (FHP). METHODS: A-31-year-old male (patient A) and a 19-year-old women (patient B) presented with FHP, neck pain, and headache. The therapeutic exercise program consisted of cervical mobilization, deep cervical flexors strengthening, and cervical extensors stretching, for 40 min/d, 2 d/week, for 8 weeks. Neck pain (VAS), neck disability (NDI), cervical range of motion (CROM), lateral view of cervical spine X-ray (indicating the FHP), and asymmetrical neck and shoulder muscular activity ratio were measured before, after 4 weeks, and after 8 weeks of corrective exercise. RESULTS: VAS and NDI decreased in patients A and B after exercise compared to before the program. CROM increased in patients A and B at flexion, extension, side bending, and rotation after exercise compared to before the program. FHP decreased in patients A and B at distance after exercise compared to before the program. In addition, asymmetrical neck and shoulder muscles activity ratio improved in patients A and B after exercise compared to before the program. CONCLUSION: We demonstrated in a case report that therapeutic exercise increases ROM, decreases pain and disability of neck, FHP, and asymmetry muscle activity ratio in patients with FHP. These finding have clinical implications for therapeutic exercise in patients with FHP.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2022

Background: Plyometric exercise is an exercise exerting forceful power in a brief period using isotonic activation. It is effective to improve reaction of muscle, agility, endurance and athletics performance. Weight training is an exericse improving muscular strength, endurance and respirating ability applying diversely in frequency and load of exercise Plyometric exercise and Weight training is to facilitate the athletics performance though improving the function of lower limb muscle, there is a difference that Plyometic jump squats is the way to improve agility and Weight training is the way to improve muscular strength. Therefore, it is necessary to know how this difference effects on athletics performance as measuring ankle, ROM, and jumping ability. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Method: This study was conducted with the voluntary participation of 40 university students, who were randomly assigned to jump squat and calf raise groups (n=20 per group). For each subject, we measured the range of motion of the ankle joint before and after exercise, as well as a standing broad jump and vertical jump test performance. We compared the performance indices before and after exercises using paired t-tests, and between groups using independent-samples t-tests. Conclusions: Both jump squat and calf raise exercises improved ankle joint dorsiflexion and plantar flexion, as well as standing broad jump and vertical jump height performance. However, there were no significant differences before versus after exercise, or between exercise types. Although jump squats and calf raises have different purposes, it is thought that, in combination, these exercises improve performance more effectively than either alone, and that such a combined exercise program improves the quality of training in both the general public and athletes in various sports.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2008

이번 연구는 퇴행성 슬관절염이 있는 여성환자 40명을 대상으로 키네시오 테이핑이 통증감소와 기능증진에 효과가 있는지 알아보고자 실시하였다. 테이핑치료의 효과에 대한 측정은 통증, 관절가동범위, 그리고 일어나 걸어가기 검사를 실시하였다. 그 결과 통증은 대조군에 비해 실험군이 더 유의하게 감소하였으며, 관절가동범위 역시 대조군에 비해 실험군이 더 유의하게 증가하였다. 일어나 걸어가기 검사의 시간은 두 군간에 유의한 차이가 없었지만, 보폭수는 실험군이 더 유의하게 감소하였다. 따라서 이번 연구결과를 통해 알 수 있는 것은 퇴행성 슬관절염 환자에게 키네시오 테이핑을 실시하게 되면 통증감소 및 기능증진에 효과적이라는 것을 알 수 있다.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.237-246
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of forward-and-backward shift trunk exercise using a proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) diagonal pattern in a closed kinematic chain exercise on the upper limb function and activity of daily living (ADL) in a stroke patient. Methods: One subject participated in this study. The study used a reversal A-B-A' design, where A and A' were the baseline period (no intervention), and B was the intervention period. The intervention was a forward-and-backward trunk shift exercise, using a PNF diagonal pattern on both a stand-on-hand position and a quadruped position of closed kinematic chain exercises, for 20 min per day for 2 weeks. The range of motion (ROM) of the shoulder joint was measured and a Fugl-Meyer assessment of upper extremity (FMA-UE) and a functional independence measure (FIM) were performed to measure upper limb function and activity of daily living (ADL). Results: ROMs of shoulder joint (flexion, extension, abduction, and external rotation) increased in the intervention phase. The FMA-UE score increased (from 28 to 36) in the intervention phase. The FIM score increased (from 20 to 25) in the intervention phase. These increases were maintained after intervention (Baseline II). Conclusion: These results suggest that forward-and-backward shift trunk exercises using a PNF diagonal pattern in a closed kinematic chain exercise have a positive effect on stroke patients' upper limb function and ADL ability.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.215-222
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• 2014

