• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.828-837
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physical properties and the hand of bast/man made fiber mixed fabrics compared to linen. The mixed fabrics were made by rayon, polyester and modal fiber as warp yarn, and ramie, flax, rayon/flax and cotton/flax as weft yarn. The crease resistance, drape, tensile strength/extension, water absorbancy and warmth retention were measured for test fabrics. The mechanical properties were measured by Kawabata system, and the hand value was calculated by previously developed equation. The results obtained from this study were as follows: The crease resistance and drape properties of bast/man made fiber mixed fabrics were improved compared to those of linen. The tensile strength of polyester/bast fiber mixed fabrics increased compared to those of linen, but rayon/bast and modal/bast fiber mired fabrics decreased. The extension of all mixed fabrics was increased compared to that of linen. The rayon/ramie and modal/ramie mixed fabrics showed lower warmth retention than linen. The mixed fabrics used rayon and modal as warp yarn showed higher water absorbancy than linen. The Koshi and Hari hand value of all mixed fabrics showed lower than those of linen. Fukurami hand value showed little difference between mixed fabrics and linen. Shari, Kishimi, and Shinayakasa hand value of rayon/bast and modal/bast fiber mixed fabrics showed higher than those of linen.

• Carbon letters
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.308-315
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• 2008

In the present study, fast isothermal stabilization processes for rayon precursor fabrics were performed at $350^{\circ}C$ and $400^{\circ}C$ within 3 minutes and the chemical and physical characteristics of the stabilized fabrics were investigated. In addition, rayon precursor fabrics were pre-treated with three different phosphorous-based flame retardants and then stabilized. The effect of flame retardants on the chemical composition, thermal shrinkage, weight change, thermal stability and XRD results was examined, comparing with those of the precursor fabrics. The result showed that the stabilization of rayon fabrics was most effective as the stabilization temperature was $350^{\circ}C$, the stabilization time was 3 min, and the pre-treatment with phosphoric acid of 1 vol%. The carbon contents of stabilized rayon fabrics were increased with increasing stabilization temperature and time, whereas the oxygen contents were decreased. Also, it is likely that the pre-treatment with phosphoric acid plays a role in retarding the change of chemical structure of rayon fabric. The XRD result was quite consistent with the result showing the effect of phosphoric acid on the chemical composition, thermal shrinkage and weight reduction of rayon fabric.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.339-345
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• 2005

It is difficult to dye nylon/viscose rayon mixture fabrics by one-bath one-step dyeing method, because acid dyes and reactive dyes require acidic dyebath for adsorption and alkaline dyebath for fixation respectively. In order to overcome the disadvantage of the conventional two bath two step dyeing method of nylon/viscose rayon mixture fabric, it was pretreated with cationizing agent containing chlorohydrine group in aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide. The pretreated nylon/viscose rayon mixture fabrics produced cationized fabrics that could be dyed with acid dyes and reactive dyes under neutral condition. This study was carried out to investigate dyeing possibilities, surface reflectance spectra and color characteristics of cationized nylon/viscose rayon mixture fabrics with acid dyes and reactive dyes in a non-electrolytic and neutral dyebath by one bath one step dyeing method.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.18 no.6 s.91
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• pp.1-9
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to investigate the dyeability, antibacterial activity on silk and rayon fabrics dyed with cochineal. The result are as follows; 1. The K/S value of silk fabric was higher than that of rayon fabric. 2. The optimum conditions are mordant concentration $0.5{\sim}1%$, dyeing material concentration 2.0%(o.w.f), dyeing temperature $60^{\circ}C$, PH 3 and dyeing time 30minutes. 3. Pre-mordanting method had higher dyeing absorption than post mordanting method in case of silk and rayon fabrics. 4. The antibacterial activity of dyed silk fabrics were higher than that of dyed rayon fabrics and the antibacterial activity was increased by mordanting. 5. The lightfastness and perspiration fastness of silk fabric were improved but these of rayon were not. Dyeing fastness was improved by Fe mordanting on both fabrics.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.28 no.910
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• pp.1282-1291
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• 2004

Kenaf was cultivated and harvested in large quantity in Cheju Island and Chinju, Kyungsangnamdo. It was chemically rotted with 3% NaOH for 60 minutes at 100$^{\circ}C$, neutralized using 1% acetic acid, washed and dried, and obtained 40kg of dry kenaf fiber. Kenaf 15/rayon 85, flax 15/rayon 85, and rayon 100% yam was spun and the physical characteristics were measured. Plain weave and twill weave fabrics were made using each of the above yarns as the filling yam. Cotton 100% yam was used as the warp yam in all fabrics. Kenaf/rayon blend yarns were higher in tenacity and elongation, lower in yam uniformity, higher in the number of nep than the flax/rayon blended yams. Kenaf/rayon blend fabric had higher tenacity and elongation compared to the flax/rayon blend fabric Kenaf/rayon blend fabric was most stiff in both plain weave and twill weave fabrics whereas drape characteristics was dependent upon the fabric structure of the kenaf/rayon blend and flax/rayon blend. There were little differences between the kenaf/rayon blend fabric and the flax/rayon blend fabric in the Kawabata physical measurements and the PHVs. The only drawback of kenaf fiber was it's surface roughness and it is expected that it can be improved by enzyme retting and mechanical bundle separation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.1196-1204
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• 1997

