• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제28권7호
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• pp.602-611
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• 1995

This study was designed to find out the effects of $\omega$-3 and $\omega$-6 polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acid from prenatal to growing period on the brain growth and behavioral development of rats. Rats(Sprague-Dawley strain) were fed experimental diets-fish oil, corn oil or beef tallow-with different contents of $\omega$-3 and $\omega$-6 fatty acids throughout the prenatal and lactational period and up to 10 weeks of age. DNA and RNA concentration of rat brain were determined at 0, 3, 6 weeks of age and choline and acetylcholine concentrations were analyzed at 10 weeks of age. When the rats were 7 weeks of age, position reversional test in a Y-shaped water maze for 4 weeks was measured. The experimental results obtained are summarized as follows. Food intakes were significantly lower in fish oil group and body weight gain was low in the group fed beef tallow and the groups fed fish oil and corn oil were somewhat good. Food efficiency ratio was not significantly different among the groups. Brain weight was not affected by the fatty acid composition of experimental diets and DNA and RNA concentration of the rat brain were consistently maintained at the same level. It was not different significantly among the dietary groups in the DNA and RNA concentrations of the rat brain during the experimental period. The acetylcholine concentration in the fish oil group was somewhat higher than the other groups. The position reversional test in a Y-shaped water maze showed a significant difference the score of test among the experimental groups. The score of the rats fed the fish oil diet was significantly higher than the other groups and the concentration of acetylcholine in brain were too. Therefore the correlatin between the Y-shaped water maze test score and the acetylcholine concentratin in the brain was found. Above finding support the content that dietary fatty acid composition does not affect to the brain cell number and cell size but the behavior development is influenced. Therefore, the improvement of behavior development is required the effective usage of finny tribe.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권15호
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• pp.6335-6338
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• 2015

Background: Cancers have dysfunctional redox regulation resulting in production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), damaging DNA, RNA and free NTPs, and causing the accumulation of oxidative nucleic acids in cytoplasm. The major types are 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine(8-oxoGsn) in RNA and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2' deoxyguanosine(8-oxodGsn) in Mt-DNA. The MTH1 protein sanitizes oxidized nucleotide pools from NTPs to monophosphates, preventing the occurrence of transversion mutations. This study concerned cytoplasmic 8-oxodGsn/Gsn and MTH1 expression in gastric cancer and para-cancer tissues and elucidated roles of nucleic-acid oxidation and anti-oxidation. Materials and Methods: A polymer HRP detection system was used to detect 8-oxo-Gsn/dGsn and MTH1 expression in 51 gastric cancer and para-cancer tissue samples. Analyses of patient clinical and pathological data were also performed. Results: The expression of MTH1 and the 8-oxo-dGsn/Gsn ratio were significantly higher in cancer tissues than para-cancer tissues (P<0.05). Cytoplasmic 8-oxo-Gsn and MTH1 were both found to positively correlate (P<0.05) with tumor differentiation, while no significant associations were found with gender, age, invasion depth, lymph node metastasis and clinical stage (P>0.05). Conclusions: We found 8-oxo-dGsn/Gsn and MTH1 are both highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues, especially in well differentiated lesions. In addition, oxidated mtDNA is prevalently expressed in gastric cancers, while 8-oxo-Gsn expression in cytoplasmic RNA is a bit lower, but more selectively.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.201-205
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• 2010

2008년 8월 경남 통영에서 강담돔과 돌돔의 자연교잡종 1개체가 발견되어 형태 및 유전적 특정을 강담돔 및 돌돔과 비교하였다. 형태적으로 본 총은 체측에 선명한 검은색 둥근 점을 많이 가지며 동시에 4개의 연한 가로줄을 가져 강담돔과 비슷하였다. 강담돔 및 돌돔의 계수 계측형질이 거의 일치하였으나, 체장에 대한 배지느러미길이 비에서 자연교잡종(26.7%)은 돌돔(17.2~23.6%)보다 강담돔(26.4%)에 더욱 가까웠다. 미토콘드리아 DNA 16S rRNA 510 bp를 이용한 분자분석에서 자연교잡종은 형태결과와는 달리 강담돔(d=0.020)보다 돌돔(d=0.000~0.010)에 더욱 가까웠다. 본 연구결과를 통해 경남 통영에서 발견된 자연교잡종은 암컷 돌돔과 수컷 강담돔 사이에서 태어난 것으로 추정된다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.43-48
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• 1997

