• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.137-158
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• 2000

측과 모델에서 각각 유도된 하부 성층권의 온도를 비교 ${\cdot}$ 분석하기 위하여 전구에 대한 1980-98년 기간의 위성관측 MSU 채널4 (하부 성층권) 밝기온도와 두 개의 대기대순환 모델(NCEP, 1980-97년; GEOS, 1981-94년) 재분석 자료를 상관 및 경험직교함수 분석을 통하여 조사하였다. 월평균 기후값의 아노말리에서 MSU 온도는 남반구 겨울에 고위도 지역에서 현저하게 감소하였으나 (20-22K), 남반구 봄인 10월에는 오스트레일리아의 이남 지역에서 하부 성층권 온도 및 오존 전량이 주목 할만하게 동시에 상승하였다. 열대지방에서는 온도 연주기가 중 ${\cdot}$ 고위도에 비하여 뚜렷하지 않았다. 전구 대부분의 지역에서관측과 모델 사이에 상관은 높았으나 (r${\ge}$0.95), 아열대 제트기류가 통과하는 20N-3ON 지역, 북미 대륙 그리고 안데스산맥 남단지역에서 낮았다(r${\sim}$O.75). MSU 및 모델 재분석들의 월평균값에 대한 모드 1은 연주기와 함께 화산 폭발시에 하부 성층권의 온도 상승을 나타냈다. 한반도 지역에 대한 분석은 하부 성층권 온도가 대류권과 대조적으로 여름에 하강하고 겨울에 상승하는 형태를 보였다. 열대 태평양에 대한 MSY 및 재분석들의 아노말리 모드 1은 화산폭발에 의한 하부 성층권 온도 상승을 나타냈다. 모드 2는 MSH와 GEOS에서 준2년 주기진동 (QBO), 그러나 NCEP에서 엘니뇨 특징을 보였다. 엘니뇨 특징은 MSU와 GEOS의 경우에 모드 3에서 나타났다. 관측과 모델 모두에서 하부 성층권 온도에 대한 기여율이 대체로 화산폭발, QBO, 엘니뇨 순으로 높았다. 열대 대서양의 결과도 무시할 만한 엘니뇨 기여를 제외하고 열대 태평양과 비슷하였다 본 연구는 하부 성층권 온도에 대한 위성관측과 모델 재분석 자료와의 비교를 통하여 상호 정확성을 진단할 수 있음을 보여준다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.77-94
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• 2002

This study was a quasi-experimental study of nonequivalent control group pretest- posttest design to investigate the effect of home rehabilitation exercise program on the physical and psychological functions of home stayed chronic hemiplegic stroke patients. The data were collected during the period of May 20th to August 15th, 200l. The subjects for this study were 40 hemiplegic stroke patients with the experimental group consisting of 19 patients and the control group being composed of 21 patients. The patients selected for this study were: (a)living in J city who had been diagnosed with stroke and at home after being discharged from the hospital, (b) suffering from stroke for 6 months to 5 years, (c) without recognition disorder with the MMSE-K(Mini-Mental State Examination-K)score above 25, (d) below 2 on the modified Ashworth scale, (e)free from heart and pulmonary disease, (f)able to walk beyond 15 minutes for themselves, (g) not taking regular exercises. The program for the experimental group provided 8 weeks' home rehabilitation exercise, two times of group education during the first week and individual education and supportive care after the second week through home visiting and telephoning more than once a week. The amount of time spent on rehabilitation exercise by the experimental group was 35 to 50 minutes a day, three times a week. In order to understand the effects of experiment the two groups were compared and verified by measuring the physical and psychological functions of both groups. The data were analysed by $\chi^{2}-test$, paired t-test and unpaired t-test and ANCOVA through SAS/PC program. The results of the study were as follows: 1. In terms of physical variables: grip strength. lower extremity muscle strength, walking time, ADL and serum lipid levels 1) There was no significant difference in the unaffected and affected grip strength between the two groups, even though the unaffected and affected grip strength was more improved in the experimental group than in the control group. 2) There was no significant difference in the unaffected lower extremity muscle strength between the two groups, even though the unaffected lower extremity muscle strength was more improved in the experimental group than in the control group. There was no significant difference either in the affected lower extremity muscle strength between the two groups, even though the affected lower extremity muscle strength was more improved in the experimental group than in the control group. 3) There was significant difference in walking time between the two groups. Walking time was significantly reduced in the experimental group whereas it increased in the control group. 4) There was significant difference in ADL score between the two groups. ADL score was significantly increased in the experimental group, but it significantly decreased in the control group. 5) There was significant difference in serum total cholesterol level between the two groups. After experiment the serum T-C level became lower in the experimental group whereas it became sigficantly higher in the control group. 2. In terms of psychological variables: depression and self-esteem 1) There was no significant difference in the depression between the two groups, even though the depression showed constant in the experimental group, but it showed a significant increase in the control group. 2) There was no significant difference in the self-esteem between the two groups, even though the self-esteem showed some increase in the experimental group, but it significant decrease in the control group. As shown above, the results of 8 weeks' home rehabilitation exercise program for chronic hemiplegic stroke patients produced positive effects on walking time, ADL score and serum T-C level, shortening walking time, improving activities of daily living(ADL) and lowering serum total cholesterol level.