• 제목/요약/키워드: Pulmonary resection

검색결과 486건 처리시간 0.023초

선천성심질환(先天性心疾患)의 심폐기(心肺器) 개심수술(開心手術) - 4례(例) 보고(報告) - (Open Heart Surgery of Congenital Heart Diseases -Report of Four Cases-)

  • 김근호;박영관;지행옥;김영태;이종배;정윤채;오철수
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • 제9권1호
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    • pp.1-9
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    • 1976
  • The present. study reports four cases of congenital heart diseases, who received open heart surgery by the Sarn's Heart-Lung-Machine in the department of Thoracic Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital during the period between July 1975 and May 1976. The Heart-Lung-Machine consisted of the Sarn's five head roller pump motor system (model 5000), heat exchanger, bubble trap, the Rygg-Kyvsgaard oxygenator, and monitors. The priming of pump oxygenator was carried out by the hemodilution method using Hartman's solution and whole blood. Of the four cases of the heart diseases, three whose body weight were below 30kg, received the partial hemodilution priming and the remaining one whose body weight was 52kg received the total hemodilution priming with Hartman's solution alone. The rate of hemodilution was in the average of 60.5ml/kg. Extracorporeal circulation was performed at the perfusion flow rate of the average 94.0ml/kg/min, and at the moderate hypothermia between 35'5"C and 30'5"C of the rectal temperature. In the total cardiopulmonary bypass, arterial blood pressure was anged between 30 mmHg and 85 mmHg, generally maintaining over 60 mmHg and venous pressure was measured between 4 and $23cmH_2O$, generally maintaining below $10cmH_2O$. The first case: The patient, a nine year old girl having the symptoms and physical signs typical to cardiac anomaly was definitely diagnosed as isolated pulmonary stenosis through the cardiac catheterization. There was, however, no cyanosis, no pathological finding by X-ray and E.C.G. tracings. The valvulotomy was performed through the arteriotomy of pulmouary artery under the total cardiopulmonary bypass. Postoperative course of the patient was uneventful, and murmur and the clinical symptoms disappeared. The second case: A 12 year old boy with congenital heart anomaly was positively identified as having ventricular septal defect through the cardiac catheterization. As in the case with the first case, the patient exhibited the symptoms and physical signs typical to cardiac anomaly, but no pathological abnormality by X-ray and E.C.G. tracings. The septal defect was localized on atrioventricular canal and was 2 by 10 mm in size. The septal defect was closed by direct simple sutures under the cardiopulmonary bypass. Postoperative hemodynamic study revealed that the pressure of the right ventricle and pulmonary artery were decreased satisfactory. Postoperative course of the patient was uneventful, and murmur and the clinical symptoms disappeared. The third case: The patient, a 19 year old girl had been experienced the clinical symptoms typical to cardiac anomaly for 16 years. The pink tetralogy of Fallot was definitey diagnosed through the cardiac catheterization. The patient was placed on an ablolute bed rest prior to the operation because of severe exertional dyspnea, fatigability, and frequent syncopal attacks. However, she exhibited very slight cyanosis. Positive findings were noted on E.C.G. tracings and blood picture, but no evidence of pathological abnormality on X-ray was observed. All of the four surgical approaches such as Teflon patch closure (3 by 4cm in size) of ventricular septal defect, myocardial resection of right ventricular outflow tract, valvulotomy of pulmonary valvular stenosis, and pericardial patch closing of ventriculotomy wound were performed in 95 minutes under the cardiopulmonary bypass. Postoperative hemodynamic study revealed that the pressure of the right ventricle was decreased and pulmonary artery was increased satisfactorily. Postoperative course of the patient was uneventful, and murmur and the clinical symptoms disappeared. The fourth case: The patient, a 7 1/4 year old girl had the symptoms of cardiac anomaly for only three years prior to the operation. She was positively identified as having acyanotic tetralogy of Fallot by open heart surgery. The patient showed positive findings by X-ray and E.C.G. tracings, but exhibited no cyanosis and normal blood picture. All of the three surgical approaches, such a myocardial resection of hypertrophic sight ventricular outflow tract, direct suture closing of ventricular septal defect and pericardial patch closing of ventriculotomy wound were carried out in 110 minutes under the cardiopulmonary bypass. Postoperative hemodynamic study revealed that the pressure of the right ventricle was decreased and pulmonary artery was increased satisfactorily. Postoperative course of the patient was uneventful, and the symptoms disappeared.

