• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.888-895
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• 1998

Malaria is one of the most common infectious diseases in the world. Plasmodium falciparum, accounting for nearly all malaria mortality, kills an estimated 1 to 2 million persons yearly and has several features that make it deadlist of malarias. While cerebral malaria is the most common presentation of severe disease, acute lung injury associated with malaria is uncommon but serious and fatal complication. We report two cases of severe malaria with ARDS and multi-organ failure. All two patients traveled to foreign countries, Kenya, Papua New Guinea where choroquine-resistant malaria is distributed. The first case, which developed cerebral malaria, hypoglycemia, multi-organ failure, and ARDS, treated with quinine and mechanical ventilator, but expired due to oxygenation failure. Autopsy showed acute necrotizing infiltration, diffuse eosinophilic fibrinoid deposits along the alveolar space, and alveolar macrophage with malaria pigment The second case also developed multi-organ failure, followed by ARDS, and was treated with quinine, exchange transfusion, plasmapheresis, and mechanical ventilator. He recovered with residual restrictive lung change after treatment.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.117-122
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• 2017

흑수열은 급성 혈관 내 용혈, 발열과 검붉은색 소변 등의 증상을 보이는 증후군으로, 말라리아 및 불규칙적인 키닌의 투약과 관련 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 국내에서는 삼일열 말라리아만 발생하고 있으나, 최근 말라리아 유행지역을 여행한 해외여행객들로부터 열대열 말라리아의 해외 유입 보고가 증가하고 있다. 따라서 의료진들은 열대열 말라리아와 그 합병증에 대해 알 필요가 있다. 본 증례는 쇼크를 동반한 중증 열대열 말라리아 이후에 흑수열이 합병한 14세 여자에 대해 보고하는 바이다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.72-77
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• 1984

A case of congenital malaria infection has been studied in a 46-day old female Korean infant. Her mother suffered from malaria infection during pregnancy in Uppervolta, Africa, and returned to Korea at the 9th month of gestation for delivery. At 39 days of age, the clinical features characterized by fever, irritability, pallor, jaundice and hepatosplenomegaly were developed. The laboratory data revealed a hemolytic anemia with thronbocytopenia, hyperbilirubinemia and increased hepatic enzyme values. A peripheral blood smear demonstrated intraerythrocytic malarial parasites and gametocytes of Plasmodium falciparum. She was successfully treated with quinine solfate (25mg/kg/day in three doses for 5 days) and trimethoprimejsulfamethoxazole (8mg/kg/day in two doses for 5 days) orally, and repeated blood smear had been negative for malaria. This report also signifies the first description of congenital malaria in Korea imported from Uppervolta in Africa. A brief review of related literature was made.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.43-47
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• 1979

In order to get taste sensation 116 male and 82 female subjects were tested by dropping solution on tongue. Table I shows the number of subjects in each selected age group. none of the subjects complained gastrointestinal discomforts and drinking and smoking habits were moderate (Less than 5 cigarettes a day). Taste sensation was elicited by applying standard tap water solutions of sucrose(sweet), , sodium chloride(salty), citric acid (sour) and quinine (bitter) on tongue. The dour concentrations of each solution are given in Table 2. The test were done about 1 hour after meal . A drop of approximately 0.1 ml of the lowest concentration of solution was placed on tongue. The number of subjects who recognized the taste of concentrations were recorded in each age group. The obtained results were as follows ; 1. The sweet taste sensation of each age group was more sensitive in female than in male. 2. Decreased level of sensitivity to sweet. salty, sour and bitter taste was detected in the 40 year age group. 3. Females tent to be more sensitive to taste than males generally.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2006

The primary metabolism of pyribenzoxim was studied in rat liver microsomes in order to identify the cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoform(s) and esterases involved in the metabolism of pyribenzoxim. Chemical inhibition using CYP isoform-selective inhibitors such as ${\alpha}$-naphthoflavone, tolbutamide, quinine, chlorzoxazone, troleandomycin, and undecynoic acid indicated that CYP1A and CYP2D are responsible for the oxidative metabolism of pyribenzoxim. And inhibitory studies using eserine, bis-nitrophenol phosphate, dibucaine, and mercuric chloride indicated pyribenzoxim hydrolysis involved in microsomal carboxylesterases containing an SH group (cysteine) at the active center.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.194-200
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• 2017

Moringa oleifera Lam. or munga is one of the most important plant widely cultivated in India. It belongs to family Moringaceae. This plant is widely used as nutritional herb and contains valuable pharmacological action like anti-asthmatic, anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-fertility, anti-cancer, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, cardiovascular, anti-ulcer, CNS activity, anti-allergic, wound healing, analgesic, and antipyretic activity, Moringa oleifera Lam. The plant is also known as Horse - radish tree, Drumstick tree. Every part of this plant contains a valuable medicinal feature. It contain rich source of the vitamin A, vitamin C and milk protein. Different types of active phytoconstituents like alkaloids, protein, quinine, saponins, flavonoids, tannin, steroids, glycosides, fixed oil and fats are present. This plant is also found in the tropical regions. Some other constituents are niazinin A, niazinin B and niazimicin A, niaziminin B. The present review discusses the phytochemical composition, medicinal uses & pharmacological activity of this plant.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.127-131
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• 2001