Dynamic parameters of biochemistry including the POD (peroxidase) activity, contents of DNA and RNA, isozymes of POD and ES (esterase) in American send (Panax quinquefolium L.) seed are reported in the present paper. The dynamic changes of POD activity proved that the PAS (physiological afterripening stage) is a stage in which some substances are prepared for seed germination. The POD activity correlated with ER (embryo ratio) significantly DNA content changed little only within 0.0036∼0.013 mg/ml, which did not correlate with ER. RNA content changed from 0.1539 to 1.0313 mg/ml and correlated significantly with RE during all of the embryo afterripening. None of the POD isozyme band was obtained in ESGS (embryo slowly growth stage), but five bands in ERGS (embryo rapidly growth stage) and six bands in PAS. Four bands of ES isozymes were obtained in ESGS, but six bands in ERGS, particularly, the content of ES isozymes increased in PAS. All of these may provide some information for understanding the dormancy mechanisms of American song seed.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.26-45
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• 1980

가잠의 견사물질 생성능력에 대한 견사선의 특이성을 구명코저 견사생산성이 다른 8개 원종과 그 F$_1$교잡종에 대하여 견사선의 성장 및 조직학적 특성, 후부견, 사선의 RNA 및 DNA합성과 그 아미노산조성 등을 조사한 결과 다음과 같을 결론을 얻었다. 1) 견사생성량이 다론 가잠품종간 F$_1$ 교배조를 만들 경우 다사량 품종은 5령유충기의 잠체중대 견사선중비 및 견사선중대 견사생성량비가 다사량 품종에 비하여 증가되었다. 2) 후부견사선의 조직학적 관찰에서 견사물질합성이 활발히 전개될 때는 세포핵의 크기 및 분지가 증대하고 5령 96시간째 세포핵의 형태에 있어서 견사생성량이 가장 적은 품종인 $N_2$ 및 $C_{60}$의 세포핵은 잠107, 잠108 등의 것에 비하여 크기가 작고 단순한 형태를 취하였다. 3) 가잠 후부견사선의 RNA함유율은 다사량계 품종이 소사량계 품종에 비하여 높았고 잠품종간 F$_1$ 교배조를 만들 경우 견사생성량과 RNA 함유율은 정상관으로 비례하였다. 4) 가잠 5령유충기중 5령 3일을 전후(2일~4일) 한 후부견사선의 RNA 및 DNA 생성량의 증가율은 다사량계품종이 소사량계에 비하여 약 30%정도 높았다. 5) 가잠 5령유충기(2~4일)의 후부견사선에 있어서 DNA에 의한 RNA 생성효율은 다사량계가 소사량 계품종에 비하여 높았다. 6) 다사량계 잠품종의 후부견사선 DNA 생성량은 5령 4일째 374$\mu\textrm{g}$/두인데 비하여 소사량계품종은 199$\mu\textrm{g}$로서 약 53%정도이었다. 7) 가잠 후부견사선의 아미노산 조성에 있어서 함유량이 가장 높은 것은 Alanine 34.8%이며 Glycine 22.8%, Serine 9.1%, Tyrosine 7.3%의 순으로서 견사 fibroin의 아미노산조성과는 달리 Glycine 함량이 Alanine에 비하여 적었다. 8) 가잠 원종과 교잡종의 후부견사선 아미노산 조성에 있어서 Valine, Isoleucine, Leucine, Phenylalanine, Lysine, Histidine 및 Arginine등 잠체성장에 대한 영양성 아미노산은 원종에 비교적 많이 함유되었고 Glycine Serine, Aspartic acid, Glutamic acid등 비영양성 아미노산과 Threonine은 F$_1$ 교잡종에 비교적 많이 함유되었다. 9) 견사 생성량이 다른 가잠 품종간의 F$_1$ 교배조에 있어서 후부견사선의 아미노산조성중 G.A.S.(Glycine+Alanine+Serine)함량은 다사량 품종일수록 증가되었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.391-397
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• 1998

