• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.105-121
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• 2016

Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare the effects between the degree of herniated intervertebral lumbar disc (HIVD) at L4-5 level and improvement of low back pain treated by Korean Medicine therapy. Methods 567 patients who received inpatient treatment from May 2014 to December 2015 in the Daejeon-Jaseng of Korean Medicine Hospital were divided into 6 groups by the degree of HIVD at L4-5 level confirmed with a Lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging. All patients received a combination of treatment including acupunture, chuna manual therapy, pharmacopunture, herbal medication. They were compared and analyzed on the basis of improvement between measuring Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), EuroQol-5 Dimension Index (EQ5D Index) as they were hospitalized and as they were discharged. The statistically significance was evaluated by SPSS 23.0 for windows. Results After treatment, Normal stage on Intervertebral Lumbar Disc at L4-5 level group's Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), EuroQol-5 Dimension Index (EQ5D Index) improvement was $1.30{\pm}1.62$, $4.52{\pm}11.82$ and $0.04{\pm}0.11$ respectively. Bulging group's improvement was $3.25{\pm}2.81$, $8.28{\pm}13.02$ and $0.09{\pm}0.17$ respectively. Spinal canal occupying ratio (SOR) less than 20 group's improvement was $2.15{\pm}1.92$, $11.79{\pm}17.81$ and $0.13{\pm}0.23$ respectively. SOR 20 to less than 40 stage group's improvement was $2.13{\pm}1.92$. $10.79{\pm}15.93$ and $0.10{\pm}0.26$ respectively. SOR 40 to less than 60 group's improvement was $2.16{\pm}2.24$, $9.80{\pm}16.62$ and $0.15{\pm}0.25$ respectively. Surgery group's improvement was $2.47{\pm}2.21$, $11.64{\pm}18.53$ and $0.15{\pm}0.27$ respectively (p<0.03). But there was no statistically significance between 6 group's improvement after treatment (p>0.05). Conclusions After inpatient treatment by Korean Medicine therapy, Most patient's pain, disability and Health Related Quality of Life was improved significantly. But there was no statistically correlation between the degree of HIVD at L4-5 level and improvement of low back pain. So We think that future research of higher quality and correct statistics shall be necessary.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.169-174
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the long-term stability of the improved symptoms and accommodative functions after completion of accommodative therapy. Methods: Seven children (mean age${\pm}$SD: $12{\pm}1.41$ years) who were successfully treated with a vision therapy program for either accommodative insufficiency or infacility were followed for 1 year. The visual symptoms of the subjects were measured by the College of Optometrists in Vision Development Quality of Life (COVD-QOL) checklist, and this was followed by measurement of the monocular and binocular accommodative facility with ${\pm}2.00$ D flipper lens. Results: The mean visual symptoms at the 1 year follow-up examination ($15.14{\pm}8.59$) showed a small increase, but there was no significant difference (p=0.446) from post-therapy ($11.86{\pm}7.22$). There was small regression in the monocular (left eye, $13.86{\pm}3.93cpm$) and binocular ($11.14{\pm}3.13cpm$) accommodative facility at the 1 year follow-up examination, but there were no significant different from the monocular ($15.86{\pm}4.14cpm$, p=0.147) and binocular ($13.21{\pm}3.76cpm$, p=0.066) accommodative facility measurements at post-therapy. Also, every subject met the normative values of ${\geq}7$ cpm for monocular accommodative facility and ${\geq}5$ cpm for binocular accommodative facility in the long-term. Conclusions: There was long-term maintenance of the improved visual symptoms and accommodative functions, and so it is clear that the positive therapeutic effects persist with accommodative therapy.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.90-100
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• 2019

