• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.426-435
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• 2010

The object of this study was to develop an index of service quality of waterparks and verify the validity and reliability of the index. This study represents the waterparks user population in 2009, and 250 people were extracted by using the purposive sampling method. In other words, five locations have major waterparks were chosen and 50 people per each location were collected. Conference, panel survey, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were performed to verify the validity of the questionnaire while item analysis, interrater reliability and internal consistency reliability were conducted to probate the reliability. Through these methods and procedures, the results of this study like these; (i) Validity of this index was significantly high and the index include amenity/cleanness, safety, price, programs, facilities, accessibility and promotion. Among them, amenity/cleanness was the major factor for the validity value; (ii) Reliability of this index was also high. There are high correlations between questions and fields and questions and total score. And the Cronbach's $\alpha$ values of the internal consistency reliability was over 0.603 except in the case of promotion which was below 0.6. After all the analysis, the index of service quality proved to be very proper and reliable index. Therefore, the major factors of service quality have to be figured out and reflected to the management innovation to improve service quality of waterparks.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.542-551
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• 2005

This study is to investigate the characteristics of emission concentration according to wallpaper sort and emission time using small chamber method. The target compounds included 45 VOCs and formaldehyde, which were respectively determined by adsorption sampling and thermal desorption coupled with GC/MS method, and by sampling in DNPH cartridge and HPLC method. The emission factor of TVOC and HCHO was detected to $1.1mg/m^2{\cdot}h$ and $0.01mg/m^2{\cdot}h$ respectively, and the wallpapers of 25 satisfied emission standard. TVOC emission factor appeared in order of the concentration of PVC, natural, and Non-PVC wallpaper, while HCHO was detected very low concentration without relation to wallpaper sort. The paraffin hydrocarbons appeared to be the most contributable class of hydrocarbons in terms of their concentrations, followed by aromatics, and olefins, halogenated hydrocarbons was not detected. PVC wallpapers plentifully emitted TVOC above other wallpapers, and toluene was showed higher concentration of 10 times than natural wallpaper. In addition to, emission factor according to elapse was gradually decreased.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.60-63
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• 1997

Dieletric ailed piezoelectric properties of Pb[$Zr_{0.45}$/ $Ti_{0.5-x}$/L $u_{x}$ (M $n_{1}$3//S $b_{2}$3)$_{0.05}$] $O_3$(0$\leq$x $\leq$0.03) were investigated. The partial substitution of $Ti^{4+}$ by a L $u^{3+}$ permitted improvement of the piezoelectric constant( $d_{33}$ ), electromechanical coupling factor ( $k_{p}$ ) and dielectric constant($\varepsilon$$_{33}$ /Sup T/). The dielectric loss(tan $\delta$ ) increased and mechanical quality factor(Qm) decreased with an increase of x were observed. A new piezoelectric material for actuator application was developed at x=0.02 with $d_{33}$ =370$\times$10$^{-2}$ /C/N, $k_{p}$ =58.5%, $\varepsilon$$_{33}$ $^{T}$ =1321, $Q_{m}$ =714 and tan $\delta$ =0.98%.%..%.%.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2004.07a
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• pp.117-120
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• 2004

The dielectric and piezoelectric properties of silver doped $Pb(Zr,Ti)O_3-Pb(Mn,W,Sb,Nb)O_3$ ceramics was examined. By varying the contents of silver(0.0, 0.4, 1.0 mol%), the effect of doped silver on PZT-PMWSN thin film was investigated at various sintering temperature(900, 1000, $1100^{\circ}C$). As increasing silver contents, the relative dielectric constant is increased and sinterbility is enhanced. At the specimen with 0.4 mol% Ag and sintered at $1100^{\circ}C$, electromechanical coupling factor(kp), mechanical quality factor(Qm), dielectric constant(${\varepsilon}r$) and dielectric loss were 0.502, 811, 991, 0.006, respectively. The results show that the PZT-PMWSN/Ag composites have enhanced piezoelectic and dielectric properties and processing condition is improved.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.10
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• pp.1647-1657
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• 2010

This study examines underwear purchase behaviors and the attitude of male consumers based on the degree of interest in appearance. Data research was conducted on 296 males in their 20s and 30s located in Seoul & Gyeonggi province. The SPSS 17.0 software program was used to conduct data analyses such as descriptive statistics, frequency analysis, factor analysis, cluster analysis, t-test, and $\chi^2$-test. The results of this study are as follows: The degree of interest in appearance was identified with four factors; outfit management, confidence of figure, interest in clothing, weight control, and disinterest in appearance. Customers were segmented into two subdivisions: high and low interest in appearance. The factors derived from the factor analysis of underwear purchase motive included aesthetic, impulsiveness, and practicality. The purchase behavior of the group with high interest in appearance was highly motivated by aesthetics and impulsiveness. The factors derived from the factor analysis of underwear attitude included fashionability, comfortableness, and quality. Customers were segmented into the following three subdivisions: pursuit of comfortableness, pursuit of diversity, and normal. The type of high interest in appearance regarded fashionability and quality highly. Finally, the degree of interest in appearance showed significant relevance in purchase motive and underwear attitude for underwear.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.602-608
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• 2002

