• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.12-20
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• 1987

Since People have serveral feelings for the sound according to its frequency the responses of sound frequencies for the people have been studies in this paper. The feelings of sound are investigated by questionaire thar are pure tones, waring sounds of automobile and sounds that white noise is passed by one and one-third octave bandpass filter. Experimental results have been shown that people have good response for the pure tone between 160(Hz) and 500(Hz), and have unpleasant response for the pure tone above 1000 (Hz), warning sounds of automobile, and for white noise. Warning sound of automobile horn has been mainly distributed between 1000(Hz) and 2600(Hz). Hence the resells are shown that the responses for warning sound of autombile horn are similar to that for pure tone between 100(Hz) and 2600(Hz). As a results, it is necessary to make warning sound of automobile horn have frequencies between 200(Hz) and 500(Hz) with low level in the residental districts and crowded streets.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.1157-1164
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• 2007

In this paper, we implement a PDA(Personal Digital Assistant)-based audiometric system in order to estimate hearing threshold by adopting both pure-tone sound and speech audiometric test system. To estimate a subject's hearing threshold in an ambulatory audiometric test environment, an efficient sound calibration scheme between a PDA and a headphone device is proposed by appling polynomial fitting algorithms in 8-banded frequency ranges.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.263-271
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• 2006

Objective : This study describes the cases of sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) patients with marked or complete recovery. Methods : Three patients received oriental medical treatments continuously for more than 1 month and measured the hearing recovery. For diagnosis on these cases, pure tone audiometry (GSI 38, Welch allyn company) was used. For treatment, acupuncture, herbal-medicine and moxibustion treatment were applied. Results : All patients of this report had the recovery of hearing. In 2 cases, the pure-tone 5 frequency (0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 KHz) average improved by more than 35 dB (Marked recovery). In 1 case, it was within the normal limits after oriental medical therapy (Complete recovery). In addition, tinnitus and vertigo decreased in all patients. Conclusions : We may expect that the oriental medical therapy improvers the hearing recovery in the patients of SSNHL.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
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• v.34S no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 1997

In this paper, the performance of a hybrid direct-sequence/slow-frequency-hoped (DS/SFH) spread-spectrum (SS) system with noncoherent DPSK modulation is considered. Th ebit error probability is derived ovef a rayleigh fading channel in the presence of multiple tone jamming. Numerical evaluations are presented for some combinations of system parameters. The performance of a hybrid DS/SFH SS system is shown to be inferior to that of a pure DS SS system at low jamming-to-signal power ratio (JSR). At high JSR, the performance of a pure DS SS system is shown to be the same as the worst case peformance of a hybrid DS/SFH SS system.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.77-89
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• 2017

This study investigates the phonetic meaning of clarity and turbidity(淸濁) that has been used in psychoacoustics, musicology, and linguistics in both the East and the West. With a view to clarifying the phonetic meaning of clarity and turbidity, this study conducts three perception tests. First, 34 subjects were asked to take one of Clear and Turbid by forced choice for 5 pure and complex tones, respectively, ranging from A2 to A6 differing by octave. Second, they were asked to select between the two choices for 25 pure and complex tones, respectively, ranging from A2 to A4 differing by semitone. Third, they were asked to opt for one of the two choices for 8 different vowels of different formant and fundamental frequencies. Results showed that there is a certain range of tone which is perceived as clear, that clarity level increases as fundamental frequency increases, and that pure tones have a higher level of clarity than complex ones, fundamental frequency being equal. Results also showed that vocal tract resonance enhances clarity level on the whole, and that lower vowels have a higher level of clarity than higher ones. This study is significant in that it demonstrates that clarity level is proportional to fundamental frequency and the first formant frequency, all else being equal.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.15-19
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• 1998

Objectives: It is expected that the combined cisplatin and radiation therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma produces more sensory neural hearing losses compared to radiation therapy alone. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence of sensory neural hearing losses after concurrent cisplatin and radiation therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Materials and Methods: From Jun. 1994 to Mar. 1997, 10 patients were available for this study with the following eligibility criteria: 1) The patients received concurrent cisplatin and radiation therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. 2) There was no pre-existing auditory disease except serous otitis media due to nasopharyngeal carcinoma. 3) They had normal sensorineural hearing function on the pretreatment pure tone audiogram. 4) Pure tone audiograms were performed at least one time after treatment between 6months to 1 year follow-up without local recurrence. Results: At 1 year follow-up, 3 patients complained of decreased hearing capacity. Sensorineural hearing losses were developed in 15 ears out of 20(75%) and were more frequent and severe in high frequency area on pure tone audiogram. Conclusion: The concurrent cisplatin and radiation therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma may produce sensorineural hearing losses more frequently compared to historical data of radiation therapy alone and close evaluations with regular audiograms are necessary even in patients without symptoms and signs of hearing impairment.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.383-388
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• 1994

Chaotic analysis of EEG signal responding to auditory stimulus with various carrier frequency and constant triggering frequency is given in this paper. The EEG signal is obtained from the digital 12channel EEG system made in our laboratory. The carrier frequency is varied from 1 kHz to 3 kHz by 0.5 kHz step. Chaos analysis such as pseudo phase space portrait, Lyapunov exponent, and so on is done on the auditory stimulated evoked potential. This result is found to be quite consistent with the well known results from the psychological perception theory.