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폐결핵 환자의 수술전 항결핵제 투여기간에 따른 수술후 임상경과 (Postoperative Clinical Courses According to the Length of Preoperative Drug Therapy in Pulmonary Tuberculosis)

  • 권은수;김대연;박승규
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • 제47권6호
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    • pp.775-785
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    • 1999
  • 연구배경: 내성결핵의 발현으로 인하여 수술요법이 활성화되면서 폐결핵에서 절제술에 대한 표준화된 적응증과 언제 수술을 시행할 것인가 하는 문제가 대두되게 되었다. 그러나, 수술의 이상적 시기는 보고자에 따라 다양하다. 이에 본 연구는 폐결핵 환자에서 폐절제술전 투약 기간과 술후 결과를 서로 비교 분석하여 폐결핵의 수술의 시기를 결정하는데 지표가 되고자 하였다. 방 법: 국립마산결핵병원에서 1993년 1월부터 1997년 12월까지 입원 치료를 받은 환자 중 폐절제술을 시행 받은 69예를 진료기록을 중심으로 조사하였다. 전체 환자군 69 예를 술전 투약 기간에 따라 1개월, 2개월, 3개월, 4개월, 5개월, 6개월, 7개월, 8개월, 9개월, 10개월, 11개월, 12개월의 간격으로 환자군을 분류하고 각군의 술후 합병증 발생율, 술후 치료실패율, 치료종결후 재발율을 $x^2$-test를 이용하여 서로 비교하였고, 수술 직전 객담 AFB 배양 양성이었던 28예를 술전 투약 기간에 따라 상기와 같이 분류하고 각군의 술후 합병증 발생율, 술후 치료실패율, 치료종결후 재발율을 비교하였다. 결 과: 전체 69예 중 남자가 56예, 여자가 13예 이었고 16세에서 63세의 연령분포를 보였다(중앙값 33 세). 술전 내성 약제수는 평균 3.1제였다. 내성의 분포는 다제 내성결핵이 전체의 54%, 약제 내성결핵이 19%, 모든 약제에 감수성인 경우가 7%, 내성검사를 하지 않은 경우와 그 결과를 알 수 없는 경우가 20% 였다. 결핵 치료의 과거력이 한 번도 없었던 예에서 최다 6회의 치료력을 보였고, 술전, 술후 평균 사용약제수는 각각 4.6제, 4.4제였다. 술전 투약 기간은 0.1개월에서 24.8개월까지 다양하게 나타났고, 술후 투약기간은 2.7개월에서 30.2개월까지 나타났고 평균 13개월의 투약기간이 있었다. 수술날짜를 기준으로 술후 추적관찰기간은 평균 30.8개월이었다. 전체 69예 중 술후 치료실패한 경우가 8예로 치료실패율이 11.6%였다. 추적관찰이 가능하였던 59예 중 4예가 재발되어 재발율은 6.8%였다. 전체 환자군을 술전 투약 기간에 따라 나누어 각각의 분류군 마다 치료실패율, 재발율, 합병증 발생율을 비교하였으나 유의한 차이는 없었다. 수술직전 객담 AFB 배양 양성군과 음성군간에 술후 치료실패율, 재발율, 합병증 발생율 등에 차이가 있을 것으로 기대되어 비교해 보았는데, 재발율과 합병증 발생율은 수술직전 객담 배양 양성군과 음성군간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었으나, 양성군 28예 중 7예(25.0%, p<0.01)의 술후 치료 실패가 있었고, 음성군에서는 41예 중 1예(2.4%)의 치료실패가 발생하여 치료실패율에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 이에 수술직전 객담 AFB 배양 양성군에서 술전 투약 기간에 따라 상기와 같이 각각의 분류군 마다 치료실패율을 통계적으로 비교하였으나 술전 투약 기간에 따른 술후 결과의 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결 론: 상기의 결과를 바탕으로 폐결핵에서 절제술을 시행함에 있어 술전 투약 기간은 술후 치료실패, 재발, 합병증 발생 등의 술후 결과에 크게 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 보인다. 그러나, 상기 결론을 좀더 명확하게 하기 위하여는 더욱더 많은 연구가 필요하리라 생각된다. 또한 술전 환자의 과거 치료력, 내성 약제수, 수술의 적응, 술후 약제의 조합, 술후 투약기간 등에 관하여 앞으로 활발한 연구가 있어야 하겠다.

