• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.293-310
• /
• 2000

This study was performed to investigate rehabilitation service patterns of stroke patients in metropolis of Korea. Seoul, Taegu. Taejon, Pusan and Kwangju from April-July. 2000. Authors developed questionnair, and distributed it to each physical therapist. Total number of distributed questionnaire was 800, and 622 questionnaire were collected and analysed. 1. The occurrence rate of ischemic stroke$(51.1\%)$ was higher than hemorrage stroke$(48.9\%)$. The highest incidence of the stroke was noted in the group or60 years and ratio of male to female 1.3:1 2. The several warning sign is motor deficit$(50.3\%)$, headache. dizziness. vomitting$(32.6\%)$ and difficulty speaking or understanding$(8.2\%)$. 3. The most important contributing factor of stroke was hypertension both hemorrage stroke$(50.7\%)$ and ischemic stroke$(47.2\%)$. 4. In the painful stroke patients$(53.4\%)$, the major problems were shoulder pain$(55.1\%)$ and shoulder-hand syndrome$(31.9\%)$. There is no clinical method for relieving the pain. 5. The seasonal preference was winter and autumn followed by summer and spring in regardless of diagnosis. 6. In the surgery, hemorrage stroke$(61.2\%)$ was higher than ischemic stroke$(13.5\%)$. 7. The major associated impairment were motor deficit$(99.0\%)$, hearing and speech deficit$(30.9\%)$.perception deficit$(15.9\%)$. psychological deficit$(14.1\%)$ and vision deficit$(10.6\%)$. We need more role of speech pathologist and psychotherapist. 8. The rehabilitation services for stroke patients were given only $15\%$ by onset. 9. Medical doctor did not checking everyday$(41\%)$. 10. Patents said that the physical therapist well understanding$(60.1\%)$ than medical doctor$(36.2\%)$ about their conditions.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.163-178
• /
• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of Sasang constitutional types in the university students. Methods : One hundred fifty students of Woosuk University participated in this study and their majors were Korean medicine, nursing science and pharmacy. The Sasang constitutional types were determined by the results of Two Step Questionnaire for Sasang Constitution Diagnosis (TS-QSCD). The subjects were also tested by Academic Motivation Tests (AMT), Multi-dimensional Learning Strategy Tests (MLST) and Learning Style Questionnaire of Sasang Constitution (LSQ-SC). The subscale scores of AMT, MSLT and each questions of AMT, MLST, LSQ-SC were compared among the different Sasang constitutions using analysis of variances (ANOVA). Results : There were no significant differences in AMT results between Sasang constitutions. In subscales of AMT, Feeling scales (FTF) scores of Soyangin was significantly higher than Taeeumin. Other subscales of AMT were not different between Sasang constitutions. There were no significant differences in MLST results between Sasang constitutions. Subscales of MLST were not different between Sasang constitutions. There were many questions between Soyangin and other constitutions in the analysis of questions of AMT, MLST, and LSQ-SC, and less between Taeeumin and Soeumin. Conclusions : These results suggest that the characteristics of Soyangin is more prominent compared with other constitutions in the learning style, and there were a little differences between Soeumin and Taeeumin.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.1-15
• /
• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the effect between job stress in jobholders and xerostomia. Methods : 250 jobholders living in Jecheon city were the subjects of this questionnaire. The questionnaire was made up of three contents and 37 items: general characteristic(13), job stress(14), degree & behavior of xerostomia(10). The data were analyzed by two-sample t-test, one-way ANOVA to examine the subjects general characteristics, job stress and degree of xerostomia and were analyzed by Chi-square test to examine the subjects general characteristics, job stress and behavior of xerostomia. Results : Only 215 jobholders were evaluated due to inadequate responses. The results were as follow. 1. As general characteristic of jobholder, male(83.7%) were more than women(16.3%), 30~39 year-old(47%) in age variable, university graduation(63.7%) in the last educational background variable, 2~3 million won(31.2%) in the month average income variable, 1~5 year(33.5%) in tour of duty variable, non-smoker(47.9%) in smoking variable were most. Married(58.6%) were more than unmarried(39.5%). Alcoholic(69.8%) were more than non-alcoholic(30.2%). 