• Journal of Audiology & Otology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.63-68
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• 2019

Background and Objectives: To investigate the relationship between hearing impairment and alcohol drinking patterns in South Korean adults. Subjects and Methods: Data collection was performed by Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey from January 1 to December 31, 2012. Data analyses were performed from February 20 to March 3, 2018. Data from 3,860 adults 20 years of age or older without a history of malignancy or chronic otitis media in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey 2012 database who participated in the health questionnaires, and who had available results from otologic examinations that included pure tone audiogram, were included. Pure-tone average hearing thresholds were calculated at 500, 1,000, 2,000, and 4,000 Hz. Hearing loss was defined as a pure-tone average >40 dB in one or both ears. The Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test was used to evaluate drinking statuses of subjects. Data were analyzed using the complex-sample χ²-test of independence and a complex-sample logistic regression analysis. Results: Of the 29,954,319 individuals in the weighted cross-sectional study population, 15,106,040 (50.4%) were men and 14,848,098 (49.6%) were women. A total of 8.1% of men and 7% of women had hearing impairment. The degrees of drinking with appropriate, risky, and hazardous drinking habits were 58.2, 32.1, and 9.7% among men; and 76.4, 12.5, and 11.1% among women, respectively. Among men, the odds ratio of hearing loss increased by 2.506 times when comparing hazardous and appropriate drinking (confidence interval, 1.083 to 5.800, p=0.002). Moderate alcohol consumption (≤2 drinks per day) was not protective for hearing in either group. Conclusions: As hazardous drinking tends to coexist with hearing impairment in men, appropriate prevention and intervention strategies should be emphasized. A longitudinal study to investigate harmful drinking and the mechanism of hearing loss should be performed.

• Korean Journal of Audiology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.63-68
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• 2019

Background and Objectives: To investigate the relationship between hearing impairment and alcohol drinking patterns in South Korean adults. Subjects and Methods: Data collection was performed by Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey from January 1 to December 31, 2012. Data analyses were performed from February 20 to March 3, 2018. Data from 3,860 adults 20 years of age or older without a history of malignancy or chronic otitis media in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey 2012 database who participated in the health questionnaires, and who had available results from otologic examinations that included pure tone audiogram, were included. Pure-tone average hearing thresholds were calculated at 500, 1,000, 2,000, and 4,000 Hz. Hearing loss was defined as a pure-tone average >40 dB in one or both ears. The Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test was used to evaluate drinking statuses of subjects. Data were analyzed using the complex-sample χ²-test of independence and a complex-sample logistic regression analysis. Results: Of the 29,954,319 individuals in the weighted cross-sectional study population, 15,106,040 (50.4%) were men and 14,848,098 (49.6%) were women. A total of 8.1% of men and 7% of women had hearing impairment. The degrees of drinking with appropriate, risky, and hazardous drinking habits were 58.2, 32.1, and 9.7% among men; and 76.4, 12.5, and 11.1% among women, respectively. Among men, the odds ratio of hearing loss increased by 2.506 times when comparing hazardous and appropriate drinking (confidence interval, 1.083 to 5.800, p=0.002). Moderate alcohol consumption (≤2 drinks per day) was not protective for hearing in either group. Conclusions: As hazardous drinking tends to coexist with hearing impairment in men, appropriate prevention and intervention strategies should be emphasized. A longitudinal study to investigate harmful drinking and the mechanism of hearing loss should be performed.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.73-79
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• 2017

It is difficult to detect the adult hearing loss after the language acquisition because of its slow progression, which can be evaluated voluntarily and actively when the appropriate tools are provided. Smartphones are one of useful tools, and they can utilize surveys and/or applications for hearing screening. This study aims to verify the possibility as a tool discovering delayed acquired hearing losses by comparing the pure tone screening application (app_PTS) which was recently developed by our research team and hearing handciap inventory (HHI). The subjects were 22 people whose age ranges from 10s to 80s. For pure tone averages (PTAs), hearing threshold level was selected the best one in same frequency, in both ears. Sensitivity and specificity of HHI were confirmed based on self awareness of hearing loss and PTAs at 1, 2, 4 kHz. Comparisons of two tests were measured by analyzing simple regression of correlation between PTAs of App_PTS and HHI scores. Sensitivity and specificity were 1.000 in both criteria. There was a statistically significant relationship between the PTAs_4 kHz and HHI (R-square = .951, p = .000). Hearing screening by questionnaire showed high correlation with smart phones based on application. Therefore, it can be useful as a hearing screening tool for individual life cycle using an user-friendly tool.