The present study was conducted to examine the effects of dietary protein (20, 22, 24%) with a constant protein-to-energy ratio on clenbuterol-induced performance in broilers. The protein-to-energy ratio was based on adequate level (22% protein, 3,100 kcal of energy). Female broiler chickens were used for a $3{\times}2$ factorial arrangement and fed diets with or without 1 ppm clenbuterol from 14- to 32-days of age. Feed efficiency improved with increasing dietary protein level, regardless of clenbuterol treatment. The dietary clenbuterol increased weights of breast and leg muscles (gastrocnemius and peroneus longus), and clenbuterol markedly reduced protein content of leg muscles in chickens fed the 20% protein diet, but did not in chickens fed the 22 and 24% protein diets. Feeding the 24% protein diet with clenbuterol improved the protien accretion (peroneus longus) by 8.4%. Clenbuterol decreased DNA content and increased the protein/DNA ratio in breast muscle regardless of dietary protein intake. Clenbuterol had no effect on RNA content in both breast and leg muscles. The present results demonstrated that various protein levels which retain the same protein-to-energy ratio in the diet markedly alter the protein accretion induced by ${\beta}$-agonist in broilers.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.535-540
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• 1990

B.sphaericus ts-D1290의 특성을 정상균주 (B.sphaericus 1593)와 비교하기 위하여 방사성 동위원소를 이용하여 DNA, RNA 그리고 단백질 생합성량을 허용온도와 비허용온도에서 측정하고, 온도의 영향을 조사하였다. 1. ts-D1290 돌연변이주를 $30^{\circ}C$에서 배양하였을 때는 정상균주와 유사한 증식을 보였으나, 제한 온도인 $42^{\circ}C$에서는 거의 증식을 하지 않았다. 2. 온도를 $30^{\circ}C$에서 $42^{\circ}C$로 상승하여 배양하였을 때는 두 균주 모두 정상적인 높은 증식률을 보였으며, 온도를 $42^{\circ}C$에서 4시간 배양 후 $30^{\circ}C$ 하강하여 배양하였을 때는 정상균주는 정상적인 증식을 하였으나, ts-D1290 돌연변이주는 거의 증식을 하지 않았다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.173-182
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• 2018

Valproic acid (VPA) plays a role in histone modifications that eventually inhibit the activity of histone deacetylase (HDAC), and will affect the expressions of genes Pdx1, Nkx6.1, and Ngn3 during pancreatic organogenesis. This experiment was designed to study the effect of VPA exposure in pregnant rats on the activity of HDAC that controls the expression of genes regulating the development of beta cells in the pancreas to synthesize and secrete insulin. This study used 30 pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats, divided into 4 groups, as follows: (1) a control group of pregnant rats without VPA administration, (2) pregnant rats administered with 250 mg VPA on day 10 of pregnancy, (3) pregnant rats administered with 250 mg VPA on day 13 of pregnancy, and (4) pregnant rats administered with 250 mg VPA on day 16 of pregnancy. Eighty-four newborn rats born to control rats and rats administered with VPA on days 10, 13, and 16 of pregnancy were used to measure serum glucose, insulin, DNA, RNA, and ratio of RNA/DNA concentrations in the pancreas and to observe the microscopical condition of the pancreas at the ages of 4 to 32 weeks postpartum with 4-week intervals. The results showed that at the age of 32 weeks, the offspring of pregnant rats administered with 250 mg VPA on days 10, 13, and 16 of pregnancy had higher serum glucose concentrations and lower serum insulin concentrations, followed by decreased concentrations of RNA, and the ratio of RNA/DNA in the pancreas. Microscopical observations showed that the pancreas of the rats born to pregnant rats administered with VPA during pregnancy had low immunoreaction to insulin. The exposure of pregnant rats to VPA during pregnancy disturbs organogenesis of the pancreas of the embryos that eventually disturb the insulin production in the beta cells indicated by the decreased insulin secretion during postnatal life.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.48-57
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• 1991

