• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.53-69
• /
• 2010

The researcher has examined about the infrastructure of geotourism industry as well as domestic and foreign literatures in order to see the future and present status of geotourism in our country. The researcher have concluded the followings after participating in the interpretive program of Taean haean(coastal) National Park, etc. which is thought to as having relatively well-prepared contents and education in addition to the active progress of the program especially. First, although the domestic infrastructure of geotourism is thought as relatively well-established, one needs to make up for the weak point that there are not enough editions of explanations related to land formation process and geological aspects. Second, the interpretive program operated by The Korea National Service Park needs to specialize what the program is all about, how it is operated, who is operating, and so on in order to bring subjects' characteristics into relief. Third, one needs to train the persons required to explain geomorphic landscape and geological features by establishing the new division of education of geomorphic landscape and geological features. Furthermore, one needs to set up a unit to take charge of geotourism within the central and local governments. Fourth, one needs to build the cooperative system of private-public-academic circles among private companies, government, and universities to promote the quality of interpretive program by close connections with related studies of geography and geology. Fifth, the vitalization of geotouriusm can make an enormous contribution to promote the nation's brand value and image by advertizing domestic beautiful landscapes of the nature in addition to creating new job markets. Thus, the financial support in the government level should be made. Sixth, one needs to dig out global resources of geotourism unique to us by developing the stories connecting with local cultures and histories.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.63-70
• /
• 2023

Most of the industrial complexes and housing complexes in Busan and Gyeongnam were constructed by developing mountainous areas, except for some landfill areas. During the development process, the surplus soil for site development was mainly used as the embankment material. In the field, however, even if the material of the material changes during the embankment work for site development, for convenience reasons such as construction period and site conditions, the material property test and compaction test are not additionally conducted for the embankment material, and quality control is conducted. In this study, physical property tests and compaction tests were conducted on surplus soils in mountainous areas in Busan, GyungNam Province and then regression analysis was performed on the data. In addition, a comparative analysis was conducted along with existing studies in Korea. The surplus soils at the sites in Busan and Gyeongnam were mainly weathered soils of granites, and were classified into clayey sand (SC) and silty sand (SM). As a result of regression analysis of the compaction characteristics according to the content of coarse and fine soils, the correlation between them was very high. Using the relational formula as a result of this study, it will be very useful for compaction management of the surplus soils in the field.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
• /
• v.43 no.1
• /
• pp.50-55
• /
• 2023

The present study investigated the effects of forage cutting and baler mixing on the chemical compositions, fermentation indices, and aerobic stability of whole crop rice (WCR) haylage. The WCR ("Youngwoo") was harvested at 48.4% dry matter and ensiled into a 300 kg bale silo with forage cutting (whole crop without cutting vs. 5 cm of cutting length). The WCR forages were ensiled without baler mixing process (CON) or with (MIX). The concentrations of dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, crude ash, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber of whole crop rice before ensiling were 48.4, 9.70, 2.57, 6.11, 41.2, and 23.5%, respectively. The forage cutting did not affect the chemical compositions, fermentation indices, microbes, and aerobic stability of WCR haylage (p>0.05). The CON haylages tend to be higher in NDF content (p<0.10). The MIX haylages had lower in lactate (p=0.019), and lactate:acetate ratio (p<0.001). The MIX haylages had higher in lactic acid bacteria (LAB) (p=0.010). Therefore, this study concluded that the fermentation quality of WCR haylage improved by baler mixing, but had no effects by forage cutting.

