• Title/Summary/Keyword: Quarantine

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Pulmonary Aspergillosis and Renal Oxalosis in an Elk (엘크의 폐장 아스퍼질러스증 및 신장 옥살산증)

  • Kim, Jae-Hoon;Kang, Kyung-Il;Kim, Won-Il;Sohn, Hyun-Joo;Lee, Sang-Kyung;Jean, Young-Hwa
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.42 no.3
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    • pp.383-387
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    • 2002
  • A four-year-old male elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) was diagnosed as pulmonary aspergillosis and renal oxalosis. Clinical signs were coughing, sneezing, respiratory distress, salivation, moderate anorexia, and progressive emaciation. Main gross lesions were fibrinopurulent tonsillitis, diffusely fibrinous pleuritis, and distinct lobar pneumonia with purple red in color. Most of the pulmonary lobes had numerous well demarcated 0.5 to 2 cm yellowish white discrete or confluent nodules that were surrounded by pale red zones. Histopathologically, the affected lungs were disseminated necrotizing pyogranulomas including fungal hypae, vasculitis, and diffusely fibronecrotic pleuritis. The renal lesions were composed of extensive tubular necrosis with large numbers of rosette-formation by birefringent oxalate crystals. Aspergillus fumigatus was isolated from lesions of the lungs. It seems to be a first report for pulmonary aspergillalis and renal oxalosis of a farmed elk in Korea.

Characterization of Akabane virus (KV0505) from cattle in Korea

  • Yang, Dong-Kun;Kim, Yeon-Hee;Kim, Byoung-han;Kweon, Chang-Hee;Yoon, Soon-Seek;Song, Jae-Young;Lee, Sang-Hun
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.48 no.1
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    • pp.61-66
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    • 2008
  • Akabane disease is caused by an arthropod-borne viral pathogen and leads to congenital abnormalities of the central nervous system in infected ruminants. One isolate, KV0505, showed cytopathic effect in Vero cells. The KV0505 isolate was obtained from plasma, which was collected from a cattle raised on Jeju Island in May 2005. Jeju Island is located near the southern part of the Korean peninsula. The isolate was confirmed as Akabane virus (AKAV) by immunofluorescence assay using AKAV specific monoclonal antibodies and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR). Suckling mice inoculated with the isolate showed signs of paralysis and died within 10 days postinoculation. Comparisons of the KV0505 N gene sequence with 39 other known AKAV strains revealed nucleotide homologies ranging from 83.6% (MP496 strain) to 99.7% (M171 strain). When compared with the K-9 strain, which was isolated from a cow in Korea in 1994, the nucleotide sequence homology with the N gene was 99.7%. Thus, genes of the KV0505 isolate were closely related to those of the M171 strain, which were clustered into the Ic group of AKAV.

Isolation and identification of canine parvovirus type 2b in Korean dogs

  • Yang, Dong-Kun;Kang, Kyung-Suk;Jo, Hyun-Ye;Kim, Ha-Hyun;Choi, Sung-Suk;Song, Jae-Young
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.55 no.3
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    • pp.163-167
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    • 2015
  • Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a major diarrhea-causing agent in puppies. Since CPV type 2 (CPV-2) emerged in 1978, new antigenic variants including CPV-2a, CPV-2b, and CPV-2c have been identified in many countries. Two puppies died suddenly at a veterinary clinic in Gyeonggi province, South Korea. Two viruses were isolated in A72 cells, confirmed as CPV strains based on a CPV rapid kit and an indirect fluorescence test and designated QIACP1403 and QIACP1404. The nucleotide sequences of complete VP2 genes of QIACP1403 and QIACP1404 were determined, and the corresponding amino acid sequences were deduced. Molecular analyses revealed that the QIACP1403 and QIACP1404 isolates were type CPV-2b. Several mutated amino acids were detected on VP2 gene residues of the two isolates. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the two isolates were most closely related to strain CPV-BM11, which was isolated from Chinese dogs in 2011. Our results suggest that these isolates may be a candidate for a vaccine to prevent CPV infection in dogs after conducting passages of the isolates in an in vitro culture system.

Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Brachyspira species in pigs in Korea

  • Lim, Suk-Kyung;Lee, Hee-Soo;Nam, Hyang-Mi;Cho, Yun Sang;Jung, Suk-Chan;Joo, Yi-Seok
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.52 no.4
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    • pp.253-257
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    • 2012
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Brachyspira species and antimicrobial susceptibility of Brachyspira (B.) hyodysenteriae isolates in Korea. A total of fifty-five Brachyspira species were isolated; five (1.0%) beta-hemolytic Brachyspira species and 50 (10.4%) weak hemolytic Brachyspira species from 116 different diarrheic pig samples and 367 apparently normal pig samples. In farm level, beta hemolytic and weak hemolytic Brachyspira species were detected in 7.4% (5/68) and 19.1% (13/68) of tested pig farms, respectively. By phenotypic and genotypic characterization, all beta hemolytic Brachyspira isolates was classified as group I (B. hyodysenteriae), whereas weak hemolytic Brachyspira species isolates were group III (B. innocens or B. murdochii). B. hyodysenteriae isolates showed high level of minimum inhibition concentrations to macrolide antimicrobials. This study shows that the prevalence of pathogenic B. hyodysenteriae in pigs is low but antimicrobial resistance of the pathogens is high in Korea. This is the first report of the prevalence of Brachyspira group III and antimicrobial susceptibility of B. hyodysenteriae in pigs in Korea. Our results could provide basic data for the management and treatment guidelines of Brachyspira infection.

Occurrence of Virulence Determinants in Fecal Enterococcus faecalis Isolated from Pigs and Chickens in Korea

  • Hwang, In-Yeong;Lim, Suk-Kyung;Ku, Hyun-Ok;Park, Choi-Kyu;Jung, Suk-Chan;Park, Yong-Ho;Nam, Hyang-Mi
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.21 no.12
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    • pp.1352-1355
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    • 2011
  • Forty-one Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) isolates from feces of pigs and chickens in Korea were screened for the presence of virulence factors. Gelatinase activity (85.4%, 35/41) was the more commonly observed phenotype of virulence in E. faecalis, compared with hemolytic activity (12.2%, 5/41). Thirty-one of 35 (88.6%) gelatinase-positive E. faecalis isolates harbored the gelE and fsrABC genes. A gene encoding for the enterococcal surface protein (Esp) was detected in 24.4% (10/41) of the isolates. All beta-hemolysin-producing isolates harbored the esp gene.

Draft Genome Sequences of a Unique t324-ST541-V Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strain from a Pig

  • Moon, Dong Chan;Kim, Byung-Yong;Nam, Hyang-Mi;Jang, Geum-Chan;Jung, Suk-Chan;Lee, Hee-Soo;Park, Yong-Ho;Lim, Suk-Kyung
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.799-805
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    • 2016
  • Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), the major causative agent of nosocomial infection, has also been reported from non-human sources. A sequence type (ST) 541 MRSA isolate designated K12PJN53 was isolated from a healthy pig in 2012. The genome of K12PJN53 consists of 44 contiguous sequences (contigs), totalling 2,880,108 bases with 32.88% GC content. Among the annotated contigs, 14, 17, and 18 contained genes related to antimicrobial resistance, adherence, and toxin genes, respectively. The genomic distance of strain K12PJN53 was close to the ST398 strains. This is the first report of the draft genome sequence of a novel livestock-associated MRSA ST541 strain.

A case of submandibular pyogranuloma caused by Trueperella pyogenes in the slaughtered dairy cows (도축 젖소에서 Trueperella pyogenes 감염에 의한 턱 밑 화농육아종 증례보고)

  • Jung, Ji-Youl;Jeong, Jae-Hun;Kim, Ha-Young;O, Sang-Ik;Ryu, Dae Yeol;Yoon, Hyoung Lok;So, ByungJae;Yoon, Soon-Seek
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.39 no.1
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    • pp.65-68
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    • 2016
  • Multiple enlarged submandibular nodules were discovered during a routine antimortem examination at slaughter in 3 dairy cows of 20-month-old. Grossly, submandibular nodules were firm, reddish, and oval in shape. On cut surface, multiple yellowish abscesses in the parenchyma were observed. Histopathologically, the nodules were characterized by severe diffuse pyogranulomatous inflammation and chronic fibrosis with multiple eosinophilic clubs of Splendore-Hoeppli material containing central bacterial colonies. Trueperella pyogenes was isolated from the lesions. This case was diagnosed as submandibular pyogranuloma caused by Trueperella pyogenes in slaughtered dairy cows in Korea.

