• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.69-84
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• 2020

Up to date, the majority research on the major landscape elements in organic farming has been mainly focused on the practice of seeking efficiency. The problem is that this type of study contributes to polluting the agricultural environment and damaging the ecological circulation system. As an alternative, there is a growing body of research on organic farming, but it is not widely applied that research on how to manage the landscape considering the scenic characteristics of farming villages practicing organic farming. Hence, in this paper we utilized landscape adjectives as a way to enhance the objectivity of the organic agricultural complex landscape assessment. More specifically, not only this study used a landscape image of an organic agricultural complex to identify a landscape adjective suitable for the landscape elements but also this study confirmed the suitability of landscape adjectives comparing to the opinions of experts and the public. To carry out, this study performed the experts survey which is composed of 12 major landscape elements, including rice paddies and fields, monoculture and diverse crops, dirt roads, windbreak trees, accent planting, dum-bung(small pond), natural small river, natural waterways, plastic film houses, one-storied houses, and pavilion. As a result of deriving the landscape adjectives from the main landscape elements, there were nine landscape adjectives that were consistent with experts and the public, including "clear" and "Artless" for rice paddies and fields, while the mismatched landscape adjectives were 'traditional'. The accent planting was a combination of landscape adjectives such as 'natural' and 'clear', while the windbreak trees was a consensus of all landscape adjectives. Only two adjectives, 'friendly' and 'wild', agreed on the dirt load, nine dum-bung(small pond), ten natural small river, nine duckery, eight one-storied houses, 10 pavilion, eight monoculture and diverse crops, and three natural waterways. The most common landscape adjectives were windbreak trees, pavilions, and natural small river, all 10 landscape adjectives. However, it is considered that only three of the 10 landscape types on the dirt road and the natural number are matched. Thus, additional management measures will be needed. In addition, it was analyzed that the most common landscape adjectives were "Artless" and "friendly" 13 times. The landscape adjectives of the organic farming complex responded by experts were analyzed to be suitable for natural, clear, zingy, silent, traditional, artless, friendly, wild and Leisurely, and consistent with the general public's opinion.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.122-134
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• 2020

On the many coasts of South Korea, including the eastern side, it has been recently increasing the coastal disaster such as the severe coastal erosion and road damage swept away by the wave. As one of the alternatives to prevent the coastal disaster, it has been widely studied the coastal disaster reduction method by the Low-Crested Structure (LCS) in the many countries including several European countries. In this study, the olaFLow model is used to simulate the permeable LCS and wave field of the LCS through the three-dimensional irregular waves numerical analysis on the basis of the previous research. From the numerical analysis, it is evaluated the H_rms, nearshore current and time-averaged turbulent kinetic energy. In addition, the pattern of nearshore current and spatial distribution of time-averaged turbulent kinetic energy are compared with the case of submerged breakwater under the irregular wave fields. As one of significant results, it is confirmed that the pattern of nearshore current is different with the case of submerged breakwater.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.107-119
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• 2017

Advertising and PR industries recently face a new challenge due to the growth of new digital content market and the change of paradigm. In the market of ICT (Information and Communication Technology) and digital contents, a stereographic content related to the technology such as VR (Virtual Reality) is one of the fast-growing fields. However, it is hard to find the clear answer for AD/PR strategies in the rapidly changing VR contents market. Therefore, this study analyzed VR industry at the macro level using in-depth interviews with eleven VR experts leading Korean VR contents industry by looking at P(Political), E(Economic), S(social), and T(Technological) of VR advertisement and PR industries. Moreover, the feasibility of VR contents in Advertising and PR industries was examined through S(Strengths), W(Weakness), O(Opportunities), and T(Threats) analysis in VR industry. Research result showed that it is necessary for vitalizing VR in AD/PR industries to promote killer contents, to solve problems of inconvenience according to users' needs, to improve awareness of customers and industries. Moreover, constant VR vitalizing policies in AD/PR should be processed as well as constructing medium-and long-term VR road-map. Thus, this study provides the direction of VR content strategy in Advertising and PR industries and the research foundation for further researches regarding future VR activation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.787-794
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• 2010