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Surgical Outcomes in Small Cell Lung Cancer

  • Ju, Min-Ho;Kim, Hyeong-Ryul;Kim, Joon-Bum;Kim, Yong-Hee;Kim, Dong-Kwan;Park, Seung-Il
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • 제45권1호
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    • pp.40-44
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    • 2012
  • Background: The experience of a single-institution regarding surgery for small cell lung cancer (SCLC) was reviewed to evaluate the surgical outcomes and prognoses. Materials and Methods: From July 1990 to December 2009, thirty-four patients (28 male) underwent major pulmonary resection and lymph node dissection for SCLC. Lobectomy was performed in 24 patients, pneumonectomy in eight, bilobectomy in one, and segmentectomy in one. Surgical complications, mortality, the disease-free survival (DFS) rate, and the overall survival rate were analyzed retrospectively. Results: The median follow-up period was 26 months (range, 4 to 241 months), and there was one surgical mortality (2.9%). Six patients (17.6%) experienced recurrence, all of which were systemic. Eight patients died during follow-up; four died of disease progression and the other four died of pneumonia or of another non-cancerous cause. The three-year DFS rate was $79.2{\pm}2.6%$ and the overall survival rate was $66.4{\pm}10.5%$. Recurrence or death was significantly prevalent in the patients with lymph node metastasis (p=0.001) as well as in those who did not undergo adjuvant chemotherapy (p=0.008). The three-year survival rate was significantly greater in the patients with pathologic stage I/II cancer than in those with stage III cancer (84% vs. 13%, p=0.001). Conclusion: Major pulmonary resection for small cell lung cancer is feasible in selected patients. Patients with pathologic stage I or II disease showed an excellent survival rate after surgery and adjuvant treatment. Prospective randomized studies will be needed to define the role of surgery in early-stage small cell lung cancer.

중증 폐기종 환자에서의 폐용적 감축술, 7례 (Lung Volume Reduction Surgery in Patients with Severe Emphysema, 7 cases)

  • 진웅;이선희;김시훈;왕영필;조규도;박재길;곽문섭;김세화
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • 제32권6호
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    • pp.543-548
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    • 1999
  • 배경: 폐용적 감축술은 말기 폐기종환자의 치료에 폐장이식의 대치술 혹은 전단계 시술로 최근 이용되고 있는 술식이다. 또한 심한 폐기종환자에서 종양이 동반되는 경우, 종양절제술과 동반하여 사용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 저자들은 폐종양 절제술을 동시 시행한 2례를 포함하여 7례의 폐용적 감축술후 평균 21개월간의 추적 관찰 결과를 보고한다. 대상 및 방법: 가톨릭대학교 흉부외과에서는 1996년 7월부터 1997년6월까지 수술당시 폐 종양이 의심되었던 환자 2례를 포함하여 만성폐기종환자 7명에서 폐용적 감축술을 시행하였다. 술후 검사는 3개월, 6개월, 1년, 2년에 각각 시행하였으며 현재까지 평균 21개월의 추적관찰을 시행하였다. 결과: 술후 사망은 술후 13개월에 뇌 전이를 동반한 평편상피암이 좌상엽에서 발견된 환자 1례에서 있었다. 나머지 6례의 환자는 평균 21개월의 추적관찰 중으로 현재까지 양호한 경과를 보이고 있다. 결론: 폐용적 감축술은 심한 폐기종환자의 치료에 유용하며 앞으로 적절한 적응증이 확인되고 장기성적이 보고되는 등의 계속적인 연구 결과가 필요한 것으로 생각된다. 또 폐 기능의 여유가 없는 폐기종환자의 초기 폐종양치료에 술후 폐 기능의 개선을 위하여 종양절제술과 동시에 폐용적 감축술을 시행할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

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폐농양과 감염성 낭포의 경피적 배농술 (Percutaneous Drainage of Lung Abscess and Infected Bulla)