• Composites Research
• /
• v.19 no.5
• /
• pp.7-11
• /
• 2006

The improved SWNTs/PANi composite actuator films applicable to an artificial muscle were fabricated successfully using a new process of manufacture that consists of 90% pure single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) and chemical polymerization. PANi is electrically conducting polyaniline polymer. The conductivities of the composite SWNTs/PANi film-type actuators and the pure PANi films fabricated were measured as 56.15 S/cm and 17.38 S/cm, respectively, by the 4-prove method. The conductivity of the composite actuator is 3.2 times higher than the pure PANi film. The fabricated composite actuator showed higher conductivity than any other similar ones. The quality of samples was investigated by an electron scanning microscope (SEM). To measure the actuating strains, a specially designed beam balance apparatus was developed and strains of the composite actuators was measured by a laser displacement sensor subjected to electric currents. During the operation, the sample was soaked in the $NaNO_3$ solution and the sine-wave voltage in the range of $+1V{\sim}-1V$ was applied. The length of the composite actuator changed from $l_0=12.690$ mm to $l_1=12.733$ so that the change of length was l=0.043 mm and the strain was 0.34 %. This is a very high strain for this kind of a composite actuator. Other result reported by Tahhan showed 0.23 % strain, so that the present result is improved by 48%.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.113-139
• /
• 2022

The iron and steel industry is a manufacturing industry with the largest greenhouse gases emissions and has a great ripple effect on the national economy as a core material industry. This study internationally compared the decoupling patterns of greenhouse gases emissions in the iron and steel industry from 1990 to 2019, focusing on Korea, Japan, and Germany. In particular, unlike previous studies that considered only fuel combustion emissions, this study considered all fuel combustion emissions, industrial process emissions, and indirect emissions from the use of electricity and heat. As a result of the analysis, Korea is interpreted as expansive coupling, Japan as decoupling, and Germany as unclear. Therefore, the decoupling path that the Korean iron and steel industry should take should not be in Germany, but in the form of seeking a decoupling method similar to Japan or more effective than Japan. In addition, this study considered the characteristics of the iron and steel industry as much as possible and presented the causes of the decoupling analysis results and implications for the Korean iron and steel industry through comparison with Japan and Germany. In particular, four factors were suggested as factors which has promoted decoupling in Japan: high value-added of Japanese iron and steel products, development of energy efficiency technology in the Japanese iron and steel industry, strategic M&A of the Japanese iron and steel industry, and maintaining competitiveness according to the closed distribution structure of Japanese iron and steel products. The Korean iron and steel industry should also use the case of Japan as a benchmark to further increase added value through quality uprade and product diversification of iron and steel products, while at the same time making efforts to fundamentally reduce greenhouse gas emissions through the development of new technologies.

• Journal of Science Education
• /
• v.47 no.1
• /
• pp.88-106
• /
• 2023

This study aims to investigate the disparity between the teacher's perception of student-centered inquiry classes and the actual implementation of such practices. Specifically, we compared an elementary science teacher's self-perception of her science lessons with the observers' evaluation using the Reformed Teaching Observation Protocol (RTOP) of the "Temperature and Heat" unit. Research data were collected through classroom teaching survey, interview, and science lessons video which were analyzed using the RTOP. As a result of the study, the teacher recognized that she was practicing inquiry-oriented/student-centered classes, but the results judged by the RTOP score were found to be transitional/student-affected classes by a slight difference. Teacher H planned and practiced classes based on a high understanding and content knowledge of the curriculum and created a science classroom culture that promotes active interaction among students as well as students and teachers. However, teacher-led aspects were still emphasized in teaching design and implementation, and the project theme and content were inappropriate to improve the quality of students' science inquiry experience. In the end, the slight difference between teacher's perception of inquiry-oriented/student-centered classes and actual implementation is related to how student-centered "lesson design" is and how to plan and implement classes supported by "procedural knowledge" for students' experience in the science inquiry process. These results indicate that the teacher's self-evaluation alone is not enough to determine whether the teacher's intentions and efforts are actually being implemented, and that it is necessary to conduct objective analysis, evaluation, and discuss the results of science classes by the external observers.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.265-278
• /
• 2022

The global energy paradigm is rapidly changing by centering on carbon neutrality, and wind energy is positioning itself as a leader in renewable energy-based power sources. The success of onshore and offshore wind energy projects focuses on securing the economic feasibility of the project, which depends on securing high-quality wind resources and optimal arrangement of wind turbines. In the process of constructing the wind farm, the optimal arrangement method of wind turbines considering the main wind direction is important, and this is related to minimizing the wake effect caused by the fluid passing through the structure located on the windward side. The accuracy of the predictability of the wake effect is determined by the wake model and modeling technique that can properly simulate it. Therefore, in this paper, using WindSim, a commercial CFD model, the wake diffusion pattern is analyzed through the sensitivity study of each wake model of the proposed onshore wind farm located in the mountainous complex terrain in South Korea, and it is intended to be used as basic research data for wind energy projects in complex terrain in the future.

