• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.95-102
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• 2018

본 논문은 "의용소방대 설치 및 운영에 관한 법률"의 제정 및 시행으로 인한 의용소방대 조직의 학술적 개념 변화를 논의하고자 수행되었다. 이를 위해 의용소방대와 관변단체의 정의, 기능, 그리고 구성원의 보상을 관계법령, 지방자치단체 조례, 선행연구자료 등을 이용하여 비교 분석하였다. 연구결과, 의용소방대의 학술적 정의는 관변단체의 정의와 결부시켜 설명할 수 있었으며, 관변단체 중 행정말단조직의 기능을 갖고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 조직 구성원의 보상은 행정말단조직의 대표적인 예인 이 통장이 받고 있는 보상과 거의 흡사하였다. 결론적으로 의용소방대 조직의 학술적 개념이 자원봉사단체에서 관변단체의 행정말단조직으로 변화되었음을 확인하였다. 이 결과는 의용소방대 조직의 학술적 개념을 새로이 정립하는데 기여가 될 것으로 기대된다.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.35-52
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• 2023

본 연구는 혁신에 관한 이론적 논의를 검토하고, 위탁집행형 준정부기관의 특징을 바탕으로 혁신을 위한 방향을 탐색하는데 목적이 있다. 또한 지식창출을 위한 혁신의 주요 내용과 방향성을 탐색함으로서, 위탁집행형 준정부기관 혁신을 위한 방향을 도출하는데 목적이 있다. 혁신과제란 하나의 사업이자 공적 서비스이므로, 서비스의 혁신의 논의를 활용해 혁신과제 유형화를 위한 이론적 검토를 실시하고자 한다. 이론적 틀에 따르면 공공부문 혁신의 시작은 환경 및 사회적 가치의 변화를 탐색하는데서 시작한다. 이 과정을 통해 혁신의 목표와 방향은 물론이고 기관별 핵심역량과 연계된 혁신 과제를 설정하게 된다. 이때 주의할 점은 제도적 조건과 해당 위탁집행형 준정부기관의 특성을 고려해야 한다는 점이다. 결론적으로 이러한 특성을 고려하여, 위탁집행형 준정부기관들은 자신들의 혁신과제 달성을 위한 노력을 확인하고, 자신이 어느 유형에 속하는지 혁신의 추진여건을 진단할 필요가 있다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.487-494
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• 2023

Objectives: Community organization is a resident-led movement aimed at creating fundamental social changes in the community by resolving its problems through the organized power of its residents. This study evaluated the effectiveness of health community organization (HCO), Gangwon's Health-Plus community program, implemented from 2013 to 2019 on residents' health behaviors. Methods: This study had a before-and-after design using 2011-2019 Korea Community Health Survey data. To compare the 3-year periods before and after HCO implementation, the study targeted areas where the HCO had been implemented for 4 years or longer. Therefore, a total of 4512 individuals from 11 areas with HCO start years from 2013 to 2016 were included. Complex sample multi-logistic regression analysis adjusting for demographic characteristics (sex, age, residential area, income level, education level, and HCO start year) was conducted. Results: HCO implementation was associated with decreased current smoking (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.57 to 0.95) and subjective stress recognition (aOR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.64 to 0.97). Additionally, the HCO was associated with increased walking exercise practice (aOR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.71), and attempts to control weight (aOR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.12 to 1.64). No significant negative changes were observed in other health behavior variables. Conclusions: The HCO seems to have contributed to improving community health indicators. In the future, a follow-up study that analyzes only the effectiveness of the HCO through structured quasi-experimental studies will be needed.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.199-207
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• 2021

Objectives: Physical inactivity is the fourth leading global risk factor for mortality, followed by obesity. The combination of these risk factors is associated with non-communicable diseases, impaired physical function, and declining mental function. The World Health Organization recommends physical activity to reduce the mortality rate. Thus, this study examined the effects on anthropometric measurements of a 12-week walking program for elderly people in Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia with a 7000-step goal and weekly group walking activities. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted involving 109 elderly people with a body mass index (BMI) ≥25.0 kg/m². BMI, body composition, and average daily steps were measured at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0, and repeated-measures analysis of variance with the paired t-test for post-hoc analysis was conducted. Results: In total, 48 participants in the intervention group and 61 participants in the control group completed the study. A significant interaction was found between time and group. The post-hoc analysis showed a significant difference between pre-intervention and post-intervention (within the intervention group). The post-intervention analysis revealed an increase in the mean number of daily steps by 3571.59, with decreases in body weight (-2.20 kg), BMI (-0.94 kg/m²), body fat percentage (-3.52%), visceral fat percentage (-1.29%) and waist circumference (-2.91 cm). Skeletal muscle percentage also showed a significant increase (1.67%). Conclusions: A 12-week walking program combining a 7000-step goals with weekly group walking activities had a significant effect on the anthropometric measurements of previously inactive and overweight/obese elderly people.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.368-374
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• 2023

