• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.13-23
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• 2006

The vascular plants of the studied area in the Mt. Bangjang was listed 422 taxa : 106 families, 299 genera, 372 species, 1 subspecies, 46 varieties and 3 forms. Based on the list of the rare plants by the Forest Research Institute, 5 taxa were recorded in the studied areas; Lilium distichum(Preservation priority order : No. 159), Tricyrtis dilatata (No. 97), Aristolochia contorta (No. 151), Prunus yedoensis (No. 110), Patrinia saniculaefolia (No. 122) and based on the list of Korean endemic plants, 9 taxa were recorded; Cephalotaxus koreana, Carex okamotoi, Populus tomentiglandulosa, Salix purpurea var. japonica, Prunus yedoensis, Forsythia koreana, Paulownia coreana, Weigela subsessilis, Patrinia saniculaefolia. Specific plant species by floral region were total 29 taxa; Prunus yedoensis in class V, 3 taxa(Acer palmatum, Asperula lasiantha, Lonicera subhispida ) in class III, 5 taxa(Lilium distichum, Potentilla dickinsii, Caryopteris incana, Patrinia saniculaefolia, Ligularia fischeri) in class II, 20 taxa(Ulmus parvifolia, Clematis patens, Aconitum jaluense, Ilex macropoda, Grewia biloba var. parviflora etc.) in class I. The naturalized plants in this site were 13 families, 31 genera, 36 species, 2 varieties, 38 taxa and naturalization rate was 9.0% of all 422 taxa vascular plants. Because of recent rapid increase of cars and people around here, analysis shows many naturalized plants and high naturalized ratio. And wild plants disturbing ecosystem like Ambrosia artemisiifolia var. elatior have been increasing. So, it needs continuing control and conservation measures on the plant ecosystem.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.44-53
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• 2007

The vascular plants of the studied area in the Gyehwado was listed 378 taxa; 99 families, 259 genera, 322 species, 1 subspecies, 50 varieties and 5 forms. In this, Woody plants were 130 taxa (34.4%), Herbaceous plants were 248 taxa (65.6%) of all 378 taxa vascular plants. Pteridophyta were 7 families, 9 genera, 11 taxa (2.9%), Gymnospermae were 4 families, 5 genera, 9 taxa (2.4%) and Angiospermae were 88 families, 245 genera, 358 taxa (97.7%). Angiospermae in this, Monocotyledoneae were 10 families, 45 genera, 60 taxa (16.8%) and Dicotyledoneae were 78 families, 200 genera, 298 taxa (83.2%). Based on the list of the rare plants by the Forest Research Institute, recorded in the studied areas; Phacelurus latifolius (Preservation priority order; No. 194), Tricyrtis dilatata (No. 97), Aristolochia contorta (No. 151) and based on the list of Korean endemic plants, 6 taxa were recorded; Cephalotaxus koreana, Populus tomentiglandulosa, Carpinus coreana, Indigofera koreana, Forsythia koreana, Weigela subsessilis. Specific plant species by floral region were total 30 taxa; Wistaria floribunda in class IV, 5 taxa (Ligustrum ovalifolium, Callicarpa mollis, Lonicera subhispida, etc.) in class III, 24 taxa (Cephalotaxus koreana, Aristolochia contorta, Grewia biloba var. parviflora, etc.) in class I. The naturalized plants in this site were 12 families, 27 genera, 34 species, 2 varieties, 36 taxa and naturalization rate was 9.5% of all 378 taxa vascular plants.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.210-223
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• 2003

This study was carried out to investigate the flora of Mt. Baekwoon. The flora of Mt. Baekwoon was surveyed from October, 2000 to August, 2001. In the results of survey, the vascular plant species in Mt. Baekwoon were summarized as 468 taxa; 90 families, 272 genera, 411 species, 1 subspecies 49 varieties and 7 forms. The rare plants designated by Korea Forestry Service were nine species; Lilium distichum, Gastrodia elata, Viola diamantica, Hylomecon hylomeconoides, Aristolochia contorta, Asarum maculatum, Rodgersia podophyllu, Viola albida, Scopolia japonica and Scrophularia koraiensis. And the endemic plants were nineteen species; Asarum maculatum, Melandryum seoulense, Clematis trichotoma, Aconitum pseudo-laeve var. erectum, Hylomecon hylomeconoides, Chrysosplenium barbatum, Spiraea prunifolia for. simpliciflora, Robus hongnoensis, Vicia venosa var. cuspidata, Tilia taquetii, Viola seoulensis, Viola diamantica, Ajuga spectubilis, Scrophularia koraiensis, Weigela subsessilis, Adenophora remotiflora, Cirsium setidens, Saussurea macrolepis and Saussurea seoulensis.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.475-486
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• 2015