The authors performed the taste threshold tests in two patients complaining taste problem who visited the Department of Oral Diagnosis, Seoul National University Dental Hospital. The taste thresholds were determined using a concentration series of five tastants, sucrose ( sweet ), NaCl ( salty ), citric acid ( sour ), quinine hydrochloride ( bitter ) and monosodium glutamate ( umami ). The taste solutions were diluted by half quarter logarithmic steps. The two patients showed higher taste thresholds level than normal but the taste threshold results did not coincide with the patients appeal. Further researches are needed for developing simple and precise diagnostic methods which can be applied to the patients with taste disorder.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.25-34
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• 1983

가토의 문맥 절편에서 비 코린성-비 아드레나린성 이완반응에 대한 약리학적 성질을 규명하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 가토 문맥 절편에 있어서 비 코린성-비 아드레나린성 전기자극반응은 자극빈도의 증가에 따라 예민하게 증가하였으며, $Ca^{++}$에 이하여 크게 영향을 받았고, $Ca^{++}$농도를 달리하고 ATP를 첨가하여 이완반응은 일어났으나 이는 전극자극에 의한 반응에는 영향을 주지 아니하였다. 2) ATP, ADT 및 adenosine에 대한 반응은 용량에 의존하여 이완반응은 보였으나 자극에 의한 반응에는 크게 영향을 미치지 아니하였다. 3) Quinine과 isobutyl-methyl xanthine을 투여하였을 때 용량에 따라 긴장도의 하강을 나타내었을 뿐 이완반응은 길항하지 아니하였다. 4) 4-AP, $1{\mu}g/ml$존재하에서 전기자극에 대한 이완반응 폭은 서서히 증가하였고 대량의 4-AP에 의하여 는 긴장도가 하강하였다. 5) 4-AP반복투여후의 전기자극에 이한 반응은 대조군과 비교하여 큰 변화가 없었으나, adenosine을 반복투여하였을 때는 대조군에 비하여 증가를 나타내었다. 6) $^3H-purine$의 유출은 전기자극에 의하여는 경미하나 ATP나 adenosine투여로 현저히 증가하였으며, 4-AP, TTX 및 adenosine 반복투여후에도 $^3H-efflux$의 변동을 나타내지 아니하였다.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.31-43
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• 1985

$(Ca^{2+}+Mg^{2+})$-ATPase를 쥐의 근소포체로부터 sucrose density gradient centrifugation의 방법을 사용하여 분리 정제하였다. 정제된 효소를 폴리아크릴 아마이드 젤에서 전기영동한 결과, 토끼와 닭의 경우에서와 같이 분자량 115,000인 단일 단백질 띠로 나타났다. 정제된 이 효소의 활설도는 50 $\\muM$의 $Mg^{2+}, Ca^{2+}, Co^{2+}, Fe^{2+}, Min^{2+}$에 의해서는 증가되었고, 같은 농도의 $Zn^{2+}, Cu^{2+}, Hg^{2+}$에 의해서는 감소되었다. Quinine와 quinacrine 같은 antimalarial drug는 이 효소의 활성도에 큰 영향을 주지 않았으나, p-hydroxymercuric benzoate와 phenylmethylsulfonylfluoride는 이 효소의 활성을 억제하였다. 이 효소는 pH 6과 7 사이에서 가장 높은 활성을 나타내었고, ATP를 기질로 사용하였을 때 Km 값은 98 $\\muM$이었다. $(Ca^{2+}+Mg^{2+})$-ATPase는 microsomal fraction에서 선택적으로 분해되었다. $^{3}H-casein$ 이나 ^{125}I-insulin같은 방사성 동위원소로 표지된 기질을 사용하여 단백질 분해에 대한 활성도를 조사해 본 결과, microsomal preparation에 metalloendoprotease가 존재하였다. 그러나 아직까지는 그 효소가 $(Ca^{2+}+Mg^{2+})$-ATPase를 분해하는지는 확실하지 않다.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 2006년도 Proceedings of The Convention
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• pp.127-130
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• 2006

Coenzyme Q10(CoQ10) is a biological quinine compound that is widely found in living organisms including yeast, plants, and animals. CoQ10 has two major physiological activities:(a)mitochondrial electron-transport activity and (b )antioxidant activity. Various clinical applications are also available: Parkinson's disease, Heart disease, diabetes. Because of its various application filed, the market size of CoQ10 is continuously expanding all over the world. A Japanese company, Nisshin Pharma Inc. is the first industrial producer of CoQ10(1974). CoQ10 can be produced by fermentation and chemical synthesis. In several companies, these two methods are used for the production of CoQ10:chemical synthesis - Yungjin, Daewoong, Nishin Parma; fermentation - Kaneka, Kyowa, Yungjin, etc. Researchs in microbial production of CoQ10 have several steps: screening of producing microorganisms, strain development, fermentation process, purification process, scale-up process, plant production. Several strategies are available for the strain development : Random mutation and screening, directed metabolic engineering. For the optimization of fermentation process, various conditions (nutrient, aeration, temperature, culture type, etc.) are considered. Purification is one of the most important step because the quality of final products entirely depends on its purity. The production cost will be reduced and the quality of the CoQ10 will be impoved by continuous researches in strain development, fermentation process, purification process.