Recently, with sudden increase of supplying rate of cars and quantity of goods transported, traffic noisy becomes one of important factors obstruct environment of exhibition and view facilities have purpose in calmness and unsatisfaction about this is high now. Therefore, in case of exhibition and view facilities, it has to be grasped that satisfaction degree about the noisy in and out of the exhibition room by performing effect valuation on traffic noisy from design step. However the level of internal noise cannot be measured at the design phrase of the structure due to the noise of traffic. Up until now a walls transmission loss, based on the law of mass, is predicted using this method. However measuring the internal sound level after actual construction reveals that there is a large difference from measurements made at the design stage, and it is very difficult to find a solution after the opening of the structure. From research looking from this perspective the internal sound level was predicted- calculating the internal sound absorption ability, using acoustic simulation and loss prevention of an insulated wall- based on data collected to evaluate the internal sound of an exhibition room at a Folk Museum adjacent to a freeway. The results of this research are considered to provide important data for the prediction of internal sound level at the time of construction of exhibition facilities similar to this.

• Archives of design research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.313-322
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• 2004

Product design has direct effects on sales, exciting consumer's interest in purchasing. With the draft bill of Road Traffic Law passing the National Assembly, drivers have been entirely prohibited by the law from using a cell phone while driving since June 30, 2001, As a result, the demand for and the sales of hands-free Kit products for vehicles have been skyrocketing, and more and more of them have been introduced in the market and competing each other in sales. In these situations, the study attempted to present a case study showing the whole process of product design by a small company, which intended to gain an advantage over the competitors in the sector of hands-free products for vehicles with differentiated design. The product whose design development process was presented in the study has many characteristics. Among them it is the most remarkable in removing the connection between the cell phone terminal and the stationary hands-free product. The study was aimed to increase the investment value of design by helping understand that the ultimate goal of technology is commercialization and that how great the role of design is from the beginning to the final stage of product development. It also emphasized the point that one of the goals of design development should lie in providing a more accurate perception of the importance of design to the industry, by establishing a design process throughout the whole stages of product development including initiation, designing and commercialization.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.288-293
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the key factors in designing a three-wheeled two-row soybean reaper (riding type) that is suitable for soybean production, and ensure worker safety by proposing optimal work conditions for the prototype of the designed machine in relation to the slope of the road. Methods: A three-wheeled two-row soybean reaper (riding type) was designed and its prototype was fabricated based on the local soybean-production approach. This approach was considered to be closely related to the prototype-designing of the cutter and the wheel driving system of the reaper. Load distribution on the wheels of the prototype, its minimum turning radius, static lateral overturning angle, tilt angle during driving, and The working and rear overturning (back flip) angle were measured. Based on the gathered information, investigations were conducted regarding optimal work conditions for the prototype. The investigations took into account driving stability and worker safety. Results: The minimum ground clearance of the prototype was 0.5 m. The blade height of the prototype was adjusted such that the cutter was operated in line with the height of the ridges. The load distribution on the prototype's wheels was found to be 1 (front wheel: F): 1.35 (rear-left wheel: RL): 1.43 (rear-right wheel: RR). With the ratio of load distribution between the RL and RR wheels being 1: 1.05, the left-to-right lateral loads were found to be well-balanced. The minimum turning radius of the prototype was 2.0 m. Such a small turning radius was considered to be beneficial for cutting work on small-scale fields. The sliding of the prototype started at $25^{\circ}$, and its lateral overturning started at $39.3^{\circ}$. Further, the critical slope angle for the worker to drive the prototype in the direction of the contour line on an incline was found to be $12.8^{\circ}$, and the safe angle of slope for the cutting was measured to be less than $6^{\circ}$. The critical angle of slope that allowed for work was found to be $10^{\circ}$, at which point the prototype would overturn backward when given impact forces of 1,060 N on its front wheel. Conclusions: It was determined that farmers using the prototype would be able to work safely in most soybean production areas, provided that they complied with safe working conditions during driving and cutting.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.892-896
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• 2008

