• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.174-179
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• 2022

Companies are making design changes by improving product quality and function to succeed while meeting customer requirements continuously. Design changes are changing the product BOM's amount, item, specification, and shape while causing a change in the product's structure. At this time, the problem of inventory exhaustion of parts before design change is a big topic. If the inventory exhaustion fails, the pieces before the design change become unused and are discarded, resulting in a decrease in asset value, and the quality cost of the design change affects the company's profits. Therefore, it is necessary to decide to minimize quality costs while minimizing waste inventory costs at the time of application of design changes. According to the analysis, priorities should be prioritized according to urgency because the quantity of items before the design change affects the applied lead time.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.229-236
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the sensation changes in upper extremity and the quality of life for post-operative mastectomy patients. Methods: This study used a descriptive study design. The participants were 132 women who had mastectomies after being diagnosed with breast cancer and were participating in breast cancer self-help groups. The sensation changes in the arm of the surgery site was measured by the arm symptoms which were subjective uncomfortable feelings of the affected arm, and the quality of life was measured by Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36. Collected data were analyzed by ANOVA, t-test, ${\chi}^2$-test and multiple regression with SPSS WIN 12.0 program. Results: Patients with stage IV breast cancer had severe changes in sensation of the arm. Participants with lymphedema had statistically significant changes in sensation compared to participants without lymphedema, but the quality of life was not different between the two groups. Pain by the SF 36 was statistically different between the two groups, with- and without-lymphedema. The factors in upper extremity's sensation changes which influence on quality of life were pain and heaviness. Conclusion: Nursing intervention for relieving pain and heaviness of the affected arm needs to be developed in order to improve QOL of the breast cancer survivors.

• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.73-93
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• 2005

This paper on an experiment, using System Dynamics, on the affect of increase in number of beds and medical instruments used for the care of premature infants, which constitute the physical requirements in quality of medical services, on changes in the survival rate of premature in ants that leads to demographic changes of Newborn infants. The model has four sectors: take-in capacity, survival rate of premature infants, demographics without newborn infants and demographics with newborn infants. The model simulates the changes in demographics of the newborn infants from 2002 to 2022. The study results show that the survival rate of premature infants can be increased by improving the physical aspects in the quality of medical services. An average of 1,900 premature infants can survive as a result of the physical quality improvements in medical services, adding up to an increase of 37,300 newborn infants by the year 2022.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• v.2
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• pp.555-558
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• 2006

In recent years, urban development has expanded rapidly in Nawabshah City of Pakistan. A major effect associated with this population trend is transformation of the landscape from natural cover types to increasingly impervious urban land. The core objective of this study are to provide time-series information to define and measure the urban land cover changes of Nawabshah, Pakistan between the years 1992 and 2002, and to examine related urbanization impacts on air quality of the study area. Two multi-temporal Landsat images acquired in 1992 and 2002 together with standard topographical maps to measure land cover changes were used in this study. The image processing and data manipulation were conducted using algorithms supplied with the ERDAS Imagine software. An unsupervised classification approach, which uses a minimum spectral distance to assign pixels to clusters, was used with the overall accuracy ranging from 84 percent to 92 percent. Land cover statistics demonstrate that during the study period (1992-2002) extensive transformation of barren and vegetated lands into urban land have taken place in Nawabshah City. Results revealed that land cover changes due to urbanization has not only contaminated the air quality of the study area but also raised the health concerns for the local residents.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.30-47
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• 2004

The tremendous growth of the Internet, particularly world wide web, has resulted in significant changes in commerce environments. Internet has brought significant changes in the economics of marketing channels and has led to a redefinition of industry value chain. E-commerce has become so important that countries and firms unprepared for this new trend would lose competitive advantages in the coming century of digital economy. The purpose of this study is to identify logistic!; service quality elements about internet shopping mall customers and examine the relationship among e-commerce logistics service quality, customer satisfaction, relationship quality and repurchase intentions in the area of internet shopping mall. To do so, prior studies on logistics service quality, customer satisfaction, relationship qualify and repurchase intentions were broadly reviewed and the relationship among those four concepts was empirically tested.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.934-942
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• 2013

Image scaling is used for a variety of real-life applications. In order to evaluate the performance of transform functions, the image quality are compared together before and after processing. For the objective evaluation of the transform functions, the exact criterion of image quality is required, and various aspects approaches are practically performed. However, few researches have been conducted on image quality measurement considering the position of pixels that are skipped or newly generated in the process of the image scaling. Therefore this paper focuses on the objective image quality measurement for positions of skipped or estimated pixels in the image scaling. The proposed method generated new image quality measure considering the positional changes using a conventional measure and evaluated sensitivity about positional changes. Through this experiments, it is observed that conventional image quality measurement is definitely affected by positional changes of a skipped and estimated pixels. It is also confirmed that the proposed method is an objective criterion to represent image quality for positional changes of skipped or estimated pixels. The proposed method can be used as a criterion to evaluate the performance of image restoration or enhancement functions.

• Journal of KIISE
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.628-636
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• 2017

HTTP adaptive streaming is a technique that improves the quality of experience by storing various quality videos on the server and requesting files of the appropriate quality based on network bandwidth. However, it is difficult to measure the actual bandwidth in wireless networks with frequent bandwidth changes and high loss rate. Frequent quality changes and playback interruptions due to bandwidth measurement errors degrade the quality of experience. We propose a technique to estimate the available bandwidth by measuring the jitter, which is the derivation of delay, on a packet basis and assigning a weight according to jitter. The proposed scheme reduces the number of quality changes and mitigates the buffer underflow by reflecting less bandwidth change when high jitter occurs due to rapid bandwidth change. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme improves the quality of experience by mitigating buffer underflow and reducing the number of quality changes in wireless networks.

