• 대한가정학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.23-39
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• 1980

The purpose of this study is to investigate various factors which affect father's child-rearing attitudes through the examination of father-child relationships. In other words, the study aims at finding out how the variables possessed by father side operate on his child-rearing attitudes according to the sex and birth-order of children. Hence, the study is carried out on the hypothesis that father's variables such as age, education, occupation, religion, etc. show different aspects on child-rearing attitudes by way of a child's sex and birth-order. The results of the study show that the factors that affect father's child-rearing attitudes are child's variables such as sex and birth-order as well as father's variables such as education, occupation and religion. describing these factors I detail, the study shows that father has higher concern on daughter rather than on son; the higher education he has, the higher his concern is; and when father has a white-collar job or is a Christian, he shows higher concern on his children. The above mentioned factors are analyzed and classified as follows by the child-rearing contents: A. The factors which affect father's concern one his children are: 1) sex, 2) father's education and 3) occupation related to the sex and birth-order of children. B. The factors which affect father's participation in child-care are; 1) sex, 2) birth-order, 3) father's education, 4) occupation and 5) religion related to the sex and birth-order. C. The factors which affect father's disciplinary attitudes (Praise or scolding) are ; 1) sex, 2) father's education and 3) religion related to the sex and birth-order. C. The factors which affect father's disciplinary attitudes (praise or scolding) are; 1) sex, 2) father's education related to sex, and 3) sex in terms of negative attitudes. E. Finally, father's age is proved to be a factor that does not give any significance in his child-rearing attitudes.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제34권7호
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• pp.1138-1148
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• 2010

This study examines the characteristics of the online child-rearing community launched by the voluntary motivations of consumers, and the effects of those characteristics on community loyalty and the intentions to buy baby wear via community sites. The study was implemented by a descriptive survey method using an online questionnaire. The sample consisted of 212 members of online child-rearing communities. The data were analyzed by frequency, factor analysis, and regression analysis. Results are as follows. 1) It was found that there were four major factors of online child-rearing community characteristics, such as attachment/pleasure, practical/economy, interaction, and information. 2) All four factors had significant effects on community loyalty. 3) The factor attachment/pleasure had no significant effects on intentions to buy baby wear, but practical/economy, interaction and information had effects upon those intentions. 4) Loyalty to the online child-rearing community had significant effects on the intentions of community members to buy baby wear via the community site. In addition, online child-rearing community members are interested in information regarding baby wear as well as its purchase; this is why baby wear makers should perform cost efficient consumer group segmentation in a timely manner. In addition, it will be effective for their marketing activities to target such consumer groups as segmented.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.1355-1366
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• 2014

이 연구의 목적은 초등학생들의 부모양육행동과 심리적 안녕감이 다문화 수용성에 영향을 미치는 요인은 무엇인지를 알아보고자 하였다. 이러한 연구목적을 달성하기 위하여 I시에 소재한 초등학생 328명을 대상으로 질문지를 사용하여 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문조사 결과 첫째, 초등학생들의 부모양육행동, 심리적 안녕감, 다문화 수용성은 배경변인별로 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 둘째, 초등학생들의 부모양육행동, 심리적 안녕감, 다문화수용성에서 유의미한 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 초등학생들의 부모양육행동과 심리적 안녕감이 다문화 수용성에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과로 볼 때, 일반가정에서 다문화에 대한 수용이 효과적으로 이루어지기 위해서는 부모들의 양육행동과 심리적 안녕감에 대한 인식과 태도가 변화되어야 하며, 다문화사회의 구성원으로서 일반 가정 학생과 다문화가정 학생 모두 더불어 살아가는데 긍정적인 영향을 줄 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.2645-2652
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• 2013

본 연구의 목적은 아버지의 자아존중감과 양육태도가 유아의 자아존중감 및 정서지능에 미치는 영향을 알아보는 것이다. 이를 위해, J시에 위치한 2곳의 유치원에서 만 3, 4, 5세 유아 각 40명씩 총 120명과 그 아버지를 대상으로 연구를 실시하였다. 연구결과는 첫째, 유아의 자아존중감은 아버지가 자아존중감이 높고 아버지의 애정적 자율적 양육태도를 보일 때 높은 것으로 나타났고, 거부적 양육태도를 보일 때 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 아버지의 자율적 애정적 양육태도는 유아의 자아존중감에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 유아의 정서지능은 아버지의 자아존중감이 높고 아버지가 애정적 자율적 양육태도를 보일 때 높은 것으로 나타났고, 거부적 양육태도를 보일 때 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 아버지의 자아존중감과 자율적 양육태도는 유아의 정서지능에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.153-167
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• 2011