• Korea Science and Art Forum
• /
• v.23
• /
• pp.95-109
• /
• 2016

The background and objective of this study are as follows. Gwangheemun, one of the 4 small gates of Seoul Castle is a space to represent ordinary people and it is a valuable cultural heritage that shows the process of technical transition of fortification technology during Chosun Dynasty. It is a place that we can expect to play a role as a field where history and culture mix and communicate together. But currently, the environment and facilities around Gwangheemun have fallen behind and become old, so they need to be reorganized as their local feature is not shown distinctly. We need to vitalize the new traditional space that shows local feature. This study has drawn out the method, contents and the result of study like as follows. This study aims to establish an identity based on the historical and cultural backgrounds and suggest the contents to vitalize the space of Gwangheemun as a traditional cultural heritage. By this, this study aims to create a historical and cultural space where people can enjoy, eat and look around. Therefore, based on the historical and cultural feature, it gives an identity as moonlight street, and it has developed and suggested 5 contents to vitalize space: Gwangheemun maintenance, plan, castle restoration plan, village inside the castle, village outside the castle and fashion art street. Contents to vitalize space has a meaning as a specific developmen method of urban restoration, and we can expect to be used as a direction to develop the area to enhance the cultural quality of life of both inhabitants and visitors by forming the brand identity of surrounding area with traditional cultural heritage.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
• /
• v.50 no.4
• /
• pp.45-57
• /
• 2016

The average income of forestry household was only 54.3% of urban workers's and 67.6% of farms household's income based on the data from statistics Korea in 2012. This indicates that forestry, which is a labor-intensive primary industry, has the limitation for creating added value. On the other hand, the demands for forest healing and forest experiential program have been continuously increased with new lifestyle focusing on the quality of life and increased leisure time. Therefore, it is necessary to establish comprehensive policies to increase added value except forestry to respond forest demands. The project utilizing forest healing can be on of solutions to meet forest demands. Thus, this research intends to investigate an economic revitalization plan for mountain villages with forest healing. The characteristics of forest healing facilities and contents of forest healing programs were examined through internet searching, fields surveys, and expert interviews. Total 186 concepts, 8 categories, and 24 subcategories were derived from raw data of surveys. The application process of forest healing was also provided to encourage local economy of mountain areas. This research offers application procedure of the forest healing for regional economic vitalization in Mountain Villages interviews using grounded theory by Strauss and Corbin(1988) as well as NVio11. This research contributes to prepare the base of future quantitative studies by providing strategies and suggestions for the application plans of forest healing programs. In addition, this research offers basic data for the policies to establish and manage forest healing villages.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.33 no.6
• /
• pp.523-529
• /
• 2023

Ubiquitination is a post-translational modification that is involved in the quality control of proteins and responsible for modulating a variety of cellular physiological processes. Protein ubiquitination and deubiquitination are reversible processes that regulate the stability of target substrates. The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) helps regulate tumor-promoting processes, such as DNA repair, cell cycle, apoptosis, metastasis, and angiogenesis. The UPS comprises a combination of ubiquitin, ubiquitin-activating enzymes (E1), ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2), and ubiquitin-ligase enzymes (E3), which complete the degradation of target proteins. Ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (UBE2s) play an inter-mediate role in the UPS process by moving activated ubiquitin to target proteins through E3 ligases. UBE2s consist of 40 members and are classified according to conserved catalytic ubiquitin-conjugating (UBC) domain-flanking extensions in humans. Since UBE2s have specificity to substrates like E3 ligase, the significance of UBE2 has been accentuated in tumorigenesis. The dysregulation of multiple E2 enzymes and their critical roles in modulating oncogenic signaling pathways have been reported in several types of cancer. The elevation of UBE2 expression is correlated with a worse prognosis in cancer patients. In this review, we summarize the basic functions and regulatory mechanisms of UBE2s and suggest the possibility of their use as therapeutic targets for cancer.