Molecular identification of the vaccine strain from the inactivated bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) vaccines

  • Yang, Dong-Kun;Kim, Ha-Hyun;Cho, Soo-Dong;Choi, Sung-Suk;Kim, Jae-Jo;Song, Jae-Young
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.36 no.1
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 2013
  • Since the 1980's, several kinds of inactivated bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) vaccines have been used to immunize domestic animals such as cattle and goat in Korea. Immunogenicity of the BVDV vaccines has been checked by the Korean Veterinary Authority using laboratory animals. In this study, we applied a molecular method to investigate the genetic characterization of the BVDV genes in six commercial inactivated BVDV vaccines, and determined the efficiency of two extraction reagents (i.e., sodium citrate or isopropyl myristate) to separate the vaccine antigens from the antigen/adjuvant complexes. Six partial non-coding regions (288 bp) were successfully amplified with specific primer sets, which demonstrated that sodium citrate is more efficient in extracting viral RNA from inactivated gel vaccines than isopropyl myristae. In addition, we identified the virus strains from the vaccines by analyzing the nucleotide sequences of the 5' non-coding region (NCR) of BVDV. The nucleotide similarity of the partial 5' NCR ranged from 95.1 to 100% among BVDV vaccine strains, respectively, indicating that a few manufacturers used different BVDV strains to produce their vaccines.

Isolation and identification of Moraxella cuniculi from a rabbit with keratoconjunctivitis

  • Yang, Dong-Kun;Kim, Ha-Hyun;Yoo, Jae-Young;Lim, Suk-Kyung;Yoon, Soon-Seek;Cho, In-Soo
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.57 no.3
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    • pp.201-204
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    • 2017
  • A Gram-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, coccus-shaped bacterium was isolated from a rabbit with keratoconjunctivitis. Colonies of the isolate were round, smooth, and exhibited hemolytic activity on 5% sheep blood agar. Scanning electron microscopy revealed 0.4 to $0.5{\mu}m$ diameter oval cocci. Partial 16S rRNA gene (1446 bp) sequence analysis demonstrated the isolate had significant homology with the Moraxella cuniculi CCUG2154 strain isolated from a rabbit in Germany in 1973. Our isolate was designated as APQAB1701. Antibiotic susceptibility tests demonstrated that APQAB1701 was sensitive to 24 antibiotics; 3 of the antibiotics (nalidixic acid, spectinomycin, and colistin) had minimal inhibitory concentrations ${\geq}32{\mu}g/mL$ against the isolate.

Comparative studies of histopathologic pulmonary lesion of cattle and deer tuberculosis by Mycobacterium bovis (Mycobacterium bovis에 의한 소 및 사슴 결핵의 폐 병리조직학적 소견 비교연구)

  • Jean, Young Hwa;Roh, In Soon;Lee, Kyung Hyun;Lee, Kyung Woo;Cho, Yoon Sang;Joo, Yi Seok
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.48 no.2
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    • pp.181-185
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    • 2008
  • Comparative studies of histopathologic lesions from 23 purified protein derivative (PPD) positive cattle, 21 slaughter cattle found with tuberculosis, and 11 tuberculosis-positive elk (Cervus elaphus) were performed. PPD positive cattle did not show specific histopathologic lesions in all 23 heads that were no visible lesion reactor. Slaughter cattle found with tuberculosis revealed microscopically classical granulomatous lesion (tubercle) with central caseous necrosis surrounded by mantle of epithelioid cells and Langhan's giant cells capsuled by connective tissue in lung. Elk was noted with some different lesion patterns with classical granulomatous lesion and suppurative abscesses that was composed of fibrin, degenerated cells without having connective tissue. In addition, many Langhan's giant cells infiltration in alveoli at peripheral lesion were observed in some cases of classical granulomatous lesion and suppurative abscesses.