• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.3-10
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• 1978

Human Engineering has an intention of design to keep the best condition of man-machine system. Hitherto the conception of design has been used to include existing engineering, as mechanical engineering and electric engineering. But the manufactured goods which to be made these process seem to be fully equipped on physical function, but faults come out discountent repeatedly to users. Accordingly, the development of industrial design has been demanded for improving functional design. It is considered that industrial design has aesthetical sensation. In actually, it must be 1. to provide for utility and safety, 2. easy for maintenance, 3. cheap at cost. 4. possible for sales appeal, 5. and good on appearance. As taking into consideration above five conditions, however, for 삯e sake of comprehend to human being about operating method of machinery and equipment, it should be reflected to design what kind of training way will be needed. Also, it must be considered what a certain extent would be occurred tiredness to human being. in other words. it should be considered the design to be possible the reflect to principle of motion economy, It should not be made adoption of human ability for the designed machinery, it must be adopted the method to consider the design on presuppose about human ability. For study of these actual fact, this paper is summarized the essence of human engineering, and also to find out the methodology as humanistic engineering, It is, Particularly, subdivisionization of operation in flow operation is essential direction of mechanization. Generally. as developing the subdivisionization of operation, it will be lack of satisfaction on operation which worker take charge of. The subdivisionization of operation makes the operation to simple-repetitive, to lose the interest of worker and will be also come into question to the feeling of worker's livelihood. It is human's fundamental desire to have get skilful function or special technique. But the subdivisionization of operation hold in those human's fundamental desire and so that it will likely to lose the sorority of living by this fact. Accordingly, this paper have an operation to hold out the methodology on presuppose about human ability.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.29-38
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• 2017

자살 위험성이 있는 사람이 주변지지 체계에 도움요청을 하는 행위는 자살예방에 있어서 매우 중요한 요소이다. 본 연구에서는 한국 군 병사를 대상으로 자살생각에 대한 도움요청의도에 영향을 미치는 요인과 그 기제를 파악하는 목적으로 수행되었다. 이를 위하여 총 471명의 한국 군 병사가 이 연구에 참여하였으며, 이들을 대상으로 사회적 낙인과 자기 낙인이 자살생각과 도움요청의도의 관계를 매개하는지를 살펴보았다. 연구 결과, 사회적 낙인과 자기 낙인은 자살생각과 도움요청의도를 부분 매개 하는 것으로 나타나, 자살생각은 낙인을 통해 간접적으로 도움요청의도에 영향을 미칠 뿐 아니라 직접적으로도 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 사회적 낙인은 자기 낙인을 강화시킬 뿐 아니라 직접적으로 도움요청 의도를 약화시키는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 한국 군 병사의 자살에 대한 도움요청 행동을 증가시키기 위해서는 사회적 낙인과 자기 낙인 모두를 감소시키는 자살예방개입이 필요하다는 것을 시사한다.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2006

The rice mill occurred from modernization process of the farming village. It comes to follow in intention of the architect and is not the position building. By the user of the building it comes to follow necessary and it is a position thing. The like this rice mill was the community center of the village. Also the material which is unique and form quality were land mark of the village. The object of research is the rice mill where it takes charge of a like this role. And the scope of research is 8 rice mills of Eomjeong Myeon Chungju City which is located in the northern Chungbuk area. The progress of research the documentary survey, actual measurement, question, field work it analyzed the construction quality which the rice mill keeps with base and it arranges. The results of study are follows; 1. conditions of location : The rice mill the entrance of the village, the crossroads system is formed most the place is doing in the place which well. 2. The inside composition of a space : In order to compose the work space and the store space efficiently the plane surface is doing a rectangular form. 3. Form of roof : The roof raises the efficient characteristic of the work where is not the design which is intended to be naturally formed from the space composition for. 4. Selection of material : Most it was a natural enemy and an utility, it selected the scientific material and it used.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제62권
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• pp.113-132
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• 2014