2. As classification of job stress, high strain group was 28.4%, active group was 26%, low strain group was 24.2%, passive group was 21.4%. 3. Analysis of effect between general characteristic and degree & behavior of xerostomia showed smoker were statistical significantly higher than non-smoker on 'dry eat', 'Am-sal', 'Night awake', 'Slip-liq'and 'Gumcandy'(p<0.05) and showed alcoholic were statistical significantly higher than non-alcoholic on 'Dry PM', 'Night awake, $H_2O$-bed'(p<0.05). 4. Analysis of effect between job stress and degree & behavior of xerostomia showed hight strain group were statistical significantly higher than low strain group on 'Dry PM', 'Dry-day', 'Am-sal', 'Eff-life'and 'Night awake'(p<0.05). Conclusions : As high strain group were higher than other groups on degree & behavior of xerostomia, stress would be factor that have an effect on xerostomia. Thus consider and management of stress is necessary for diagnosis and treatment of xerostomia.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
• /
• v.14 no.6
• /
• pp.871-879
• /
• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to investigate the appropriate management and implementation of the oral malodor prevention for the general people. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was filled out by 420 subjects in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province from March to October, 2013. Except 19 copies, 401 copies were analyzed. The instrument of subjective oral malodor awareness and status was adapted from Yoon and Youn and partly modified. The questionnaire consisted of general characteristics(4 questions), oral malodor awareness(3 questions), oral malodor related characteristics(3 questions), self-diagnostic test of oral malodor(5 questions), and subjective oral malodor and health status(3 questions). Self-diagnostic test of oral malodor was score as yes(1 point) and no(0 point). The subjective oral malodor and health status scoring was done by Likert 5 scale. Cronbach alpha was 0.713 in the self-diagnostic test of oral malodor. Results: The self-recognition rate of oral malodor was 0.8%. When the level of oral malodor increased to 1 point, the self-test of oral malodor increased as the rate of 0.033(p<0.05). Conclusions: There existed no close correlation between subjective recognition of oral malodor and oral malodor self-test. Therefore, oral malodor should be measured by an expert counseling to make an accurate diagnosis. It is important to establish the appropriate oral malodor prevention program for the general people.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.182-190
• /
• 1998

This study was conducted to compare food intakes between newly diagnosed diabetics and non-diabetics by food frequency questionnarie in adults in rural area. Food frequency questionnaire containing 65 food items was executed to 2,406 subjects over 30 years of age living inYeonchon-gun, Kyungki province. Frequency of consumption of each food items were divided into 9 categories ranging from 'over 3 tiemes a day' to 'never'. Fasting blood glucose levels were measured and 2-hour glucose tolerance test was administered for each subject. Newly diagnosed diabetics were identified as those with fasting blood glucose level ≥ 140mg/dl or 2-hour postprandial glucose level ≥200mg/dl and without previous diagnosis of diabetes. Intake frequencies of food items were compared between newly diagnosed diabetics and nondiabetics. For each food item examined, odds ratios for developing diabetes were calculated for people consuming more frequently, after adjusting for age, BMI and sex. Food intake frequencies were compared according to the occurrence of diabetes. Twenty four items were more frequently consumed by nonidabetics and 12 items were more frequently consumed by newly diagnosed diabetics. Odds ratios for diabetes were significantly lower for breads, biscuit, beef loin, beef tender loin, pork belly, fish paste, coffee, cola/cider, candy, beer, chongak kimchi, carrot, mushrooms and other white vegetables, banana, melon and juice. On the other hand, odds ratios for diabetes were higher for zucchini and garlic. Although this was a cross over prevalence study, the results indicate that consumption frequencies of several food items were related with the occurrence of diabetes in the study subjects.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.218-229
• /
• 2011