Background: Recognizing that access to safe and healthy working conditions is a human right, the World Health Organization (WHO) calls for specific occupational safety and health (OSH) programs for health workers (HWs). The WHO health systems' building blocks, and the International Labour Organization (ILO), highlight the importance of information as part of effective systems. This study examined how OSH stakeholders access, use, and value an occupational health information system (OHIS). Methods: A cross-sectional survey of OSH stakeholders was conducted as part of a larger quasi experimental study in four teaching hospitals. The study hospitals and participants were purposefully selected and data collected using a modified questionnaire with both closed and open-ended questions. Quantitative analysis was conducted and themes identified for qualitative analysis. Ethics approval was provided by the University of Pretoria and University of British Columbia. Results: There were 71 participants comprised of hospital managers, health and safety representatives, trade unions representatives and OSH professionals. At least 42% reported poor accessibility and poor timeliness of OHIS for decision-making. Only 50% had access to computers and 27% reported poor computer skills. When existing, OHIS was poorly organized and needed upgrades, with 85% reporting the need for significant reforms. Only 45% reported use of OHIS for decision-making in their OSH role. Conclusion: Given the gap in access and utilization of information needed to protect worker's rights to a safe and healthy workplace, more attention is warranted to OHIS development and use as well as education and training in South Africa and beyond.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.48-57
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• 2020

This study aims to examine the impact of Korean paternalistic leadership under a hierarchical structure on employee voice and also to compare the differences in leaders' behaviors-authoritarian, benevolent, and moral, and the effects on employee voice between governmental organizations and Quasi-government organizations. The sample of governmental organizations includes 195 employees under job control from at least middle-range or higher managers at local governments and local police agencies in Daegu and Busan metropolitan. The other sample also includes 189 employees reporting directly to managers with job control in public enterprises and government-funded Korean institutes in the same cities. This study employs t-test and regression analysis to test presumed hypotheses. As the results of the analysis, there is a significant difference in authoritarian leadership between governmental organizations and Quasi-government organizations, but both benevolent and moral leadership are not. Benevolent and moral leadership are positively related to employee voice, but authoritarian leadership is not. Based on the analytical results, this research suggests the theoretical implications and the limitations on the applicability of paternalistic leadership into the Korean cultural context for an expanded understanding of leadership theory and practical implications for managers in terms of improvement of employee voice.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.113-123
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• 2014

세계적인 경기불황의 여파로 수많은 기업들은 IT 인프라에 대한 초기 구축비용 및 유지보수비용 부담을 상당부분 경감시킴으로써 비용을 절감하기 위해 클라우드 컴퓨팅 도입을 서두르고 있다. 비교적 보수적인 준정부기관의 경우도 지난 수년간의 선진화 사업으로 인해 유연해진 조직 및 경영구조로 전화하고 있고, 지방이전에 따른 스마트 워크의 필요성으로 인해 클라우드 기반의 스마트워크 서비스에 대한 논의 및 준비가 한창이다. 본 연구는 준 정부 기관에서 조직원들의 클라우드 기반 스마트워크에 대한 선호도, 특징, 성향, 중점사항 등을 조사하여 이를 유형화하여 향후 준 정부 기관의 클라우드 스마트워크 서비스 발전방안을 제시하였다. 준정부기관의 클라우드 기반 스마트워크 서비스는 편리 추구형, 집중력 추구형, 협업 추구형 등 세 가지로 유형화 되었다.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제29권
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• pp.13.1-13.11
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• 2014