Cotton, rayon/cotton, and Tencel twill weave fabrics were used to investigate the effect of fiber types on the cellulase washing finish. And twill. basket, and derivative weave cotton fabrics were used to study the weave effect. Various fabrics were treated with neutral cellulase varying treatment times and with acid cellulase, stone, and stone-neutral cellulase respectively for two hours in a rotary washer. Weight loss decreased in the order of rayon/cotton> cotton> Tencel, and basket and derivative weave fabrics lost more weight than twill weave fabric. Color difference decreased in the order of cotton> Tencel> rayon/cotton, and twill weave fabric had larger color difference than derivative and basket weave fabrics. Back staining decreased in the order of cotton> rayon/cotton> Tencel, and twill weave fabric had larger back staining than derivative and basket weave fabrics. Tear strength retention decreased in the order of rayon/cotton> cotton> Tencet and twill weave fabric had larger tear strength retention than derivative and basket weave fabrics. Flex stiffness retention decreased in the order of cotton> Tencel> rayon/cotton, and in the order of derivative> twill> basket weave. In cotton fibers, damage of primary wall was observed. And the cellulase treatment on Tencel seemed to roughen the fabric surface slightly, and to fibril fibers along the fiber axis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.173-182
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• 2001

The physical properties and biodegradability of cellulose fabrics, such as cotton and rayon, are expected to vary with textile care. In this study cotton and rayon fabrics were washed repeatedly with detergents, bleaches, or softeners. The changes of physical properties were investigated by measuring retention of breaking strength, shrinkage, handle, and the fiber surface was observed by SEM. The biodegradability of fabrics was also estimated by soil burial test. The results were as follows. Cotton fabrics laundered repeatedly by detergents and bleaches lost virtually no strength. The breaking strength of the rayon fabrics decreased by about 17%∼25% after repeated launderings. Shrinkage in weft direction was much larger than that in warp direction. Bending rigidities of both fabrics decreased remarkably within 10 wash cycles. Shear rigidity in cotton fabrics increased continuously with repeated washing cycles, however, that in rayon fabrics did not show any change as washing went on. Friction coefficient increased in both fabrics after 10 wash cycles, and this is thought to be attributed to the wrinkle, interlocking of hairs, surface damage resulted from repeated washings. In cotton fabrics made of staple yarns, short hairs on the yarn surface entangled together with repeated launderings. This resulted in the continuous increase in % shrinkage, shear rigidity, friction coefficient. Rayon fabrics made of filament yarns, however, did not show this phenomenon. Softener treated fabrics showed the lowest values in bending rigidity, shear rigidity and friction coefficient because the cationic surfactants adsorbed on the fiber surface behaved like lubricants. The biodegradability of fabrics was noticeably affected by the composition of washing solutions. The fabrics washed with detergents and bleaches were decomposed faster than those washed with the others were and the cotton fabrics washed with detergents and softeners hardly degraded. The fabrics soiled with milk were decomposed almost completely and those soiled with Palmitic acid did not degrade greatly.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.244-251
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• 2016

Viscose rayon filament fabrics have been called 'artificial silk' and beloved as summer clothing materials for a long time in Korea. This is because the viscose rayon filament fabrics reveals glossy surface and cool touch feeling compared to other conventional fabrics composed of staple fibers. Therefore, we tried to prepare the higher value added viscose rayon filament fabrics for summer textile products. In this study, we applied gallnut extract to the viscose rayon filament fabric to develop summer fabrics with natural color and multi-functions such as antibacterial and antioxidant properties. This process also pursue eco-friendly and multi-functional fabric finishing from the natural material "gallnut". In addition, various pre-treatment with cationizer, chitosan, or chito-oligomer was applied to the finishing process to improve the finishing efficacy and durability. Consequently, it was found that the active component of gallnut extract was successfully incorporated to the viscose rayon filament fabric through a pad-dry-cure process. And, the treated viscose rayon filament fabrics showed excellent antibacterial and antioxidant properties. Therefore, it was expected that the rayon filament fabrics treated by gallnut extract could be used as effective summer fabrics preventing the growth of bacteria and skin ageing as well as providing cool touch feeling. However, the pre-treatments were not that meaningful on the functionalities but effective on coloring.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.661-668
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• 1997

The dyeing characteristics of acorn was investigated. The natural Fabrics-cotton, rayon and silk-were dyed repeatedly in the solution extracted from acorn, CuSO4, K2Cr2O7 and brine were used as mordants to improve color fastness. Anti-bacterial property was measured in the dyed and mordant treated fabrics. When the cotton and rayon fabrics were dyed and treated with CuSO4, their colors showed very clear. They also had good color fastness and excellent anti-bacterial property. The dyed silk fabrics had better dye absorption property than the cotton and rayon fabrics without mordant treatment. But the fabrics dyed without mordant treatment had low light fastness. The cotton, rayon and silk fabrics dyed and treated with brine were dark and unclear. An aftertreatment with CuSO4 and K2Cr2O7 made the dyed fabrics darter and more clear.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.174-184
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• 2010

This research was carried out to find the dyeing properties of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi on the rayon and cotton fabrics. The best proper dyeing conditions were examined by changing dye concentrations, dyeing temperature, dyeing time, and dyeing repitition. Also dyeability and surface color changes were evaluated by various mordanting methods and agents. The maximum absorption of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi were at 275nm and 362nm. The optimum dyeing conditions on the cotton were 80%, $80^{\circ}C$, 40minutes, 4 repitition, and those on the rayon were 80%, $80^{\circ}C$, 60minutes, 5 repitition. The K/S values of rayon and cotton fabrics were higher in pre-mordant than post-mordant. The K/S values on the rayons were lower than no mordant fabric except pre-Fe mordant, these on the cotton fabrics were higher than no mordant fabric except post-Al mordant. The value of ${\Delta}E$ was the highest in Fe mordanted fabrics, and higher on the cotton fabric than rayon. The surface colors of all mordanted fabrics were yellow.