1988년(年) 4월(月)부터 10월(月)까지 전라남도(全羅南道) 영암군(靈岩郡) 삼호면(三湖面) 조간대(潮間帶)에서 월별(月別)로 채집(採集)된 자성(雌性)짱뚱어 Boleophthalmus pectinirostris(Linnaeus)를 대상(對象)으로 간세포(肝細胞)의 활성변화(活性變化)를 조사(調査)하기 위해 투과전자현미경(透過電子顯微鏡)으로 관찰하였고, GSI와 HSI의 월별변화(月別變化)와 난소발달단계(卵巢發達段階)에 따른 간조직(肝組織)의 단백질(蛋白質) 및 핵산함양(核酸含量)(총(總) RNA, DNA)의 변화(變化)를 조사(調査)하였다. GSI는 성장기(成長期)인 5월(月)부터 증가하기 시작하여 성숙기(成熟期)인 6월말(月末)에 연중(年中) 최대치(最大値)를 나타내었고, 산란기(産卵期)인 7월말(月末)부터 다시 감소하기 시작하여 퇴화기(退化期)인 9월말(月末)에 최저(最低)값을 나타내었다. HSI의 월별변화는 GSI와 역상관(逆相關) 관계(關係)를 갖는다. 난소(卵巢)가 성숙(成熟)하는 하계(夏季)에는 HSI값이 떨어지고 난소(卵巢)가 퇴화(退化)되는 10월(月) 중순(中旬)에는 HSI값이 최대(最大)에 이른다. 성숙기(成熟期)인 6월(月)에 암컷의 간조직(肝組織)의 간세포(肝細胞)들은 증대(增大)되고 핵(核)들은 비대(肥大)되었으며, 간세포내(肝細胞內)에는 글리코겐 입자(粒子)들과 지방적(脂肪滴)들이 정차로 감소되는 반면, 수많은 조면소포체(粗面小胞體)들은 증가(增加)되었다. 그리고 리보소옴이 부착된 잘 발달한 조면소포체(粗面小胞體)들은 세포질내(細胞質內)에서 단백질(蛋白質) 합성(合成) 및 vitellogenin 축적(蓄積)에 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 추정된다. 산란기(産卵期)인 7월(月)에 글리코겐 입자(粒子)들과 지방적(脂肪滴)들은 점차로 증가되었으며, 이들 물질(物質)은 퇴화기(退化期)인 8월말에도 다량(多量)이 그대로 관찰되었다. 난소(卵巢)의 발달시기(發達時期)에 따른 암컷 간조직(肝組織) 1gr 당(當) 단백질함양(蛋白質含量)은 성숙기(成熟期)인 6월에 최고값($4.720{\pm}0.103mg/g$)을 보였으며, 그후 점차 줄어들어 산란기(産卵期)인 7월에는 최저값($3.640{\pm}0.130mg/g$)을 나타낸 후, 퇴화기(退化期)인 8월에 다시 점점 증가하는 양상을 보였다. 또한 간조직내(肝組織內)의 핵산(核酸), 즉 RNA함량(含量)은 6월에 최고값($0.523{\pm}0.040mg/g$)을 나타내었으며, 그후 점차 감소하여 7월에는 최저값($0.158{\pm}0.006mg/g$)을 나타내었고, 다시 8월에는 약간 상승하였다. 이 결과로 볼 때 단백질(蛋白質) 함량(含量)과 RNA함량(含量)과의 관계(關係)는 밀접(密接)한 관계(關係)를 나타내었다. 간조직(肝組織) 중량(重量)(g) 당(當) 총(總) DNA 함량(含量)은 시기별(時期別)로 약간의 수치상(數値上) 차이(差異)는 있지만 거의 비슷하였다. 총(總) RNA/DNA의 비율(比率)은 6월(月)에 0.745, 7월(月) 0.262, 8월(月) 0.341이었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.948-953
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• 2021

To find the optimal eggs to larvae transforming temperature of walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma, we investigated their hatching pattern, mortality, and larval deformities. Results showed that the hatching quality decreased as the water temperature increased and dropped sharply above 13℃. The highest hatching rate was achieved at 7℃, whereas the lowest was at 15℃. Dead eggs were not observed at 7℃; however, dead egg ratios were significantly high at 4.5℃ and above 13℃ (P<0.05). Mortality of larvae after hatching was not observed at 4.5℃, but was significantly high above 13℃. The DNA content of the larvae did not show any significant difference at all water temperatures; however, RNA content was the highest at 7℃ and was significantly low above 11℃. In addition, RNA/DNA ratio was the highest at 7℃. Larval deformities after hatching were low at 7-11℃ and higher at higher or lower water temperature. Therefore, the hatching index and larval health index of Walleye pollock eggs in this study show that 7℃ to 11℃ seems to be the optimal transforming water temperature range.