Objectives This study examined variations in the perceptions of dioxin risk among social groups defined by geographical living location, environmental education, and occupation. Dioxin risk perceptions were analyzed according to values, risk awareness, knowledge, and behavioral preferences. Methods A quasi-experimental survey was designed and conducted on individuals from seven experimental groups in Jeonju city, South Korea, including: people living near incineration facilities; people living far from incineration facilities; governmental experts; non-governmental organization members; office workers in developmental institutes or banks; students who were enrolled in environmental-related classes; and students who were enrolled in business-related classes. Results The results show variations among groups in values, awareness and behavioral preferences. Particular attention should be given to the result that groups with higher connectedness-to-nature values show higher willingness-to-act (WTA) for risk reduction. Result s can be summarized as follows. First, awareness is associated with one's geographical setting. Second, values and WTA behaviors are related to one's environmental-related education and occupation. Third, values are significantly related to WTA behaviors. Conclusions Different cultures, in terms of values or worldview, among groups influence their perceptions of dioxin risk and choices of risk reduction behaviors. It is important to consider values in communicating complicated long-term risk management involving public participation. Further research should be continuously conducted on the effects of multiple dimensions of values on one's WTA for risk reduction behaviors.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.38-56
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• 1997

A great deal of attention has been paid to the quality of life in citizens due to the increased number of long term life expectancy. reported as effective in the health promotion of the senior citizens. In this study, the principal investigator developed an exercise program for the senior citizens, which could be educated and managed by nursing staff. This kind approach may support the need of exercise program on regular base via the social organization, which may mean the intentional change of life style. The exercise program consisted of exercise, health education, and a direct the population of the senior A regularexercise has been nursing care. A quasi -experimental study was conducted to investigate the effects of excercise program on health of the elderly in senior citizen's center. Independent variable was a 9 weeks exercise program. Dependent variables were: 1) physical health [e.g. physical fitness(cardiopulmonary endurance, back muscle strength, grip strength, muscular tolerance, flexibility and body fat proportion), physiologic parameters(blood pressure, pulse, respiration. and blood glucose), and perceived physical health status; 2) mental health measured by depression score; and 3) cognitive perception of exercise measured by usefulness and self-efficacy. A total of 37 subjects was randomly assigned into either the control group (without the exercise program: n=18) or the intervention group(with the exercise program: n=19). The results of the study analyzed using a SAS, were as follows: 1) In physical fitness of physical health, there was a significant improvement in cardiopulmonary tolerance. back muscle strength. muscular tolerance and flexibility in the intervention group, compared to the control group, while no difference in grip strength and body fat proportion. The exercise program resulted in decreases in blood pressure, pulse, respiration and blood glucose within normal range and improvement of perceived physical health status in the intervention group. 2) There was a slight increase of mental health(depression score) in the intervention group compared to the control group. but without statistical significance. 3) There was a significant improvement in cognitive perception of exercise(e.g. usefulness and self -efficacy) in the intervention group, compared to the control group. It was concluded that the exercise program employed in this study was appropriate for women senior citizens and had a positive effect on health in general.

• Strategy21
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• 통권42호
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• pp.224-257
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• 2017

As the Trump administration withdraws the Paris Climate Agreement and shows its antipathy toward free trade, the U.S.'s soft power is most likely to weaken and its behaviors could be perceived as acts to surrender the U.S. hegemonic leadership in the world stage. Hegemonic stability theory notes that the existence of a hegemonic power contributes to international stability in the sense that it provides international public goods. A lack of the U.S's leadership in international politics, however, could be recognized as its denial of a hegemonic status. Is it intentional or accidental? The U.S's denial of hegemonic roles is the byproduct of the Trump administration's "American First" policy, not the showcase of its intention to transit hegemony to others. What is noteworthy is that China targets a niche market of hegemony as the U.S. denies its roles as the international leader. Put it another way, China attempts to ride hegemony for free when the U.S. denies its hegemonic roles accidentally. Faced with a niche market of hegemony, China has begun to accelerate its national strategy to make "Chinese Dream" come true. To that end, China promised again to keep the Paris Climate Agreement and attempts to play more active its roles in Shanghai Cooperation Organization(SCO), Asia Infra Investment Bank(AIIB), and "One Belt, One Road". Despite all these efforts, the U.S. is most likely to withdraw its denial of hegemony any time soon. The U.S's resumption of Freedom of Navigation Operations(FONOPs) could be a precursor of the return to a hegemonic power's willingness. In this vein, it is noteworthy that the South China Sea serves as a quasi-war zone for hegemonic conflict.