본 연구는 국외 뇌졸중 환자에게 적용한 한 거울치료의 효과에 대하여 고찰하기 위한 것으로 국외 학술지를 대상으로 체계적 문헌고찰 연구방법을 시행하였다. 2013년 8월부터 2013년 10월까지 연구를 진행하였고 2013년 10월 이전까지 국외학술지에 게재된 논문을 PubMed를 통하여 검색하였다. 주요 검색용어로는 'mirror therapy', 'mirror neuron', 'stroke', 'paresis', 'hemiplegia', 'upper extremity를 사용하였다. 최초 검색된 논문은 737편이었으나 프로토콜을 거쳐 선정된 9편의 연구가 선정 되었다. 다양한 중재방법을 통하여 거울치료의 효과를 파악하는 연구들이 많았다. 측정도구로는 상지기능, 일상생활활동 수행능력을 평가하는 도구가 사용되었다. 결과로 거울치료를 받은 실험군이 고식적인 치료나 위상치료를 받은 대조군보다 상지의 원위부인 손 기능 향상이 통계적으로 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 결과는 중재방법에 따라 효과의 차이가 나는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 일부 연구에서는 유의미하지 않은 연구결과도 보고되었다. 본 연구는 거울치료의 임상적 적용에 대한 근거를 제시하며, 향후 국내연구에서는 다양한 중재방법을 적용하여 거울치료의 효과를 더 정확하게 측정을 할 수 있는 방법에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 문헌분석 결과를 기초로 거울치료를 시행함에 있어 고려되어야 할 점을 제시하였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.361-370
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• 2012

이 연구의 목적은 경피신경전기자극을 저빈도-저강도, 저빈도-고강도, 고빈도-저강도, 고빈도-고강도 네 개의 치료조건으로 나누어 만성요통환자에게 적용하였을 때 각기 다른 주파수 빈도와 강도가 만성요통환자의 미치는 영향을 알아보는 것이다. 연구대상은 평균연령 39.19(${\pm}12.96$)세, 발병기간 8.57(${\pm}3.07$)개월인 요통환자 32명이었다. 치료기간은 2주 횟수는 총 10회로 1일 1회 15분간 시행하였으며 치료부위는 통증이 가장 심한 요추주변 부위에 시행하였다. 치료 전 후의 변화를 평가하기 위해 요통정도(요통장애지수)와 요추부 유연성을 측정하였다. 각 군간 윌콕슨, 맨-휘트니 검정을 하였고, 통계적 유의성은 p< .05로 하였다. 결과는 다음과 같다. 네 군 모두 실험 후 요통장애지수와 요추부 유연성에 유의한 결과가 나왔으며, 저빈도군에서는 고강도가, 고빈도군에서는 고강도가 보다 효과적이었다. 고빈도-고강도가 요통장애지수와 요추부 유연성에 유의한 차이는 없었지만 가장 효과적이었다.