Objectives : This study aimed to investigate the association between depression with atypical features and metabolic syndromes in Korean adults using the 2016 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) data. Methods : We used the 2016 KNHANES data to enroll 277 participants with a score of 10 or higher on Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Depression with atypical features was diagnosed when at least two of the following criteria were met : 1) sleeping more than 10 hours a day ; 2) weight gain of more than 3 kg in a year ; and 3) fatigue/anergia. Depression was divided into two groups based on the presence/absence of atypical features. Physical and mental health, and risk of metabolic syndrome were compared between the groups. Results : Among the 277 participants, 91 had depression with atypical features. We identified significant differences in age, sex, income, and education between the two groups. After adjusting for these variables, depression with atypical features had lower EuroQol-5D index scores (p<0.001) and higher prevalence of metabolic syndromes (p=0.035) compared to the depression without atypical features. Depression with atypical features had higher odds ratio (OR) in association with metabolic syndromes after adjusting for confounding variables (OR=1.923 ; 95% confidence interval : 1.069-3.460). Conclusions : Depression with atypical features increases the risk of metabolic syndromes and lowers the quality of life.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.39 no.4 s.261
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• pp.310-316
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• 2006

Background: We study the QOL (quality of life) & functional improvement in patients underwent esophageal surgery for cancer by the viewpoint of the patient and would like make the guideline of recovery course. Material and Method: Between Dec. 1996$\sim$Aug. 2002, 250 patients were operated and 57 patients was enable interview, didn't have evidence of recurrence & survived more than 1 year postoperatively at Asan Medical Center. Questionnaire made by direct or telephone interview & include diet habitus, change of body weight, G-E (gastroesophageal) reflux, dumping symptom, change of daily life. Result: There were 53 men (93%), 4 women (7%) with mean age of $62.05{\pm}8.7$ (range: $37{\sim}94$). Operation method was Ivor Lewis operation in 43 case (75.4%), Esophagocolojejunostomy 4 case (7.1%), Mckeown operation 10 case (17.5%). In Diet habitus, 55 patients (96.5%) ate more than three times in a day with mean diet frequency was 3.5 times/day, 51 patients (89.5%) have been ate solid, regular diet, 5 patients (8.8%) enable to eat liquid diet. To compare with preoperative state, 32 patients (56.9%) had a diet speed more than 80%, 28 patients (39.1%) had a diet amount more than 80%. 32 patients (56.9%) had a little change of body weight within a 10%, 25 patients (43%) had a improvement rather than preoperative state. In G-E reflux, 4 patients (7%) had a reflux after every diet, 27 patients (47.4%) had a little reflux after diet. In dumping symptom. 7 patients (12.3%) had a diarrhea after meal. 38 patients (66.6%) had a normal activity 19 patients (33.3%) had a decreased activity. At present state, majority (53 patient-93%) of patient were satisfactory to the operation result, in spite of discomfort from time to time. In the emotional status, 50 patients (88%) had a well sleeping without disturbance. 65% of patients were comfortable in the psychology state. 39% of patients had a libido. Compare with their median age (63 y), it's a normal varient. Conclusion: QOL in patients underwent esophageal surgery for esophageal cancer nearly recovery to preoperative state.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.5-17
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• 2001