In construction work's process of a basic planning, we must carry out a topographical for construction reserved land and to the basis of this, production of profile is Indispensable factor for the purpose of every construction work such as road, rail way, canal and etc. From this research, the production of profile about construction reserved land, using topography information of numerical value topographical map produced by NGIS construction project, construct precision 3D topography model and from this, propose plans for utilizing by producing automatic profile. With the aim of this, abstract every layers of main facilities and altitude from numerical value topographical map and while producing 3D topography model by using this, we produce and product automatic profile from construct precision 3D topography. And about the produced profile's process, a topographical by mutual analysis was carried out to check whether the automatic produced profile's accuracy could be accepted at actual estimation and permissible accuracy. It is considered that the result of the research could be suggested as a new formation techniques concept which can reduce the designing time and expenses and increase the efficiency of planning in the basic design process for the construction.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.262-270
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• 2018

Purpose: This paper investigates and analyzes the loss and damage ratio of maintenance monitoring sensor in metropolitan and high speed railroad tunnel in Korea and abroad. Method: After 5~6 years from the installation, the maintenance monitoring sensor on metropolitan transit tunnels showed the loss and damage ratio from 14.2% to 14.8% in Seoul metro line no. 5, 6, 7, 9, and 13.9% in UK channel tunnel. Based on the result, 15% is thought to be a proper set for the elapsed years, which is 5 years from the installation. Results: The maintenance monitoring sensor on high speed railroad tunnels showed the loss and damage ratio of 60.9% in Ho-Nam high speed railroad on 1 stage after 3 ~ 5 years from the installation, which was approximately 4 times as high as that of Seoul metro line no. 5, 6, 7, 9. Conclusion: Kyung-Bu high speed railroad on 2 stage, after 8~10 years from the installation, showed the loss and damage ratio of 66.8%. Based on the result, it can be inferred that the loss and damage ratio increases drastically after 5~10 years from the installation. Therefore, it is necessary to study on the loss and damage ratio of long term elapsed years, especially more than 10 years from the installation.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.560-569
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• 2019

Purpose: Greenhouse gases are one of the major causes of global warming, a global disaster. This study aims to calculate road sector greenhouse gas emissions more precisely than conventional methods. Method: Currently, the average speed of a vehicle is used to calculate greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, GHG emissions are calculated using the speed of individual vehicles and compared with current methods. Result: It was confirmed that the existing emission estimation method underestimated about 15% in the case of carbon dioxide, about 1% in the case of nitrous oxide, and about 1% in the case of methane. Conclusion: Current methods of estimating greenhouse gas emissions were developed before 2000 and were developed to meet the limits of available data. However, with the advancement of technology, the quality of available data is now high, and new emissions estimation methods are needed. Therefore, in this study, we propose a method for estimating the velocity-based greenhouse gas emissions of individual vehicles as a more accurate method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.548-559
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• 2019

Purpose: Analysis method of V2I data driven motorway service area usage behavior to cope with manpower survey. Method: Segmentation of traveling state group and boundary using the distribution characteristics of traveling speed data of individual vehicles. Result: As a result of the verification, the use rate of resting places in lunchtime surged, and the boundary between the distribution status of the traffic speed data was clearly or unclear. Conclusion: The effect of the cost reduction is big because it can cope with the use of rest area survey by manpower and there is no limit in the time and space range of investigation. The dynamic utilization rate of each time sequence, such as a service area/drowsiness shelter/simple service area, with a V2I system, can be calculated. Identify illegal parking on highway section. Identify the unexpected situation in the road section. Identify the real-time service area utilization rate and congestion information.