• 한국노년학
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.987-1000
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• 2009

시설입소 인지기능저하 노인은 전반적으로 활동이 부족하며 노화로 인해 근력, 유연성, 평형성 및 협응력 등이 약화되어 일상생활의 불편감 뿐 아니라 사고의 가능성이 증가되어 체계적인 활동 프로그램의 필요성이 절실하다. 본 연구는 탄력밴드를 이용한 탄력저항성운동 프로그램을 시행하여 유연성과 근력에 미치는 효과를 검증하고자 시행되었다. 본 연구는 대조군 전후 실험설계로 연구 대상자는 J시 소재의 노인시설에 거주하는 65세 이상 인지기능저하 노인 34명을 대상으로 하였다. 탄력저항성운동 프로그램 기간은 4주간으로 첫 주 3일간은 사전 조사를 수행하였으며 이후 3주간 오전에 1시간씩 일주일에 5일, 총 15일간 진행하였다. 사후 측정은 운동 프로그램이 종료 후 2일간 이루어졌다. 프로그램 시작 전·후 대상자의 일반적 특성, 일상생활동작, 인지기능, 유연성(견관절 운동범위, 상지관절 주변조직의 신장능력), 근력(악력, 어깨근력)을 측정하였다. 탄력저항성운동 프로그램 시행 후 견관절 운동범위 중 우측 굴곡, 우측 신전, 우측 외회전 범위가 실험군에서 유의하게 증가하였으며 어깨근력의 경우 좌측 굴곡 근력, 좌측 신전 근력, 좌·우측 외전 근력이 대조군에 비해 통계적으로 유의하게 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 반면에 악력과 상지관절 주변조직의 신장능력은 실험군과 대조군에서 유의한 차이가 없었다. 이상의 결과로 탄력저항성운동 프로그램은 시설 입소 노인의 유연성과 근력에 비교적 효과적인 것으로 나타났으나 프로그램의 일반화를 위해 대상자의 신체능력에 맞는 강도와 기간에 변화를 주는 연구와 효과시기, 효과의 소멸시기 등에 관한 연구가 지속되어야 하며 보다 더 정련된 프로토콜을 만들어야 함을 제언하는 바이다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.103-116
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• 2016

Objectives : This study was performed to assess the effectiveness of conservative Korean traditional medical treatment on lumbar intervertebral disc herniation in 12 adolescents. Methods : Data were collected from adolescent patients diagnosed with lumbar intervertebral herniation by MRI, hospitalized at Jaseng Korean Medicine Hospital from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2015. A total of 12 patients were included in the study. Patients were treated by acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, electroacupuncture, herbal medicine, chuna manual therapy, physical therapy during hospitalization period. To measure treatment outcomes, a verbal numerical rating scale (VNRS), Oswestry disability index (ODI), range of motion (ROM), Straight leg raising test (SLR), and EQ-5D were used. Results : The average age of the participants was $16.05{\pm}1.62$. The average of duration of symptom was $19.25{\pm}26.83(weeks)$ and the average length of hospitalization was $23.8{\pm}16.4(days)$. 2 patients (17 %) suffered from only lumbar pain, while 10 patients (83 %) suffered from lumbar and leg pain. No participant suffered from only leg pain. 8 patients (67 %) were diagnosed with disc herniation in one segment, and 4 patients (33 %) were diagnosed with disc herniation in multiple segments. A total of 17 disc segments (28 %) were herniated. The most herniated lumbar level was L4-5. 3 segments were diagnosed with bulging (17 %), 6 with protrusion (35 %), and 8 with extrusion (47 %). Extrusion was the most frequent herniated type. After treatment, the average VNRS of lumbar pain significantly decreased from $5.58{\pm}1.62$ to $2.91{\pm}1.56$ (p<0.001) and the average VNRS of leg pain significantly decreased from $5.16{\pm}2.51$ to $3.08{\pm}1.8$ (p<0.001). ODI significantly decreased from $48.87{\pm}18.72$ to $28.57{\pm}15.05$ (p<0.05), and EQ-5D significantly increased $0.58{\pm}0.31$ to $0.80{\pm}0.12$ (p<0.05). Range of flexion significantly improved from $61.25{\pm}32.62$ to $68.33{\pm}26.22$ (p<0.05). Conclusion : Conservative Korean Traditional Medical Treatment may be effective in the treatment of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation in adolescence. However, more case reports and clinical research are needed.