  • 김건호;황영실;김형진
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • 제41권2호
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    • pp.120-126
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    • 1994
  • 연구배경 : 내과적 치료에 반응이 없는 폐농양 환자와 감염성 낭포환자에서 대체 치료방법은 폐농양 환자에서는 페엽절제술과 같은 수술이나 감염성 낭포환자에서는 계속적 항생제 투여였는데, 저자들은 이와같은 경우 직경이 작은 카테타로 국소마취하에 경피적 배농술을 시행하여 그 치료효과와 부작용을 알아 보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법 : 1주 이상의 항생제를 포함한 내과적 치료에 반응이 없고, 공동의 직경이 6cm 이상인 만성적 기저질환을 가지는 폐농양 환자 9에와 감염성 낭포환자 3예에서 흉부 단순촬영과 흉부 전산화 단층촬영 후 투시하에 seldinger 방법을 사용하여 8.3~12.3 Fr의 카테타를 삽입 후 배농시키면서 임상경과를 관찰하였다. 결과 : 카테타 삽입 후 농흉이 발생한, 폐암과 동반된 1예를 제외한 8예의 폐농양과 3예의 감염성 낭포에서 경피적 배농술 후 임상적 호전을 보였다. 배농 후 평균 1.9일 내 해열되었고, 평균 배농기간은 9.9일이였다. 7예에서 퇴원 후 1~7개월간 외래 관찰되었으며, 재발 등의 문제는 없었다. 결론 : 내과적 치료에 반응이 없는 거대 폐암 환자에게 경피적 배농술은 효과적이고 안전한 방법이므로, 수술보다 우선적으로 고려되어야 하겠다. 그러나 감염성 낭포환자에 대한 경피적 배농술은 본 연구의 결과만으로 내과적 치료보다 더 안전하고 효과적이라고 할 수 없으므로 더 많은 연구가 있어야 하겠다.

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자연기흉에 대한 Thoracoscopy 의 임상적의의 (Clinical Significance of Thoracoscopy on Spontaneous Pneumothorax)

  • 김영태;김근호
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • 제8권1호
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    • pp.19-28
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    • 1975
  • The thoracoscopic study was reported on 21 cases of spontaneous pneumothorax requiring surgical management, and clinical values of thoracoscopic examination on spontaneous pneumothorax were also discussed. patients were treated in the Department of .Thoracic Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital for the period of two Years from May 1972 to April 1974. For exact detection of etiologic factors on spontaneous pneumothorax, the thoracoscopic examination in the intrapleural space was performed in parallel with X-ray study. this study, the difference of diagnostic and therapeutic significance between radiological and thoracoscopic findings were observed and compared simultaneously. The results are summerized as follows: Patients age was distributed between 3 and 70 years old with highest incidence in the age group of sixty decade [33. 3%], and sex ratio of male to female was 5:2. The tuberculous processes which developed superficial subpleural layer in the lung parenchyme, on the pulmonary surface could be observed by thoracoscopic examination in a characteristic picture. detection ratio of pulmonary tuberculosis by the radiologic study to that by thoracoscopy was 8:2. The adhesion between the visceral and the parietal pleura which could possibly make a rupture of the alveola and the visceral pleura was found to be localized in a small area of the lung surface. The other part of the lung surface was free of the adhesion and, therefore, the movement of the lung took place completely without any difficulty. The ruptured orifice of the pleura and pathological changes surrounding the orifice can be detected by thoracoscopy, but not by other means such as radiologic examination. A single tuberculous bleb and multiple emphysematous blebs were found on 6 cases out of 21 cases of spontaneous pneumothorax. Among these cases, radiologic Study revealed the bleb only in one patient. On the other hand, the blebs were found in all the six patients by means of thoracoscopic examination. It gives the detection ratio of bleb by radiologic study to that by thoracoscopy was 1:6. By thoracoscopy, the rupture on the lung surface were visualized on the 10 patients out of a total of 21 patients [10 patients of visual rupture]. However, the rupture of the pleura was not observed on the rest of 11 patients even by thoracoscopic examination [11 patients of non visual rupture]. Five patients [50%] out of ten who had the visual rupture on the lung surface was required a surgical operation to remove pneumothorax. For the patients who were detected to have the visual rupture of the pleura by thoracoscopy, be considered in the early stage of closed thoracostomy. of 21 patients, 16 patients [11 patients of non visual rupture of the pleura and 5 patients of visual rupture of the pleura] who received no surgical management, were treated with closed thoracostomy with continuous suction, and the` pneumothorax was healed completely up in each cases. Therapeutic measures for the remaining 5 patients of visual rupture of the pleura who were subjected to surgical approach for radical treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax were accordingly complicated, and the following different procedures were properly indicated case by case, that is, rib resection thoracostomy, simple closure of ruptured visceral pleura, wedged resection of the lung, and lobectomy.

