• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.138-150
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• 2024

This study is essential for advancing our knowledge about the interaction between long-range high-power lasers and energetic materials, with a particular emphasis on understanding the response of a 155-mm shell under various surface irradiations, taking into account external factors such as atmospheric disturbances. The analysis addresses known limitations in understanding the use of non-realistic targets and the negligence of ambient conditions. The model employs the three-dimensional level-set method, computer-aided design (CAD)-based target design, and a message-passing interface (MPI) parallelization scheme that enables rapid calculations of the complex chemical reactions of the irradiated high explosives. Important outcomes from interaction modeling include the accurate prediction of the initiation time of ignition, transient pressure, and temperature responses with the location of the initial hot spot within the shell, and the relative magnitude of noise with and without the presence of physical ambient disturbances. The initiation time of combustion was increased by approximately a factor of two with atmospheric disturbance considered, while slower heating of the target resulted in an average temperature rise of approximately 650 K and average pressure increase of approximately 1 GPa compared to the no ambient disturbance condition. The results provide an understanding of the interaction between the high-power laser and energetic target at a long distance in an atmospheric condition.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.22-30
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• 2009

Energy environment has been changing rapidly such as the fluctuation of oil prices and the effect on UNFCCC. Oil price change affects Korea's economy heavily due to her poor natural resources and large dependence of consumed energy resources. Korea takes the 4th place of importing the crude oil and 9th place in $CO_2$ emissions with the 1st place of $CO_2$ emissions increasing rate. Considering the current statue of Korea including oil price change and UNFCCC, Korea will be expected to be the Annex I nation due to Korean energy environments and the quantity of $CO_2$ emission. Energy technology development is a crucial key to cope with Korea's national energy security and environments. In this study, we establish the framework, which allocates the relative weights of assessment criteria and sub-criteria, for assessing and selecting R&D programs of energy technologies strategically. We integrated fuzzy theory and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) approach since the fuzzy AHP approach reflects the vagueness of human thoughts and perception effectively as making pairwise comparisons of criteria and alternatives. The fundamental data of this research results will support R&D planning phase for policy-makers and the production of well focused R&D outcomes.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.153-175
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• 2010

Firms must focus on innovative activities via R&D investment in order to secure competitive advantage and sustainable growth. However, their innovative activities do not always result in successful outcomes and are often obstructed by uncertainty and non-appropriability of technology being developed and by insufficient internal resources and capabilities to tap into it. In this situation, collaboration with external partners can be a part of good alternative strategy to solve those problems. This paper aims to analyze what factors lead to Korean manufacturing companies’ decision to collaborate with external partners for technology innovation. For empirical analysis, we used the Korean Innovation Data compiled by STEPI, government-funded research institute in Korea. The research findings are: 1) firms tend to participate in external collaboration for product innovation with greater firm size, more past collaboration experiences and when they belong to high-tech industries 2) unlike our expectation, our chosen ‘innovation-impeding’ factors are found not to contribute to the enhancement of collaboration for product innovation.

• STI Policy Review
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-21
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• 2010

To achieve the "low carbon green growth" vision, the first step is securing core technologies. Therefore, S&T policy direction for green technology development is urgently needed. As of 2008, investment in green technology (GT) development hovered around 10% of the government's total R&D budget. Thus, the Korean government developed a plan to increase that percentage to 15%, by 2013. To develop reasonable investment strategies for green technology development, targeted strategies that reflect technology and market changes by green technology area are needed. However, the overall planning and coordination of national GT development is currently split among, approximately, 10 government ministries. To establish an efficient green technology development system, the so-called "Green Technology R&D Council" should be launched in collaboration with the Presidential Committee on Green Growth and the National Science and Technology Council. Furthermore, to build a solid foundation for commercializing the outcomes of GT development projects and promote GT transfer, the government should undertake two initiatives. First, the government should reinforce GT R&D performance management, by establishing a GT R&D performance management and evaluation system. Second, the government should implement the "customized packaged support for promoting green technology business rights and commercialization" and present "e-marketplace for market-oriented green technologies". Creating a pan-ministerial policy for GT development policy would necessitate restructuring the HR(Human Resources) development system, which is currently separated by technology area. Based upon mid/long-term HR supply and demand forecasts, the government should design differentiated HR development projects, continuously evaluate those projects, and reflect the evaluation results in future policy development. Finally, to create new GT-related industries, the "Green TCS (Testing, Certification, and Standards) System" needs to be implemented. For objective evaluation and diffusion of R&D results by green technology area, a common standardization plan for testing, analysis, and measurement, like the "Green TCS", should be developed and integrated.