This survey was conducted in order to investigate the vascular plants of Hak Reservoir Valley in the DMZ Area, Korea. The vascular plants were collected six times (from April 2014 to November 2014) and consisted a total of 238 taxa; 69 families, 172 genera, 206 species, 2 subspecies, 26 varieties and 4 forms. The observed rare plant species as designated by Korea Forest Service were 3 taxa including Carex capricornis Meinsh. ex Maxim., Acorus calamus L., Penthorum chinense Pursh. Endemic plant species were 2 taxa including Salix koriyanagi Kimura, Clematis brachyura Maxim. 17 taxa were listed as specific plant species based on phytogeographical in the investigated area. 25 taxa were recorded as naturalized plants, and their Naturalization Ratio and Urbanization Index were recorded as 10.46%, and 7.78%, respectively. Of the 238 taxa listed; 105 were pasturing plants, 92 edible plants, 76 medicinal plants, 24 ornamental plants, 6 stain plants, 4 timber plants, 2 fiber plants, 2 industrial plants and 55 unknown plants.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.308-316
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• 2018

Background: Genus Sasa, dwarf bamboos, are considered to be species that lower biodiversity in the temperate forests of East Asia. Although they have a long interval, they, the monocarpic species, have a unique characteristic of large-scale synchronized flowering. Therefore, once they have flowered and then declined, it may be an opportunity for suppressed surrounding species. A previous study reported that Sasa borealis showed specialized flowering nationwide with a peak in 2015. However, this was based on data from a social network service and field survey at Mt. Jeombong. Therefore, we investigated S. borealis in the forests of five national parks in order to determine whether this rare synchronized flowering occurred nationwide, as well as its spatial distribution. Results: We found a total of 436 patches under the closed canopy of Quercus mongolica-dominated deciduous forests in the surveyed transects from the five national parks. Of these patches, 75% occupied a whole slope area, resulting in an enormous area. The patch area tended to be larger in the southern parks. Half (219 patches) of the patches flowered massively. Among them, 76% bloomed in 2015, which was consistent with the results of the previous report. The flowering rate varied from park to park with that of Mt. Seorak being the highest. The culms of the flowering patches were significantly taller (F = 93.640, p < 0.000) and thicker (F = 61.172, p < 0.000). Following the event, the culms of the flowering patches declined, providing a good opportunity for the suppressed plant species. The concurrent massive flowering of the mature patches was believed to be triggered by some stress such as a spring drought. Conclusion: We confirmed that the rare synchronized flowering of S. borealis occurred with a peak in 2015 nationwide. In addition, we explored that S. borealis not only monopolized an enormous area, but also dominated the floors of the late-successional Q. mongolica-dominated deciduous forests. This presents a major problem for Korean forests. As it declined simultaneously after flowering, there are both possibilities of forest regeneration or resettlement of S. borealis by massively produced seeds.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.13-30
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in vegetation and flora after five years through field surveys data with the Han Gang Watershed Management Committee (2013) data in order to observe natural vegetation changes in the riparian zone of Han River watershed. As a result, the flora of the riparian zone in 2012 were listed total 231 taxa, 66 families, 158 genus, 207 species, 23 varieties, and 1 forms, and in 2017, a total 247 taxa, 74 families, 174 genus, 218 species, 27 varieties, and 2 forms were identified. The number of rare plants decreased from 4 taxa in 2012 to 2 taxa in total in 2017, and the number of endemic plants increased from 1 taxa to 3 taxa. The number of specific plants by floral region decreased from 21 taxa (9.1% of all 231 taxa of flora) in 2012 to 16 taxa (6.5% of all 247 taxa of flora) in 2017. The total number of naturalized plants is analyzed to increase from 35 taxa, a naturalization rate of 15.15% (all 231 taxa of flora) and urbanization index of 11.2% (all 312 taxa of naturalized plants) in 2012 to 44 taxa a naturalization rate of 17.8% (all 231 taxa of flora) and urbanization index of 14.1%(all 312 taxa of naturalized plants) in 2017. The ecosystem disturbance species showed an increase in both number of species and cover degree grades, indicating that the riparian zone changed in a negative direction.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.181-189
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• 1992