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호흡기 질환 환자에서 자전거 타기와 답차를 이용한 운동 부하 폐기능 검사의 비교 (Comparison of Exercise Pulmonary Function Test Using by Treadmill and Bicycle Ergometer in Patients with Respiratory Diseases)

  • 박지현;이흥범;이용철;이양근
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • 제46권3호
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    • pp.386-393
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    • 1999
  • 연구배경 : 호흡곤란을 호소하는 폐질환 환자에 대하여 답차 및 자전거 운동을 시행하여 각각의 운동 부하 방법에 따른 심폐기능의 변화의 차이점을 알아 보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 호흡곤란을 동반한 남자 17명과 여자 4명을 대상으로 1주일 이상의 간격을 두고 무작위로 Sensor Medics사의 model No. 2900 자전거 작업계 (bicycle ergometer)와 Sensor Medics사의 Vmax29 treadmill을 이용하여 각각 incremental exercise를 실시하였다. 결 과 : 답차를 이용한 운동부하 폐기능 검사상 자전거 운동에 비하여 $VO_2max$, VEmax, 혐기성 역치값은 유의한 상승을 보였으며, 호흡 및 심박수 예비력은 유의한 감소를 보였다. 결 론 : 운동부하 검사 방법에 따라 호흡기 질환 환자에서 심폐기능 검사치의 유의한 차이를 보이므로 어떠한 운동 부하 방법을 사용하였는지에 따라 결과 해석에 고려가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

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고립성 폐결절의 예후에 관여하는 인자 (The Prognostic Factors of Solitary Pulmonary Nodule)

  • 정윤섭;김주현
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • 제22권3호
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    • pp.425-435
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    • 1989
  • The solitary pulmonary nodule is considered as a round or ovoid lesion with sharp, circumscribed borders, surrounded by normal appearing lung parenchyme on all sides, and found on a simple chest X-ray without any particular symptoms or signs. There is a wide spectrum of pathologic conditions in the solitary pulmonary nodules prove to be malignant tumors, either primary or metastatic. Most Benign granulomas and other benign conditions can also be seen as solitary nodules. The resection of solitary malignant nodules results in a surprisingly high 5-year survival rate. On the contrary, most benign nodules do not need to be resected and a period of prolonged observation and nonsurgical management is usually indicated. Therefore, the best approach to the controversial management of solitary pulmonary nodules depends on finding factors affecting the probability of malignancy. In this article, clinical records and chest roentgenographies of 60 patients operated on over the past 8 years at the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital were reviewed. There were 15 malignant nodules and 45 benign nodules and the prevalence of malignancy was 25%. The most common pathologic entity was tuberculoma [21 cases]. The mean age was 55.5*9.6 years in the malignant group, 45.8>12.5 years in the benign group and there was a significant statistical difference between the two groups [P < 0.05]. The malignant ratio in each age group increased with advancing age. The average smoking amount was 35.6*12.9 cigarettes per day in malignant smokers, 20.9* 12.0 cigarettes per day in benign smokers, and there was a significant statistical difference between the two groups [p< 0.05]. The malignant ratio also increased with the increasing smoking amount. Comparing the appearance of the nodule on chest films, 6 calcifications and 7 cavitations were found only in benign nodules, not in malignant nodules. Therefore, calcification and cavitation can be considered as preferential findings for benignity. Previous cancer history was also a significant factor deciding the prognosis of the nodule [p< 0.05]. The average diameter on chest X-ray was 3.07*0.82 cm in malignant nodules, 3.25*1.04 cm in benign nodules and there was no significant statistical difference between the two groups [p< 0.05]. The author used Bayes theorem to develop a simple method for combining individual clinical or radiological factors of patients with solitary nodules into an overall estimate of the probability that the nodule is malignant. In conclusion, patient age, smoking amount, appearance of nodule on chest film such as calcification and cavitation, and previous cancer history were found to be strongly associated with malignancy, but size of nodule was not associated with malignancy. Since these prognostic factors have been found retrospectively, prospective controlled studies are needed to determine whether these factors have really prognostic significance.

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좌측 주기관지 근위부에서 발생한 무기폐를 동반한 횡문근 육종의 수술 치료 -1례 보고- (Surgical Treatment of Leiomyosarcoma of the Left Proximal Main Bronchus with Atelectasis of the Left Lung - One Case Report -)

  • 김연수;장우익;허진원;박시영;장선희;박경택;김창영;류지윤;조성준
    • 대한기관식도과학회지
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    • 제13권2호
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    • pp.61-64
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    • 2007
  • Treatment choice for primary pulmonary sarcoma is complete surgical resection. A 69 year old man developed dyspnea due to left lung atelectasis. There was endobronchial tumor completely obstructing the left main bronchus. The tumor was resected completely by main bronchial resection via a left thoracotomy incision, and diagnosed as leiomyosarcoma. Bronchoscopy and computed tomography in 6 months after operation, there was no evidence of recurrence.

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