• STI Policy Review
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.152-171
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• 2012

In April 2001, many Japanese national institutes were reorganized as Independent Administrative Institutions (IAI) based on the General Act for Independent Administrative Institutions and the act for each institution. Under the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), the National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) was established by the merger of the National Research Institute for Metals (NRIM) and the National Institute for Research in Inorganic Materials (NIRIM). One of the biggest changes was the expansion of autonomous administration. The nanotechnology and material R&D field was prioritized in the 2nd (2001-2005) and the 3rd (2006-2010) Science and Technology Basic Plans; subsequently, NIMS was assigned to take the initiative in nanotechnology as well as materials science. NIMS has proactively expanded research fields through the introduction of researchers from polymers, electronics, and biotechnology as well as member institutes of the World Materials Research Institute Forum (WMRIF). Globalization has been promoted through programs that include the International Center for Young Scientists (ICYS) and the International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA). The 4th Science and Technology Basic Plan (2011-2015) emphasizes outcomes-recovery and rebirth from the disaster, green innovation, and life innovation. The Midterm Plan for NIMS also follows it. R&D collaboration by multi-partners (that include industry, university, and GRI) should be strategically promoted where GRI are especially required to play a hub function for innovative R&D and open innovation. NIMS highlights are Tsukuba Innovation Arena (TIA) and the Nanotechnology Platform Project. On January 20, 2012, a new organization was decided on by the Japanese Government where several IAI from different science and technology areas will be merged to realize more effective R&D as well as administrative cost reductions. NIMS is also supposed to be merged with 4 other R&D IAI under MEXT by the end of 2013.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.561-589
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• 2015

Up to present science and technology (S&T) policy in Korea has focused on producing academic papers and patents through the increase of investment on research and development (R&D). However, as the role of science and technology on boosting national economy has been emphasized and the current government has established 'creative economy' as a main policy agenda, 'technology commercialization' has been moving onto the center of S&T policy. Technology commercialization policy encourages R&D outcomes of public R&D institutions to be utilized in private firms for their new business development, and this concept is in line with out-bound open innovation, in the sense that it involves the flow of technological knowledge from public R&D institutions to private firms. Based on this understanding, this paper analyses government technology commercialization programs and attempts to suggest policy implications. The results suggest that future technology commercialization policy (1) be specialized in a way of reflecting the characteristics of each government ministry, (2) strongly support technology licensing-out, (3) strengthen the linkage between each programs, and (4) nurture expert groups, such as accelerators who can help and foster technology start-ups.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.359-369
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• 2002

Nuclear power plant is a huge system with multidisciplinary technology. So, R & D prioritization is a not a simple task and the relative importance of each prioritization criterion is not well established. This study built a technology classification chart for nuclear power plant operation and maintenace, established the relative importance of prioritization criteria and assigned the relative importance of each technology at each level. Analytical Hierarchy Process was used for the prioritization and the result was validated with Consistency Index and outcomes of fields interview.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.405-426
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• 2010

Functions of metadata, semantic and syntatic schemas, metadata service such as registries, repositories, the optimal metadata retrieval, and several considerations of implementation of digital libraries were the research scopes of this investigation. R&D outcomes of metadata subjects in the domestic community for the past 10 years were searched and analyzed. It illustrated the major results, distinctive trends as well as some insufficient aspects to satisfy the researchers and operators of metadata system development.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.295-312
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• 2017

The purpose of this case study is to understand the sustainability practices of knowledge transfer process at the Malaysian government-industry-academia consortium. At this stage in the research, the R&D consortium is defined as an established entity by two or more organizations that pool resources and shared decision making for cooperative research and development activities. In attempts to understand the formation, outcomes and sustainability of the sustainable knowledge transfer process, this paper conducted a systematic literature review based on Gough, Oliver and Thomas systematic reviews protocol. From the review, the data were enriched and enhanced with a better understanding of sustainable knowledge transfer process. The systematic review resulted in identifying six factors including internal and external perspectives. However, key sustainability factors are not only directly influencing KTP, and the consortium, but are also mediated by other organisational variables.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.284-289
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• 2015

In cases of severe alveolar bone atrophy in the posterior maxillary area, which has only a thin sinus floor, the autogenous tooth bone graft block (ABTB) was used to wrap the implant to enhance its primary stability and osseointegration in the sinus. These cases with four years of clinical follow-up demonstrate the applicability of the ABTB in maxillary sinus membrane elevation to improve the outcomes of implant placement.