• Journal of the Korean Academy of Clinical Electrophysiology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.31-42
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• 2008

This study performed in order to investigate the effect of isometric resistance exercise for vastus medialis oblique muscle with EMG(electromyography) biofeedback training which are applied to the patello-femoral joint of patients with osteoarthritis on the improve of function. The subjects had no neuromuscular disorders, and they were elder patients with osteoarthritis, 20 women. And the experiment was performed in control group, taping with EMG biofeedback training group respectively, and the measurement was carried out before and after the treatment and 4 weeks after the treatment. Motor unit action potential analysis with surface electromyography showed a significant change in RMS(root mean square) amplitude and MDF(median frequency) in vastus medialis oblique muscle(p<0.05). VMO/VL(vastus medialis oblique/vastus lateralis oblique) MDF ratio showed a significant change between groups(p<0.05). Taping with EMG biofeedback training applied to patello-femoral joint of osteoarthritis patients appeared to be effective for muscle function improvement. However, increase of muscular force in vastus medialis oblique muscle appears to have a positive effect on improve of function along with correction effect on patella malalignment. In conclusion, in case of osteoarthritis patients with loss of patello-femoral joint function, it appears to be effective to practice isometric resistance exercise of vastus medialis oblique muscle selective with taping.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.185-195
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• 2008

The purpose of this investigation is comparing two groups one applied with taping therapy the other with controlled causes variation in pain substances of blood ${\beta}$-endorphin, serotonin with taping therapy. 12 male students of S college divided into two groups each 6 experimental and controlled with no history of flexion and extention of lower extremity focused on knee joint. Experimental group applied with elastic taping before experiment at quadriceps, calf muscles, hamstrings and tibialis anterior, controlled group didn't applied any taping therapy. Bruce protocol of maximal progressive loading exercise implemented 5 minutes after blood samples were extracted. And 5 minutes after the exercise blood samples also were taken and made investigation. Data before and after investigation were operated on SPSS Ver. 12.0 for Window(Kor.). P value 0.05. The affirmative effects of this investigation was proved with increased ${\beta}$-endorphin and decreased serotonin that cause reducing pain.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.397-405
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• 2020

The purpose of study was to compare respiratory function and quadriceps muscle activity in stroke patients by applying inspiratory muscle training combined with whole body vibration. In addition, the purpose of study is to present an exercise method for improving the respiratory function of stroke patients and the function of the lower limb muscles of stroke patients. Totally, 21 patients with Stroke patients were randomly assigned to two groups through clinical sampling. 11 patients who applied whole body vibration combined with respiratory exercise were randomly assigned to Experiment Group I, and 10 patients who applied placebo exercise combined with breathing exercise were randomly assigned to Experiment Group II. And for 5 weeks, 4 days/week, 1 time/day, 4 sets/1 time intervention program was implemented. Before intervention, the respiratory function was measured with a maximum inspiratory pressure meter, the lower extremity muscle activity was measured using the surface EMG, and the balance ability was measured using a bug balance test. And after 5 weeks, the post-test was re-measured and analyzed in the same way as the pre-test. In the comparison of changes within the group of experimental group I, there were significant differences in the activity and balance of the respiratory muscle strength, the biceps femoris, and the anterior tibialis muscle (p<.05). In the comparison of the changes in the experimental group I, there was a significant difference in respiratory strength and balance (p<.05). In the comparison of changes between groups, there was a significant difference in the activity of the biceps femoris and anterior tibialis (p<.01). In the future, research on protocols for respiratory exercise and whole body vibration to improve neuromuscular function is considered to be necessary.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.85-97
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• 1995

When applying FES to patients, proper evaluation must be performed prior to treating patient. Patients with thoracic lesions between $T_4{\sim}T_{12}$ are suitable for FES. However, these patients must have excitability of the leg muscles. Thus, excitability testing is an essential part of the screening program(stimulation at 80V gives a response). Before standing or walking is attempted the patients must perform restrengthening exercise, so that the Quadriceps muscle group minimum strength is 40 Nm (corresponding to a manual grade of F+ to G). After that walking and standing can be attempted. The effects of FES are as follows: prevents pressure sores; development and maintenance of muscle properties; prevents disuse atrophy and contractures.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.33-40
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• 1998

This study was carried out to investigate the muscle strength of quadriceps muscles by means of isokinetic test. The experimental objects were devided into electrically stimulated, isotonic and isometric groups and trained for 4weeks. The results were as follows : 1. the values of total work, peak torque, average power and the ratio of peak torque between flexors and extensors revealed singnificant statistically in three experimental groups(p<0.05). 2. The endurance was increased slightly in electrically stimulated group, but decreased in isotonic and isometric group, 3. The value of post training on all items did not reveal significant statistically in three experimental groups(P>0.05). 4. The electrically stimulated groups effected on increasing of muscle strength as isotonic and isometric exercises.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.44-57
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• 2007