Judicial decisions make it clear that in all CIF, CFR and FOB contracts, incorporation of charter party into sale contracts is the only effective way for recovery of demurrage in the context of sale contracts. The case law would appear to clarify a number of important issues: The words of incorporation in the sale contract play a vital role in determining the extent of the influence of the charter party principles over the sale contract. Hence, unless it is expressly provided otherwise, the courts tend to apply the charter party principles to the incorporated charter party provisions to the extent that they make sense in the context of sale contract, and that they do not undermine the underlying foundations of international trade law. In this respect the courts also take into account the factual background of the case with a view to objectively ascertaining the intention of the parties. The law is, however, less clear on the effects of the incorporated charter party provisions in sale contracts. There is still no straightforward answer to the question of to what extent the charter party law is applied to the incorporated charter party provisions in the context of sale contracts. The case law on this matter merely provides piecemeal solutions, and it is not possible to extract a general rule which will help interpretation of those charter party provisions which have not yet been subject to litigation or arbitration. Therefore, it should be noted that the parties would prepare Incorporation Clause in their sale contracts in reliance of the rules to achieve the desired results.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2013

This study, with a space of cafeteria for the object, selected adjective and space for space evaluation based on existing dissertations and experts' survey so as to analyze the perception features by adjective into perception types. At space evaluation, the purpose of visiting the cafeteria was setup for test. Analysis of what perceptual information on the space was acquired enables to set up any features at a space and the direction of designing. The approach through the evaluation of space perception assigning this kind of observing intentionality can be applied to emotion technique which connects a designer to customers. From this study, the following conclusion has been reached. Frist, the difference at perception type by gender is formality, which is higher with women than men. When it is considered that other types are identical, it can be seen that the formality is the perception type to decide the selection of gender and has the highest average value among all the three types. On the whole, men have the tendency for regarding spaciality as the most important, while women have that for looking upon formality as such. Second, to the question what element they would see first when visiting for conversation, men and women answered respectively that they would see partition (35.6%) and chairs (38.0%). Men had a very strong propensity for the element of area section(partition) supporting the activity of purpose and women regarded the element of behavior support(chair) carrying out the activity of purpose as important. Third, the analysis of deviance shown at the formality of perception type showed that men had dispersive selection at the process of selecting all adjectives and their features at the process of space perception were higher than spaciality and fancine.

• 한국조사연구학회지:조사연구
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.73-89
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• 2009

패널조사가 시점 간 변화를 알아내는 데 있어 매우 유용한 조사방법론이기는 하지만 조사차수가 넘어갈수록 패널표본이 모집단 대표성을 잃어 간다는 단점이 있다. 이러한 표본의 왜곡은 패널 이탈과 조건화에 기인하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 4개월 동안 5회 측정된 KBS-MBMR의 2007년 대통령 선거 패널조사에서의 이탈과 조건화를 통계적 관점에서 검토해 본 것이다. 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 패널 이탈 성향은 여자가 남자보다 20대 60이하와 30대, 이상이 40대, 50대보다 선호(적합/지지) 후보를 묻는 질문에 대해 "없다/모른다/무응답"으로 대답한 사람(=DK 응답자)들이 선호후보 밝힘 응답자들보다 컸다. 둘째, 패널조사라는 반복측정이 선호후보 밝힘을 응답하도록 밀어붙이는 조건화 효과가 있음을 확인하였다. 셋째, 이러한 패널 이탈과 조건화에도 불구하고, DK 응답을 제외하는 경우 반복조사가 지지후보 응답에 영향을 주지 않았고 최종 투표의향에도 영향을 주지 않았다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈E:수학교육논문집
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.73-90
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• 2015