• Journal of the FoodService Safety
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.7-20
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• 2023

This study was conducted to investigate the impact of refrigerator type and temperature fluctuations on the quality changes of refrigerated foods. Phycochemical and sensory quality, as well as microbial growth, were measured for various foods stored in open- or door-type refrigerators set at 5℃ during storage. The average temperatures recorded were 11.50±1.14℃ in an open refrigerator, and 6.34±0.97℃ in a closed refrigerator. The average surface temperatures of the food items were 9.60±1.20 and 6.00±0.80℃ for open and closed refrigerators, respectively. Significant changes in color and appearance quality were observed in lettuce, mackerel, ground beef, and cut pineapples when stored in open refrigerators. Ready-to-Eat foods such as gimbap and sandwiches exhibited higher levels of microbiological proliferation when stored in open refrigerators compared to closed refrigerators. Processed foods, such as sterilized milk and packaged tofu, did not show significant differences in quality among various types of refrigerators. The installation of refrigerator doors can effectively minimize temperature fluctuations caused by external factors, thereby reducing variations in food quality. These findings provide essential insights into the quality changes associated with the implementation of refrigerator doors, serving as fundamental data for ensuring optimal food preservation.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.81-92
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• 2013

Purpose - This study empirically analyzes the effect of improvements in the quality of service management performance of college education on traders' conscious change of business management innovation and diverse sales expertise for a year. The use of traders' conscious changes and sales expertise as variables for the verification of the effects of parameters related to the active trader's traditional education market is a desirable direction. The method of research reflects the quality of education service, management result, traders' conscious changes, and sales expertise to understand the precise essence and definition of teaching quality at merchant colleges through theoretical consideration. Moreover, its impact on traders' conscious changes and sales expertise in empirical analysis acts as an intermediary. Research design, data, methodology - The hypothesis of this study leverages the SPSS statistical program. To gather actual proof, sample survey for theoretical research examined 262 valid papers of the 300 papers written by 10 merchants who graduated from merchant's university. First, using the SERVQUAL model, Parasuraman et al. (1996) indicated that for quality of education service, the configuration of factors is the same as the sympathetic performance, that is, responsiveness and empathy, and traders are aware of these elements. However, our preliminary investigation revealed that traders' university education has been excluded as a component of quality of service in the earlier studies. Moreover, we found that certainty of knowledge, reliability, and sympathy are influenced by challenges and by the changing intentions of merchant consciousness. In addition, our study confirms that improvements in convincing abilities and sales technique have a positive impact. Second, merchants' and traders' expertise are proven to affect business performance. In other words, university education of traders and merchants affects the consciousness of consumers, and changes patterns of sales. Third, the quality of service management education and change in the consciousness has a considerable impact on the trader, thereby maximizing business performance and acting as an intermediary for verification. Fourth, the quality of service management education affects the trader's sales expertise to maximize business performance. Results - To summarize, the quality of college educational services relates to the improvement of business performance and the role of the resulting virtuous cycle. Consequently, we can look for suggestions in the traditional markets, where the Government pays attention to the exterior environmental factors as well as to the changing business environment. However, the most important aspect is the merchant awareness. That is, a merchant should understand the distribution environment. Several competitor and trend analyses should be conducted to meet customers' expectations positively and proactively cope with any challenges related to changes. Further, expertise in sales and marketing skills need to be acquired to improve customer convincing abilities and develop a customer-oriented mindset. Conclusions - According to the changes in consumption trends of business enterprises, new management techniques are required to survive competition by improving traditional markets, which will necessitate more competitive education programs in merchant universities.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.336-344
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• 2014

Purpose: In this study, the effect of milling on paddy rice stored at low temperature, the changes in grain temperature of bulk storage bags exposed at room temperature, the post-milling water content of paddy rice, the whiteness of rice, and the rate of pest incidence were investigated and data were analyzed. Methods: Changes in temperature inside the bulk storage bags kept at low temperature and grain temperature after exposure to room temperature were measured. Experiments were conducted for identifying the reasons of post-milling quality changes in paddy rice stored at low temperature. Results: It was determined that a short-term increase of water content in paddy rice was directly related to surface condensation, and that rice should be milled at least 72 h after removal from low-temperature storage, in order to completely eliminate surface condensation of paddy rice kept in bulk storage bags. It was observed that post-milling quality of rice changed, but water content was maintained at high levels for more than 18 d in rice that was milled when condensation occurred, regardless of paper or vinyl packaging. Rice whiteness rapidly decreased in rice that was milled when condensation occurred, regardless of packaging, while rice that was milled 72 h or more after removal from low temperature storage did not show any significant changes in whiteness. No pest incidence was observed up to 12 d after removal from low temperature storage, regardless of packaging. Starting at 18 d, after removal from low temperature storage, rice that was milled when condensation occurred, was affected by pests, while 24 d after removal from low temperature storage, all portions of rice were affected by pests. Conclusions: Our results suggest that changes in post-milling quality of rice could be significantly reduced by exposing paddy rice to room temperature for at least 72 h before milling, in order to allow the increase of grain temperature and prevent surface condensation.