1. Objectives: This study is to investigate the relationship between Intima Media Thickness(IMT) of common carotid artery and Sasang Constitution. 2. Methods: 839 persons, over 40 years old, participated in community-based cohort of Korea Genome and Epiedemiology Study (KOGES) in Wonju City and Pyeongchang City of South Korea from June 2006 to February 2008. The diagnosis of Common carotid Intima Media Thickness was evaluated by B Mode ultrasonography, cardiovascular risk factors were checked using questionnaire and blood samples. Constitution was verified by a Sasang constitution specialist according to the results of PSSC(Phonetic System for Sasang Constitution), facial photos and a simplified Sasang constitutional questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis and logistic regression analysis were performed with SPSS. 3. Results: There were significantly high values in waist circumference, fasting blood sugar, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, triglyceride, HOMA-IR and hsCRP in Taeeumin and low in HDL-cholesterol and adiponectin in Taeeumin. There were significantly high value in Common Carotid Intima Media Thickness in Taeeumin. Age was the significant cardiovascular risk factor irrespective of Sasang constitution in all participants. There was a positive correlation between smoking and Soyangin in all participants and men. There were positive correlations between LDL-cholesterol, BMI and Taeeumin in all participants and men. There were positive correlations between hsCRP and Soeumin in all participants and men. There was significantly high odds ratio of Taeeumin over Soeumin in common carotid Intima Media Thickness. 4. Conclusions: Regimens on cardiovascular diseases should be considered according to Sasang constitution. There are more sensitive risk factor in each constitution; smoking in Soyangin, LDL-cholesterol and BMI in Taeeumin, hsCRP in Soeumin.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
• /
• v.48 no.1
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2018

Purpose: To evaluate osseous changes of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to correlate the imaging findings with the severity of TMJ dysfunction, clinical findings, and laboratory findings. Materials and Methods: This study consisted of 28 subjects, including 14 RA patients and 14 controls, who were scheduled to undergo CBCT imaging for the diagnosis of a complaint not related to or affecting the TMJ. The Fonseca's questionnaire was used to assess the severity of TMJ dysfunction. Rheumatoid factor (RF) and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were assessed in the RA patients. CBCT was then performed in all subjects and osseous TMJ abnormalities were assessed. Results: According to the Fonseca's questionnaire, 14.3% of the patients had no TMJ dysfunction, while 50%, 21.4%, and 14.3% had mild, moderate, and severe dysfunction, respectively. RF was positive in 64.3% of patients, and the ESR level was high in 100%. Imaging findings revealed a statistically significantly higher prevalence of erosion (85.7%), flattening (89.3%), osteophyte formation (32.1%), subchondral cyst (32.1%), sclerosis (64.3%), and condylar irregularities (28.6%) in the RA patients than in the controls. No correlations were found between CBCT findings and the clinical findings, the severity of TMJ dysfunction, disease duration, or laboratory results. Conclusion: RA patients might show extensive osseous abnormalities with no/mild clinical signs or symptoms of TMJ dysfunction that necessitate TMJ imaging for these patients. CBCT is a valuable and efficient modality that can assess osseous TMJ changes in RA patients.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.272-281
• /
• 2014

Objective: The provision of pharmaceutical care service in compliance with good pharmacy practice (GPP) standards is important, but there is lack of studies to investigate the barriers that significantly hinder community pharmacies in Korea from adhering to the standards. This study was aimed to identify the major barriers to provision of pharmaceutical care service in compliance with the proposed pharmacy practice standards which have been developed based on the GPP standards recommended jointly by WHO and FIP. Methods: Questionnaires reviewed by the expert committee were posted for 32 days on the website which is most frequently accessed by community pharmacists. The respondents completed them by checking the scores (Max=5, Min=1) for major barriers to provision of pharmaceutical care service focusing on patient information management and drug use review process in prescription fillings. The answered scores were automatically collected using online data processing. Mean differences between scored data