It is known that aggressive treatment of chemotherapy, radiation and autogenous stem cell transplantation is effective for prevention of recurrence in the high-risk breast cancer patients. It was assumed that this procedure takes a longer time and decreases the quality of life more than the standard adjuvant chemotherapy. However, there are few studies comparing the quality of life of patients having bone marrow transplantation and adjuvant chemotherapy. Most of the studies were focused on the quality of life in one point of time, such as only during the early treatment stage, only overall quality of life rather than specific dimensions of the quality of life. The purposes of this study are 1) to identify the difference of the quality of life between two different treatment patterns, adjuvant chemotherapy and autogenous stem cell transplantation: 2) to identify the mostly affected dimension and the periods of time affected by the treatment patterns; and 3) to identify the trajectories of quality of life in each treatment pattern. This is a time series design that measures 4 different points of times. At the beginning of the study, 19 patients were placed in the chemotherapy group and 12 in the group of auto-peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. The inclusion criterion was the advanced disease stage of 3 or over with metastasis of more than 5 lymph nodes. The exclusion criteria were 1) anyone who has metastasis to other organ; 2) anyone who had psychological problems. Ferrell's Quality of Life Scale for Cancer Survivors 41 items on a 10 point scale was used. The QOL-CS includes 4 dimensions, which were labeled physical, psychological, social, and spiritual. The Cronbach‘s alpha of this scale was 0.89. Mann-Whitney U test and Friedman test were used to test each hypothesis. In comparison of the two groups, the quality of life of the bone marrow transplantation group dramatically increased at the 3rd and 6th month after transplantation, while the chemotherapy groups results stayed lower. The most affected dimension of the quality of life at the end of the treatment was the physical dimension. However, it and increased along with time, while the psychological dimension values remained low over the long-term period. Intensive nursing care is needed during the entire period of chemotherapy in all patients having chemotherapy, and is also required for right after cases of bone marrow transplantation.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.105-113
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the new version of the arthritis self-management program (ASMP) developed by the Korean Society of Muscle and Joint Health. Methods: A total of 150 patients with osteoarthritis (OA) were participated in a 6-week self-arthritis management program provided once a week in 3 community health centers. Each session took 1.5 hours. This study measured present health status, frequency of fall during last 3 months, pain, difficulties in activity of daily living, exercise-related efficacy, flexibility of both arms, balance, and health-related quality of life. Results: After a 6-week program, pain, difficulties in ADL, present health status, exercise-related efficacy, health-related quality of life, flexibility of both shoulders, and balance were significantly improved. Conclusion: The results showed the possibility of the 6-week ASMP program in improving health state, physical function, and health-related quality of life in patients with OA.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.123-128
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• 1999

Recently, entomopathogenic nematodes have received a considerable attention as biologicalcontrol agents. For in vitro cultivation, storage and transportation of nematodes, oxygen supply isextremely impotant due to its limited solubility and mass transfer problem. The oxygen uptake rates(OURs) of four different Steinernema species were measured in a 5L bioreactor at varying temperatures.The OURs of the Steinernema spp. were below 0.5 x mmolO'||'&'||' . min in the range of 13-17$^{\circ}$C. TheOURs (mmo102/L - min) of S. glaseri Dongrae and S. carpocapsae Pocheon strains were 0.4 x lo-', 0.75x lo-\ulcorner at 21$^{\circ}$C, 1.5 x lo-\ulcorner, 3.2 x 10-2 at 25"C, and 2.8 x lo-', 5.8 x lo-\ulcorner at 29"C, respectively. However,the OURs were not significantly altered by the agitation speed of 50-150 rpm. The specific oxygenuptake rates (qol) of S. glaseri NC, S. glaseri Dongrae, S. glaseri Mungyeong and S. carpocapsaePocheon strains were 0.3 x 0.5 x 0.3 x and 0.2 x mmolO~/cell min at 25"C,respectively. As the nematode size and temperature were increased, the qo, was also increased.the qo, was also increased.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.16
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• pp.7117-7121
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• 2015