Purpose: The objective of this study is to analyze the activities of muscles importantly functioning when walking with different inclinations and speeds of a treadmill, in order to provide basic data on walking exercise using a treadmill. Method: The selected subjects of this study were 16 men and women who had lower extremity injury. A treadmill was used to provide the activation of muscle, and the electromyography was used to analyze the muscle activity variables. The Biodex was used to measure the value of maximum isometric contraction. The inclinations of the treadmill were 0%, 5% and 10%, respectively, and its speeds were 2Km/h. 3Km/h, 4Km/h, 5Km/h, and 6Km/h, respectively. Result: For quadriceps femoris muscle and trunk muscle, there were significant differences in muscle activity when different speeds were applied at 0%, 5% and 10% inclinations.(p<0.05) The activity of vastus medialis muscle was 9.78% at 0% inclination and 2km/h speed, whereas it was 9.32% at 0% inclination and 3km/h, which was slightly lower. The activity of erector spinae muscle was 24.93% at 0% inclination and 2km/h speed, whereas it was 24.84% at 0% inclination and 3km/h, whereas it was 23.99% at 0% inclination and 4km/h, which was slightly lower. The activity of vastus medialis muscle was 11.89% at 10% inclination and 2km/h speed, whereas it was 10.65% at 10% inclination and 3km/h, which was slightly lower. The activity of rectus femoris muscle was 10.26% at 10% inclination and 2km/h speed, whereas it was 9.77% at 10% inclination and 3km/h, which was slightly lower. Conclusion: It was found that the activities of trunk muscle and quadriceps femoris muscle increase as the inclination and the speed of a treadmill increase during treadmill walking.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.79-86
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate muscle activity according to knee flexion angle during single-limb-deadlift exercises. Methods: In total, 26 healthy volunteers participated. The single-limb-deadlift consisted of 0˚, 15˚, and 30˚ knee joint bending. The electromyography data were collected from the semitendinosus (SM), the biceps femoris (BF), the rectus femoris (RF), the vastus lateralis (VL), and the vastus medialis (VM). In addition, hamstrings and quadriceps (HQ) ratio was measured during the single-limb-deadlift using electromyography. Results: During the single-limb-deadlift, RF, VL, and VM were significantly higher at 30˚ bending angles compared to muscle activity of 0˚ and 15˚ knee-joint bending. The HQ ratio had significant differences in all three knee joint bending angles. In particular, the single-limb-deadlift carried out to a 30˚ knee-joint bend showed the closest value to 1. Conclusion: The most balanced coactivation ratios were observed during a single-limb-deadlift to a 30˚ knee-joint bend angle. A single-limb-deadlift at a knee-bend angle of less than 30˚ could be used as an exercise to prevent ACL injury. It could also be used for post-injury rehabilitation programs by increasing knee-joint stability.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether 12-weeks of movement training would increase the psoas major cross-sectional area (CSA) in senior men and women. Fifty eight men and women aged 65 to 80 years old ($69.6{\pm}3.7$, 30 male, 28 female) were divided into a control (n=19) and exercise group (n=39). Subjects were assessed before and after the training program for stature, body mass, and magnetic resonance imaging of the psoas major and the quadriceps muscle. The experimental group performed exercises using machines designed to improve the movement of the hip at a frequency of twice every week, with a total of 23 trainings in 12-weeks. Magnetic resonance images of both thighs and the abdomen and psoas major were obtained, aimed at 50% of the length of the greater trochanter and the lower edge of the femur and between the fourth (L4) and fifth (L5) lumbars. A 9.4% increase in the psoas major CSA in the training group was observed. In the male and female breakdown, a 11.5% and 8.4% change was observed in males and females, respectively. In the quadriceps, there was no significant statistical improvement in either males or females. Furthermore, in the control group, there was no significant change seen in either the psoas major or the quadriceps. As a result of conducting training that enables upkeep of posture and smooth linkage of the lumbar spine, the pelvis and thighbone, the psoas major CSA of older adults were improved in a short period of time. For this reason, the possibility of improving the psoas CSA, which decreases remarkably with increased age, by improving the linkage of the body trunk is also suggested.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.61-70
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• 2012

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate thigh muscle-bone CSA and leg strength during low-intensity exercise program with leg blood flow restriction by external compression to reduce muscle outflow. Methods : Eighteen health students gave informed written consent to participate in this investigation. An occlusion cuff was attached to the proximal end of the leg so that blood flow was reduced during the training. The training was conducted one times a day, three times a week, for 8 weeks using one sets of 30 minutes. The training program performed to squat with standing, lunge with standing and heel raise with one leg standing. Measurements of thigh muscle-bone CSA(cross-sectional area) and leg strength were evaluated pre and post-training. Statistical evaluation of these data was accomplished utilizing a paired t-test by SPSS 12.0 program for windows. Significance level was set at p <.05. Results : All data are reported as means and standard deviations(SD) for all variables. The result of the study is followed; After the training, muscle-bone CSA, gluteus maximus m, quadriceps m, hamstring m of both legs were significantly improved but not calf muscle(p<.05). There was no significant difference of change quantity between muscle-bone CSA and leg strength in Lt. and Rt. side. But the variation in leg muscle strength of Rt. leg(dominant) was much more increased than Lt. leg(non-dominant) after 8 weeks training. Conclusion : Low-intensity training with leg blood flow restriction offers a potentially useful method for improving leg muscle strength.

• Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.117-126
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• 2020

Total knee arthroplasty is performed widely in degenerative arthritis of the knee joint, and the frequency of use is increasing. Efforts should be made to achieve functional recovery, such as returning to daily life, and the recovery of strength and range of motion after surgery. The procedure should be approached from a range of perspectives, such as patient factors, surgical technique and rehabilitation. The patient's age, degree of obesity, sex, and strength of the quadriceps muscle can affect the functional recovery after surgery. In addition, the patient's mental state, such as expectation value and satisfaction, can also have an effect. For functional recovery, patient education, pain control, and strengthening of the quadriceps muscle can be performed prior to surgery. Postoperative physiotherapy, such as icing and compression, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation therapy, neuromuscular electrical stimulation therapy, low frequency low intensity magnetic field therapy, strengthening of quadriceps muscle, and range of motion exercise can also be applied. In recent years, hydrotherapy, which restores the strength and balance of the leg, is being performed increasingly. These treatments are not only performed shortly after surgery, but are also performed continuously. In addition, the surgeon should apply it appropriately considering the patient's condition, compliance, and social and psychological conditions.