교사는 도형과 그래프를 포함하는 내용 영역에 대한 평가 문항을 제작하는데 있어서 문항이 포함하는 그림이 가지는 역할을 제대로 나타낼 수 있도록 도형과 그래프를 제시해야 한다. 본 연구는 2014 수능형 문항 출제 전문성 향상 연수에 참여한 교사들이 GeoGebra를 활용하여 도형과 그래프를 작도하고, 이를 활용하여 문항을 수정하는 과정과 이 과정에서 나타난 문항 제작에 대한 사례를 제시하고 문항제작에 대한 교사들의 인식을 살펴보고자 한다. 9명의 교사들은 연수 후 작성한 설문에서 GeoGebra를 활용한 문항 제작 과정을 통하여 문항 출제에 대한 자신의 한계를 극복하였고 GeoGebra가 창의적 문항 개발의 도구적 역할을 할 수 있다고 언급하였다. 이와 같은 결과를 토대로 교사들의 평가 문항 제작 능력 제고에 대한 시사점을 제공하고자 한다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.89-98
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• 2009

This study did question, and got following conclusion to ready necessary basic data to develop school oral health educational programs because grasp 388 man high school students in Jeolla-bukdo Namwon per June, 2008 realization about oral health and oral health education actual conditions. 1. Students of 56.7% recognized own oral health as is not healthy in realization about subjective oral health, and students of 72.2% were interested in oral health, and was recognizing oral fitness by important health problems. 2. Oral health realization by class was significant difference in toothbrushing reason, cause of dental caries, cause of periodontal disease. Students who respond that know adjusted water fluoridation did only for 10.3%, and it was 43.0% of students who responded that students of 57.0% do toothbrushing because of draft cleanliness, and responds that cause of dental caries is food dregs. 3. Responded that 87.1% is right toothbrushing by oral disease preservative, and next time was on-time oral medical examination 79.4%, smoking resection 58.5%, sugar intake limitation 55.4% round. 4. Students, who oral health education by interest degree of oral health is interested in oral health, is oral health educational experience and the need rate, participation intention was high when educate.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.390-397
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• 2010

Survey data from 654 adults (225 males, 429 females) were analyzed based on frequency, percentage, chi-square test, one-way ANOVA; and Duncan's multiple range test. The main results were based on the preference for chungkukjang_(CKJ) products using a 5-point Likert scale. According to the survey, traditional CKJ products received the highest score_(3.64) according to personal preference among all tested products. The responses to eight questions about CKJ products were also measured using a 5-point Likert scale. The question_ as to whether or not "CKJ has anticancer function" received the highest score_(4.24) while the "CKJ is good for hangover" scored the lowest. Regarding the preference for CKJ products, "good for health" (55.3%) and "unpleasant smell" (72.9%) were the most popular answers, Regarding the intention to eat CKJ food products, CKJ tofu was most often selected. Among the 11 items, CKJ tofu, CKJ steak, CKJ hamburger, CKJ ice cream; and CKJ vegetable salad were highly preferred foods. The percentage of respondents that expected "increasing" prospects for CKJ consumption was 55.2%, most likely because 76.9% of the respondents selected "healthy food". Regarding the reasons for decreasing prospects, 68.9% of the respondents chose "peculiar smell". In the same manner, 53.4% of adults replied that future quality improvement should "improve the smell".

• 무역상무연구
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• 제70권
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• pp.39-65
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• 2016

On 2013 the English court delivered a decision that the payment obligation under time charter party is a condition. According to this judgement, The Astra, a breach of the obligation to pay hire on time entitles the owner both to withdraw the ship and sue the charterers for damages for the difference between the contract and market rate for the remainder of the contracted period. On 2015, however, the English court stood at the other side. In Spar Shipping, the court confirmed that the obligation to pay hire is not a condition of the contract but an "innominate term" - from the charterers' breach ship owners can exercise their contractual right to withdraw, but owners' right to sue for damages depends on whether the charterers have deprived the owners of the substantial benefit of the contract, or shown an intention to do so. This article aims to compare both decisions over the points that (1) the importance of on-time payment under a time charter party, (2) as a critical and main question in this article, whether the mattered payment clause is a condition or innominate term, (3) whether the on-time payment clause is merely a penalty or a reasonable liquidated damage. Based on various reasons, I am on a position that the payment of hire is not a condition but an innominate term. Default in punctual payment by a charterer, in the absent of clear contractual agreement, needs to be decided further whether that breach removes the substantial benefit of the contract from the owners.