• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.308-314
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• 2004

Atelocollagen have been used recently in skin and other soft tissue defect regions more than silicone fluid because of the low incidence of an immune reaction and complications. Several cases of acute pneumonitis after a subcutaneous injection of silicone have been reported. The symptoms were dyspnea, fever, chest pain and hemoptysis. Previous reports have explained the pathophysiology of acute pneumonitis to a pulmonary microembolism and cellular inflammation. We experienced two cases of an acute interstitial pneumonitis and pulmonary hemorrhage after a subcutaneous injection of atelocollagen. They were all healthy young women and complained of dyspnea, fever and blood tinged sputum. The chest radiography and computerized tomography showed a bilateral ground glass opacity in both lung fields. One case recovered completely with conservative treatment but the clinical course of the other case was aggravated to the degree that invasive positive pressure ventilation therapy was required. We report a rare case of a diffuse pulmonary alveolar hemorrhage and an interstitial pneumonitis after the subcutaneous injection of atelocollagen for cosmetic purposes.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 1982

During the past ten years from 1972 to 1981, a total of 100 cases of bronchiectasis were treated by pulmonary resection at C.A.F.G.H. Pulmonary tuberculosis and frequent U.R.I. were the most frequent associated disease and encountered in 54% in this series. Various types of pulmonary resection were performed on 100 patients; left lower lobectomy in 40 cases, left lower lobectomy and lingular segmentectomy In 29 cases, right lower lobectomy in 12 cases, right middle and lower lobectomy in 12 cases, lingular segmentectomy in 3 cases, left pneumonectomy in 3 cases and both lower lobectomy in 1 case. Complications developed in 9 cases and 1 case among them died of sepsis following secondary opera-tion. Among complications of 9 cases, postoperative atelectasis showed in 4 cases, hemorrhage in 2 cases, bronchopleural fistula in 2 cases, pulmonary edema in 1 case. Complications were treated by conservative and secondary operative management with satisfactory result except one death. Remainders without complication showed good result without symptom in postoperative and follow-up periods.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.105-113
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• 2016

Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is a life-threatening pulmonary complication in patients with hematologic malignancies or autoimmune disorders. The current treatment options, which include corticosteroids, transfusions, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), and immunosuppressants, have been limited and largely unsuccessful. Recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) has been successfully administered, either systemically or bronchoscopically, to adults for the treatment of DAH, but there are few data on its use in pediatric patients. The current literature in the PubMed database was reviewed to evaluate the efficacy and risk of rFVIIa treatment for DAH in pediatric patients. This review discusses the diagnosis and treatment of DAH, as well as a new treatment paradigm that includes rFVIIa. Additionally, the risks and benefits of off-label use of rFVIIa in pediatric patients are discussed.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.74 no.4
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• pp.151-162
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• 2013

Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is a life-threatening and medical emergency that can be caused by numerous disorders and presents with hemoptysis, anemia, and diffuse alveolar infiltrates. Early bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage is usually required to confirm the diagnosis and rule out infection. Most cases of DAH are caused by capillaritis associated with systemic autoimmune diseases such as anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis, anti-glomerular basement membrane disease, and systemic lupus erythematosus, but DAH may also result from coagulation disorders, drugs, inhaled toxins, or transplantation. The diagnosis of DAH relies on clinical suspicion combined with laboratory, radiologic, and pathologic findings. Early recognition is crucial, because prompt diagnosis and treatment is necessary for survival. Corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents remain the gold standard. In patients with DAH, biopsy of involved sites can help to identify the cause and to direct therapy. This article aims to provide a general review of the causes and clinical presentation of DAH and to recommend a diagnostic approach and a management plan for the most common causes.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.39-45
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• 1975

The authors believe that farm livestok will be greatly affected by the marked increasing use of organic phosphate. This study was carried out to observe the clinical signs and histopathological changes of mouse, guinea pig, hamster and rabbit that were orally administered with diazinon used usually as agricultural insecticide, and cholinesterase (ChE) activity was histochemically examined in the liver, heart, kidney, adrenal gland, duodenum and salivary gland of these experimental animals administered with diazinon. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Clinical signs such as dullness, severe salivation, ataxia, dyspnea, irregular slight convulsion and inappetance and as the histopathological changes cloudy swelling, congestion and hemorrhage of parenchymal organs, catarrh or local necrsois of the gastrointestinal tract, congestion or hemorrhage of the other organs were observed. Especially, hemorrhage of adrenal glands (rabbit, guinea pig) and pulmonary congestion and hemorrhage were necessarily constant. 2. In the histochemical study, ChE activity appeared intensely in the liver, heart, medulla of adrenal glands and salivary glands (submaxillary and parotid) of control animals, but ChE activity was negative or markedly decreased in experimental animals administered with diazinon. There was no marked difference between the control and experimental animals in ChE activity of the kidney. 3. Histochemical observation of ChE activity was helpful to explain the clinical signs and histopathological changes and was regarded as a diagnostic method for organic phosphate poisoning.

• Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.149-154
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• 2022

Busulfan is the most commonly used drug for preconditioning during the transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells and male germ cells. Here, we describe side effects of high doses of busulfan in male mongrel dogs. Busulfan was intravenously administered to three groups of dogs at doses of 10, 15, and 17.5 mg/kg body weight. The total white blood cell, neutrophil, eosinophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, and platelet counts steadily reduced in a dose-dependent manner following busulfan treatment. The white blood cell, neutrophil, and monocyte counts recovered after 6 weeks of busulfan treatment, however, the eosinophil, lymphocyte, and platelet counts remained unaltered. Additionally, there was one fatality in the each of the groups that were administered 15 and 17.5 mg/kg busulfan. The gross lesions included severe hemorrhage in the stomach, intestinal tracts, mesentery and urinary bladder. Microscopic investigation revealed severe pulmonary edema and hemorrhage in the lungs, and severe multifocal to coalescing transmural hemorrhage in the intestines and urinary bladder. These results indicated that treatment with busulfan at doses higher than 15 mg/kg initiates severe bleeding in the internal organs and can have fatal results.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.12-22
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• 1997

Intravenous and oral acute toxicity tests in ICR mice and SD rats and percutaneous acute toxicity tests in SD rats and NZW rabbits were conducted to evaluate the toxicity of DA-5018 and DA-5018 cream, respectively Clinical signs observed in mice and rats after the administration of DA-5018 were similar regardless of administration route. The observed clinical signs were jumping, wild running, lacrimation, ataxia, reddening of extremities and ears, ventral or lateral recumbency, respiratory distress, cyanosis, convulsion and death. Pulmonary enlargement and hemorrhage were observed in the animals died immediately after the dosing of DA-5018. At terminal necropsy, pulmonary enlargement and hemorrhage, corneal opacity and focal scabbing and depilation around nose were seen. LD$_{50}$ Values of DA-5018 are 11.5 mg/kg (mice, male), 12.6 mg/kg (mice, female), 88.3 mg/kg (rat, male) and 73.2 mg/kg (rat, female) in oral toxicity tests and 11.0 mg/kg (mice, male), 18.7 mg/kg (mice, female), 0.12 mg/kg (rat, male) and 0.32 mg/kg (rat, female) in i.v. toxicity tests. In the percutaneous acute toxicity tests of DA-5018 cream, no deaths occured in all the tested groups during 14-day observation period. There were also no abnormalities in the general conditions, body weight changes and on necropsy findings in all groups. LD$_{50}$ values of 0.1 ~0.9% DA-5018 creams in male and female rats and rabbits are >2000 mg/kg./kg.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.46-48
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• 2013

Chondrosarcoma is a very uncommon malignant primary bone tumor, especially, it occurs extremely rare in the spine. A 52-year-old man was admitted to the emergency room with sudden paraplegia. Twelve hours prior to a paraplegic event, he visited an outpatient clinic with discomfort and tenderness around the medial border of the right scapular, and his neurologic status was absolutely intact. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a lobulated soft tissue mass from T3 to T5, which extended to the epidural space. Computed tomography scans showed soft tissue mass on the spinal posterior arch and osteolytic change of the adjacent bony structures. Emergent surgery was performed and the lesion was removed. Dark reddish blood and gel-like material were encountered around the dura and posterior arch during the operation. Multiple pulmonary nodules were found on a chest CT scan and a biopsy of one of them had been proven to be a metastasis of chondrosarcoma. The histologic examination showed dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma. The patient's neurologic deficit was improved slowly from ASIA A to ASIA D. Chondrosarcoma in the spine is extremely rare, even more with acute hemorrhage and sudden expansion into the epidural space. We named it chondrosarcoma apoplexy. We should consider the possibility of a hemorrhagic event when the patient's neurologic deficit worsens suddenly with spinal bone tumor.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.417-426
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• 1998

During the 5 years period(93-197) of Seoul racecourse Thoroughbred racing, 2i963 holies took an active part in Seoul Racecourse and 61,181 horses entered the racing.400 horses(305 : 1 time, 76 :2 times, 19 :3 times, total : 514 cases) had bled(EIPH) from their nostils after their races. Incidence of bleeding horses from the 21963 racehorses was 13.5%, and incidence of bleeding cases from the 61,181 horses was 0.84%. The average racing frequence (1.05 times/1 month) of bleeders was more than that(0.8 times/1 month) of total race-horses. There was tendency to higher incidence of bleeding at older in age, female in sex, England/ Ireland horses in origin, higher grade in performances heavier in body weight increased, larger in weight to be carried, mid or longer in racing distance, handicap race, spring in season. Relationship did not exist between bleeding and respiratory disease. These results suggested that frequent entering into the race should be controlled. And body weight regulation with conditioning is recommended far reducing incidence of EIPH. It is supposed to prevent bleeding that decrescent performance horses should not be entering long distance or handicap race.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.423-427
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• 1997

Hemoptysis occurs quite frequently as a consequence of mitral stenosis, but massive, lirE threatening pulmonary hemorrhage is distinctly unusual. We report a 30 year old female who underwent cmcrgcncy rcdo double valve replacement for intractable pulmonary hemorrhage. she underwent mitral valve replacement (lonescu Shirley 27 mm) due to rheumatic valvular heart disease in 1984 and tricuspid valve annuloplasty (Carpentier's rlng 30mm) two years later She was admitted for massive hcmoptysis and dyspnea on the 26th of December, 1995. Medical treatment including transarterial embolization was given but was not satisfactory. Emergency valve replacement (Mitral valve , 51. Judc 29mm and tricuspid valve ; 51. Jude 33mm) was performed and hemoptysis was controlled dramatically 24 hours after surgery.