Dictyostelid cellular slime molds were quantitatibly isolated from the soils of mt.halla (above 900m in altitude), korea, according to the 'clonal isolation technique(cavender and raper, 1965a)'. Total fifteen species were found, including 1 new and 6 undescribed species.these are dictyostelium mucorodes, dictostelium minutem,polysphondylium pallidum fasciculatum, polysphondylium violaceum, dictyostelium flavidum,dictyostelium fasciculatum, polysphondylium violaceum, dictyostelium flavidum sp. n.(HL-1),dictyostelium aureo-stipes var. aureo-stipes, dictyostelium capitatum, dictyostelium giganteum,dictyostelium polycephalum,dictyostelium brefeldianum,dictyostelium macrocephalum, and dictyostelium sphaerocephalum, dictyostelium sp. (HL-2), dictyostelium sp. (CJ-9). D. mucoroides was the dominant species, and D. minutam,p.pallidum, d. fasciculatum, and p. violaceum were relatively common. d. polycephalum, d. brefeldianum, d. macrocephalum, dictyostelium sp. (HL-3), and d. sphaerocephalum were very rare. Species diversity appeared to be the highest in the deciduous broad-leaved forest from the soils of which 14 species were isolated. eight species were, including five undescribed species, isolated only from this forest soils. Number of isolates severely decrease at the forests above 1,500m in altitude.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.49-52
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• 1977

The author has collected as many as 35 species belonging to 25 genera in 18 families by trap net in the fishing ground of Chromis notatus along Seogwipo coast in Jeju-do. Among 35 species included are 6 species of Labridae, 4 species of Scorpaenidae, 3 species of Pomacentridae, and 3 species of Monacanthidae. In regard to the amount of catch, more than $90\%$ are Chromis natatus which are mainly caught within the depth of $15\~25m$, and the rest are largely Apogon semilineatus and those belonging to Labridae. ; Some ornamental fishes, subtropical fishes and some rare species are also collected.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.61-66
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• 1998

The fish fauna and community structure were surveyed at the Naerin Stream of Puk'an River from June 1996 to September 1997. The fishes collected were 36 species, 28 genera belonging to 10 families, in which 16 species were endemic species of Korea. Oncorhynchus mykiss was an exotic fish. The dominant species was Zacco temmincki(relative abundance 42.94%), and subdominant species was Moroco kumgangensis(12.91%). The rare species less than 0.03% of all were Opsariichthys bidens, Squalidus japonicus coreanus, Misgurnus mizolepis, Leiocassis ussuriensis and Siniperca scherzeri. The species diversity, evenness, and dominance index on the fish community were 0.947, 0.609, and 0.218.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.395-406
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• 2019

The aim of this study was to compile a species list of endemic water beetles of Mongolia and determine their distribution patterns. A total of 1,179 individuals of endemic water beetles were collected from nine different sub-basins (123 sample points) throughout the country. Currently, 21 endemic and sub-endemic species have been recorded in Mongolia. Eight of these species were strictly endemic. The endemic and sub-endemic species were found only among four families: Dytiscidae (10 out 99 spp.), Gyrinidae (1 out 7 spp.), Helophoridae (5 out 16 spp.), and Hydraenidae (5 out 13 spp.). The rate of endemism was higher in Hydraenidae than other families (38.4%). Endemic beetle fauna was most similar between the Onon and Kherlen River Basins (80%). Helophorus parajacutus Angus, 1970 was common in five sub-basins, but Agabus kaszabi $Gu{\acute{e}}orguiev$, 1972, Gyrinus sugunurensis Nilsson, 2001 and Ochthebius mongolicus Janssens, 1967 were recorded from only one sub-basin. In terms of sub-endemic species, Mongolia was mostly similar to the fauna of Eastern Siberia, Russia (73.7%) than other neighboring regions. Due to Mongolia's vast territory and different natural zones, endemism was exceptionally low (12.4%), but these data provide baseline information of endemic and rare species for their further conservation.