In this study, microstructural and piezoelectric characteristics of PNW-PMN-PZT ceramics manufactured using attrition milling method were investigated. Sintering temperature of the ceramics was varied from $1080^{\circ}C$ to $1240^{\circ}C$. With increasing sintering temperature, dielectric constant increased. In the specimen sintered at $1120^{\circ}C$, electromechanical coupling factor(Kp) and density showed the maxinum values of 0.546 and 7.78[$g/\textrm{cm}^3$], respectively. In the specimen sintered at $1160^{\circ}C$, mechanical quality factor(Qm) also showed the maxinum value of 1,943. Contour vibration mode piezoelectric transformer with the size of $27.5{\times}27.5{\times}2.5mm$ using PNW-PMN-PZT ceramics was manufactured and its driving characteristics for T5 fluorescent lamp was investigated. Taking into consideration temperature rise of 6.8[$^{\circ}C$] and efficiency of 98.23%, it can be concluded that the transformer is suitable for driving the T5 fluorescent lamp.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.425-430
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• 2004

In this paper, in order to develop the low temperature sintering ceramics for multilayer piezoelectric transformer, PMN-PZT ceramics were manufactured with the variations of sintering times, and their microstructural, piezoelectric and dielectric properties were investigated. To manufacture multilayer piezoelectric transformer, the low temperature sintering composition is need, hence, $Li_2CO_3$ and $Bi_2O_3$ were used as sintering aids and the specimens were sintered during 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 minutes, respectively. At the specimen sintered during 90 minute, mechanical quality factor(Qm), electromechanical coupling factor(kp) and dielectric constant were showed the optimum values of 2356, 0.504 and 1266, respectively. All the specimens showed tetragonality phase, and pyrochlore phase was not shown.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.33-34
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• 2005

In this study, in odor to develop low temperature sintering multilayer piezoelectric actuator and ultrasonic vibrator, PMN-PNN-PZT ceramics were fabricated using $Li_2CO_3$ and $Na_2CO_3$ as sintering aids and their piezoelectric and dielectric characteristics were investigated according to the addition of dopant CuO and $Fe_2O_3$, respectively. The CuO added PMN-PNN-PZT ceramics improved mechanical quality factor Qm due to the acceptor doping effect. And also, $Fe_2O_3$ reacted as softner in this composition system in addition to the increase of grain size and sinterability. Taking into consideration electromechanical coupling factor kp of 0.62, dielectric constant $\varepsilon_r$, of 1275, Piezoelectric $d_{33}$ constant of 377[pC/N] and mechanical quality factor Qm of 975, it was concluded that the ceramics with the $Fe_2O_3$, added composition sintered at 900[$^{\circ}C$] were best for the multilayer piezoelectric actuator and ultrasonic vibrator application.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.559-567
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• 1999

A piezoelectric flextentional sonar transducer has been simulated using a coupled FE-BEM. The dynamics of the sonar transducer is modelled in three dimensions and is analyzed with external electrical excitation conditions. Different results are available such as steady-state displacement modes, underwater directivity patterns, resonant frequencies, bandwidths, quality factors, output acoustic powers and transmitting voltage responses. It is shown that the present barrel-stave sonar transducer of the piezoelectric material produces flextentional displacements which could be related with higher output power, lower quality factor and more omnidirectional beam pattern than other types of sonar transducers. The results of the present sonar transducer modelling are also compared with those of a commercial package such as ATILA.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.16-22
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• 2008

This study focused on the attribution factors affecting billed Silvertown residents' satisfaction and trust in relation to foodservice. Residents living in 'N' charged Silvertown were randomly selected for the study. Among them, 27 did not complete the survey, and a total of 143 questionnaires were analyzed. Data analyses were carried out using the frequency, factor analysis, cross tabs, and regression procedures of the SPSS 12.0 package. The results were as follows. First, for prospective Silvertown residents, among all the service offered, meals and medical services were of primary importance. Second, for Silertown foodservice, menu variety and taste were the most important aspects. Third, in the factor analysis for effects of foodservice on satisfaction and trust, the factor were restaurant facilities, food taste and quality, and restaurant operations. Fourth, in the relationship between the restaurant operation and residents' satisfaction levels, restaurant equipment, food taste and quality, and the resident's level of trust were significant. Finally, foodservice satisfaction and trust significantly affected residents' satisfaction with living in Silvertown.