were assessed by ANOVA. Results: Total 321 pharmacists participated in the survey. Results indicated that 'difficulty of diagnosis identification' (m=3.92, SD=1.21), 'lack of time' (m=3.48, SD=1.22) and 'lack of updated clinical information' (m=3.17, SD=1.10) were the major barriers to provision of pharmaceutical care service in patient information management. The main barriers to drug utilization review were 'lack of time' (m=3.32, SD=1.21), 'lack of updated clinical information' (m=3.11, SD=1.17), and 'negative feedbacks or refusals from prescribers' (m=3.00, SD=1.38). There were significant differences among the groups by location, employed number of pharmacists and acceptability to the proposed GPP standards. Conclusion: Difficulties in managing patient clinical information and lack of time were found to be the major barriers in providing pharmaceutical care services in community pharmacies in Korea. Further research is recommended to determine ways to reduce these barriers in order to provide quality pharmaceutical care service that is in compliance with the internationally recognized GPP guidelines.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.107-115
• /
• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy of growth exercise program based on Korean medicine. Methods : We recruited fifty two elementary students in a rural area, and measured height, weight, BMI, WHR, and bone age. Questionnaire on sleep, exercise, symptoms based on Korean medicine was performed. Students exercised TaeGuk(太極) Health Gigong(氣功), a growth exercise program 11 times in 6 weeks. Results : Height, weight, BMI and WHR of the subject students were lower than those in the Korean CDC(Center for Disease Control and Prevention) growth chart. There was significantly negative correlation between time of sleep and bone age(p=0.028), but no correlation between time of exercise and bone age(p=0.668). According to diagnosis based on Korean medicine, many students were in weakness of spleen and lung, and bone age according to deficiency of organ showed no significant difference(p=0.774). Satisfaction, impact on time of exercise after program, ideal time for program and impact on reparticipation of program were strong in the questionnaire after growth exercise program(TaeGuk(太極) Health Gigong(氣功)). Conclusions : Korean medicine promotion of health has a salutary effect on elementary school students in rural area by collecting growth and health data and educating easy exercise based on Taichi.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.119-130
• /
• 2002

Objective: The purpose of this research was to use data for furnish quality physical therapy service. The research subjects were admitted shoulder pain patients treated with physical therapy that was to grasp physical therapy method as distinguishing application time. Subject: Total number of distributed questionnaire was 563 persons that was to utilized physical therapy room of 56th medical institution and distributed it to each physical therapist in charge. Method: The research used questionnaire in order to research itemized treatment application time that is according to physical therapy method to applicated with shoulder pain patient. The research contents is to received shoulder pain diagnosis period, total duration of utilizing physical therapy room, the number of times per week to used physical therapy room, etc. And we had physical therapist recording the time of application physical therapy method come under the items. Result: The average treatment time was 59.2 minutes at all patients. During this time, 39.7 min was modality treatment. Active movement treatment was only 7.1 min. Total treatment time was longest in general hospital at 64.9 min, it was shortest in clinical hospital at 53.3 min. Treatment time was difference as hospital scale(p<0.001). Active movement treatment time was longest in general hospital at 11.5 min. The average treatment time was 4.5 min in clinical hospital. Therefore, it was related to hospital scale(p<0.05). The average of manual therapy time by physical therapist was 7.5 min. General hospital was linger at 8.6 min than clinical hospital at 6.7 min(p<0.05). Patient of 90.2 % were treated to hot pack, ultra-sound treatment was next as 50.1%. Active strengthening exercise was most carrying out of the active treatment as 25.4 %. Active sensorimotor exercise was practiced only 28 persons of 5.0 %. Most joint mobilization (38.4 %) was used of the passive manual therapy items, next to soft tissue mobilization (33.0 %), and next to manual distraction therapy(14.0 %).