This study analyzed changes in postpartum depression in mothers from one month after childbirth to the first year using panel data collected overtime, in an effort to determine the relationship between the amount of change and child-rearing system variables. The subjects were 1097 mothers who belonged to both the lower and upper $30^{th}$ percentile groups in the depression change distribution of the 2008 Korean Children Panel Study (PSKC), a large, population-based study conducted by the Korea Institute of Childcare and Education. The data were analyzed by t-tests, $x^2$ tests, partial correlation coefficient analyses and regression analyses. The results are summarized as follows: First, the mothers' postpartum depression showed a significant increase during the first year as opposed to the first month after birth. Second, after controlling for socio-demographical variables of the mothers, the changes related to depression showed a positive relationship with child-rearing stress, and the child's emotional temperament, but showed a negative relationship with the mother's self-esteem, the child's birth order, and the father's participation in child-rearing activities. Third, variables having a significant effect on changes in postpartum depression were the mother's self-esteem and child-rearing stress, the child's age in months, and social support. Variables pertaining to the mother's characteristics variables had a more powerful effect than other child-rearing system variable categories. The results suggest the necessity to develop a parental education program or a mother-child health service in consideration of the variables that affect mothers, as determined in this study, in an effort to prevent postpartum depression.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.21-34
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• 1970

This experiment was undertaken to examine the injurious environment conditions for occuring of the virus disease, grasserie and cytoplasmic polyhedrosis in rearing of silk worms, to observe of cytoplsamic polyhedrosis diseased silkworms with histological preparation and to define the virus origin on the gattine and the disease of shrinked form after moulting (Okichijimi). The results obtained are as follows. 1) The grasserie in spring season rearing was remarkably infected in highly percent with 20.1 % in high temperature condition during 3rd to 4th instar, the high temperature during 1st to 2nd instar and 5th instar in 16.5% and 16.3%, respectively. In the fall season rearing, the disease was infected by the feeding of soft leaves plot in 5.3% and 4.8%, respectively with significant difference in 5% level, accordingly, it was thought to the nutritional condition is a factor in occuring of the disease. 2) In spring season rearing, the number ofl infected silk worms of cytoplasmic polyhedrosis was increased in the high temperautre and high humidity conditions, and in fall season rearing, order of the low temperature and high humidity plot, first feeding plot and feeded with hard leaves plot were found insome high infected ratio of the disease than control plot. 3) The occuring of cytoplasmic polyhedrosis was observed even in control rearing plot with the examining of anatomical and histological preparation in spring and fall. 4) It was found that the high diseased ratio of the gattine and disease of shrinked form after moulting in 21.8% of control and 93.2% in feeded with inocylated plot in the biosassay of inoculum. It was defined as a virus flacherie acoording to the Danaka and Shimizu's examine method.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.304-311
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was done to examine the relation of self-reported adult attachment style, perceived parental rearing styles and anger in undergraduate students. Method: The six hundred and fifty undergraduate students participating in this descriptive correlational design study were conveniently sampled from K University and S College located in Seoul, Korea. The instruments were Spielberger's state-trait anger expression inventory - Korean version(Chon, Han, Lee & Spielberger, 1997), the instrument for measuring attachment styles by Hazen and Shaver (1987), and Hong's instrument for measuring parental rearing style(2001). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, $X^2-test$, ANOVA, and cluster analysis using pc-SAS(version 8.0e) program. Results: The mean scores for trait anger and anger-in were higher in undergraduate students with insecure and ambivalent attachment style compared to students with a secure attachment style. The mean score for anger-control was highest in undergraduate students with a secure attachment style. The parental rearing styles by cluster analysis were grouped as Neglect, Permissive, Democratic, and Protective-control. The mean scores for trait anger, anger-in, and anger-out were higher in undergraduate students with 'Neglect' parental rearing style than in those with 'Democratic' and 'Protective-control' rearing styles. Conclusion: Trait anger and anger expression might be related to an attachment style and/or a parental rearing style.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제9권10호
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• pp.122-132
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 어머니의 양육행동이 유아의 공격성에 미치는 영향과 그 과정에서 유아의 자기통제력의 매개효과를 검증하는데 있다. 이를 위해 한국아동패널 7차년도 자료를 활용하여 만 5세 아동을 대상으로 본 연구에 부합하는 1,524명을 표본으로 추출하였다. 연구분석은 위계적 회귀분석 방법과 Sobel test를 활용하였으며, 다음과 같은 연구결과가 도출되었다. 첫째, 어머니의 온정적 양육행동은 유아의 공격성을 감소시키는 것으로 나타났지만, 어머니의 통제적 양육행동은 공격성에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째. 유아의 자기통제력은 공격성에 부적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 어머니의 온정적 양육행동과 유아의 공격성의 관계에서 자기통제력의 부분매개효과가 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 토대로 유아의 공격성을 낮추기 위한 다양한 프로그램의 개발과 보육현장에서의 실천적 대안을 제시하였다.