Background: The effects of home nursing intervention on the quality of life in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) after radiotherapy and chemotherapy are unclear. According to the characteristics of nursing home patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, we should continuously improve the nursing plan and improve the quality of life of patients at home. Materials and Methods: We selected 180 patients at home with NPC after radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The patients were randomly divided into experimental and control groups (90 patients each). The experimental group featured intervention with an NPC home nursing plan, while the control group was given routine discharge and outpatient review. Nursing intervention for patients was mainly achieved by regular telephone follow-up and home visits. We use the quality of life scale (QOL-C30), anxiety scale (SAS) and depression scale (SDS) to evaluate these patients before intervention, and during follow-up at 1 month and 3 months after the intervention. Results: Overall health and quality of life were significantly different between the groups (p<0.05), Emotional function score was significantly higher after intervention (p<0.05), as were cognitive function and social function scores after 3 months of intervention (p<0.05). Scores of fatigue, nausea and vomiting, pain, appetite and constipation were also significantly different between the two groups (p<0.05). Rates of anxiety and depression after 3 months of intervention were 11.1%, 22.2% and 34.4%, 53.3%, the differences being significant (p<0.05). Conclusions: NPC home nursing plan could effectively improve overall quality of life, cognitive function, social function (after 3 months) of patients, but improvement regarding body function is not suggested. Fatigue, nausea and vomiting, pain, appetite, constipation were clearly improved. We should further pursue a personalized, comprehensive measurements for nursing interventions and try to improve the quality of life of NPC patients at home.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.157-175
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Hangamdan(抗癌丹). The clinical study was carried out 320 cases of patients with cancer treated by Hangamdan(抗癌丹) from May 1st 1998 to September 1st 1999. The results were summarized as follows; 1. The effects of improvement in the symptoms with traditional oriental cancer therapy(47.6%) were higher than combined treatment of western and oriental therapy(37.4%). 2. In the analysis of hematology, maintenance and increasing of WBC(86.2%), Hgb(87.2%), P1atelet(97.6%) RBC(81.1%) were observed. In the analyses of tumor marker, maintenance and decreasing of CEA(76%), CA19-9(88.8%), AFP(69.2%) were observed. 3. In the analysis of safety, maintenance and decreasing of AST(93.1%), ALT(95%), BUN(92.2%), Creatinine(93.6%) were observed. 4. In the analysis of QOL attached by cancer, combined treatment of western and oriental therapy(maintenance and improvement; 91.8%) was higher than traditional oriental cancer therapy(maintenance and improvement; 79.3%) 5. In the analysis of survival in patients with terminal cancer, above 6 months(46.3%), 12 months(19.2%). 6. In the analysis of antitumor effects, combined treatment of western and oriental therapy(maintenance 71.6% improvement 12.8%) was higher than traditional oriental therapy (maintenance 66.7% improvement 9.5%). 7. In the analysis of curative evaluation, combined treatment of western and oriental therapy(maintenance 40.4% improvement 41.8%) was higher than traditional oriental therapy (maintenance 23.8% improvement 46.1%). 8. In the analysis of IL-12 and IFN-$\gamma$ attached by cancer, increasing of IL-12(32.3%), IFN-$\gamma$(41.5%) were observed. From the above results, it is suggested that Hangamdan has significant effects of antitumor and immune activity, also could be usefully applied for cancer patients by combination with western therapy or alone.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.362-374
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• 2015

Objectives: This study was performed to investigate the effects of overestimation of their own body shape on weight control behaviors, mental condition, physical activity, dietary behavior, health-related quality of life, and nutritional status among young Korean females. Methods: A total of 1,514 women aged 20-39 years who are not pregnant and lactating among those who participated in the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010~2011), were analyzed and grouped into underestimation (n=120), normal estimation (NE, n=840), and overestimation (OE, n=554), based on their body perception compared to actual percent ideal body weights. Variables were compared between OE group and NE group. Results: The subjects in OE group were significantly younger (29.5 vs. 30.5 years, respectively p < 0.05) and had lower body mass index (20.9 vs. 22.2 respectively, p < 0.01), health-related quality of life measured by EQ-5D (EuroQol-5 Dimension)(0.97 vs. 0.98 respectively, p < 0.05), nutrition adequacy ratio (NAR) of protein (0.91 vs. 0.93 respectively, p < 0.05), phosphorous (0.93 vs. 0.96 respectively, p < 0.05), and iron (0.70 vs. 0.75 respectively, p < 0.01), and index of nutrition quality (INQ) of iron (0.84 vs. 0.89 respectively, p < 0.05) compared to those in the NE group. The results of logistic regression showed that unmarried status (OR 1.32; 1.01~1.72) and severely underweight/underweight status (OR 1.94; 1.01~3.75)/(OR 1.81; 1.34~2.45) were significantly related to the probability of overestimation by the subjects. Significantly more women in OE group practiced fasting, skipping meals, and taking prescribed pills to lose body weights and had skipped breakfast compared to those in the NE group. Conclusions: The results of this study suggested that the Korean young women's distorted perception of own body shape may be associated with undesirable weight control behavior, low quality of life, and lower nutritional status. Therefore, nutrition education for this group should include information on correct body shape perception and its importance.