• 한국해양생명과학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2018

본 연구는 수온, 염분, 사육밀도 및 혼합 먹이생물 공급량과 같은 환경요인이 왕우럭 Tresus keenae의 유생사육 시 생존 및 발생에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 수행하였다. 연구 결과, 왕우럭 유생사육의 최적 조건은 수온 20℃에서 24℃, 염분 30 psu, 사육밀도 1 ml당 5개체 및 먹이생물 I. galbana, C. simplex 및 T. suecica 혼합 공급량 10×10⁴ 세포/ml이였다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 밝혀진 왕우럭 유생 최적의 사육 환경요인은 빠른 성장 및 높은 생존을 통해 생산성 향상에 기여하리라 생각된다.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.13-24
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• 1988

양식용 넙치 종묘의 효율적인 대량생산 방법에 관한 기초적 자료로서 치어의 사육밀도를 검토함과 동시에 고밀도사육의 가능성에 대하여 조사하고자, 폐진순환여과 사육수조를 전장2.53$\pm$0.24 cm, 체고 1.12$\pm$0.12 cm의 넙치치어를 저면적 137.75 $cm^2$당 10개체 (D10), 20개체 이용하여 (D2O), 30개체 (D30) 및 40개체 (D40) 식수용한 4개 밀도구를 설정한후 65일간 사육한 결과는 다음과 같다. 사육기간중의 수온은 $21.0\~27.0^{\circ}C$로 자연수온에 비해 높았고,비중(${\delta}_{15}$)은 1.024$\~$1.026으로 비교적 높은 편이었다. 사육기간중의 용존산소는 5.4$\~$7.5 ml/$\iota$ 범위였고, 무기태질소로서 $NH_4^+-N$은 0.07$\~$0.48 ppm, $NO_2^{-}-N$은 0.006$\~$0.33 ppm이었으며, 특히, $NO_3^{-}-N$은 3.89$\~$34.06 ppm으로 매우 높았다. 밀도별 치어의 전장성장은 D20에서 8.17$\pm$0.80 cm로 가장 빨랐고, D10에서 7.72$\pm$0.40 cm로 가장 느렸으나, 밀도구별 성장차이에 대한 유의의 차는 없었다. 밀도별 치어의 체고성장은 D20에서 4.l6$\pm$0.39 cm로 가장 빨랐고, D10에서 3.94$\pm$0.21 cm로 가장 느렸으나, 밀도구별 성장차이에 대한 유의의 차는 없었다. 밀도별 치어의 전장에 대한 체고의 상대성장비는 D10이 b=0.5346으로 가장 높았고, B30이 b=0.5165로 가장 낮았으나, 밀도구간의 유의의 차는 인정되지 않았다. 밀도구별 치어의 생존율은 D10, D20, D30 공히 $90\%$로 높았으나, D40은 $75\%$로 낮은 편이었다. 수용밀도의 지표로서, 안측 체표면적이 수조의 저면적을 덮는율을 구하기 위하여 전장과 체고를 곱한 면적 (X)과 안측 체표면적 (Y)의 상관관계는 Y=0.5994X+0.1840으로 표시되었다. 각 밀도구별 모든 개체의 안측 체표면적이 저면적을 덮는율은, 실험종료시 D10의 1.2배로부터 D4O의 4.1배까지로 나타나, 치어의 고밀도사육이 가능한 것으로 판단되었다.