• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제71권4호
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• pp.254-258
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• 2011

Background: Although the aging process and features of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have several similarities, the relationship between aging and COPD pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. The klotho gene was found to be related to premature aging and emphysematous changes in an animal model. We investigated whether klotho gene polymorphisms are related to COPD susceptibility and emphysema severity. Methods: A total of 219 COPD subjects from the Korean Obstructive Lung Disease Cohort and 305 control subjects were genotyped for two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the klotho gene associated with coronary artery disease. Logistic regression was performed to determine the association of these SNPs with COPD susceptibility and linear regression was performed to investigate their association with emphysema severity in COPD subjects. Results: The mean age of the COPD subjects was 66 years and their mean FEV1 was 1.46 L. There were no associations between either SNP or COPD susceptibility (p=0.6 and 0.2, respectively) and there were no associations with emphysema severity. Conclusion: Genetic polymorphisms of the klotho gene were not associated with COPD in a Korean population.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.81-103
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• 1995

Study on Pulmonary emphysema based on literature and thesis, etc. Knowing the cause of the oriental medicine and treatment. The results were obtained as follows: 1. In the oriental medicine, we could find that emphysema was similiar to Pye-Chang, Huh-Chun. Sang-Qi, Dan-Qi, So-Qi. 2. The cause was divided to asthenia of the lung and kidney, yang-asthenia of the spleen and kidney with energy-asthenia of the lung as the root, and sputum(痰) had been important in the early period of disease, extravasated blood in the latter period. The proximate cause was clonic pulmonary disease, smoking, air pollution. occupation and symptoms of senility, congenital cause etc. 3.The treatment was divided to Gang-Qi-Wha-Dam, Whal-Hyul-Wha-Eo, Jin-Hae-Pyung-Chun in progress of disease and it was divided to Geon-Bi, Nab-Qi, On-Yang, Yang(養)-Eum, Qi-Eum-Ssang-Bo in relieve period. 4.The medicine used to Bu-Bi-Seng-Maek-San, Jo- Jung-Ik-Qi-Tang, Jung-Won-Eum, Geum-Guae-Sin-Qi-Whan, Jin-Mu-Tang, Yuk-Mi-Whan and So-ja-Gang-Qi-Tang, Pae-Mo-Tang, Ja-Won-Tang, Do-Dam-Tang, Chun-min-Tang, Jeon-Ho-Tang etc. The popular used medicine used to Bo-Pae-Tang, Pyung-Chun-Go-Bon-Tang, In-Sam-Hap-Gae-San-Ga-Gam, In-Sam-Yun-Pae-Won, Jung-Chun-Tang, Bo-Shin-Lee-Pae-Tang etc. Exogenous pathogenic fact and increasing of symptom used to Sam-So-Eum, Sang-Gook-Eum, Wol-Bi-Ga-Ban-Ha-Tang, Sa-Baek-Tang, Ma-Hwang-Tang etc.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.59-63
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• 2011

Objectives : Elastic fibers are found in the skin, lungs, arteries, veins and other structures. The defects of elastic matrix aggravate hypertension which is associated with alteration in the great arteries, arteries, and arterioles. The elastase inhibitors were undergoing in clinical studies about emphysema and pulmonary hypertension. This study was designed to investigate the effect of Astragali Radix extracts (AR) on elastase activity and anti-oxidative effects. Methods : The elastase inhibitory activity and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and NO free radical scavenging activities of AR were measured. Results : The elastase activity was significantly inhibited by AR. The significant DPPH and NO free radical scavenging activities were observed in AR as well. Conclusion : AR showed the anti-elastase effects and anti-oxidative activities in vitro. These results suggest that AR may be a possible drug for the treatment of pulmonary emphysema and pulmonary hypertension.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2011

Objectives : Elastic fibers are found in the skin, lungs, arteries, veins and other structures. Elastases destroy the elastic fibers and cause the emphysema and pulmonary hypertension. Oxidative stress is needed for these pathologic changes. Accordingly, present study was designed to investigate the effect of Yukmigeehwang-hwan extracts (YHE) on elastase activity and anti-oxidative effects of YHE. Methods : The inhibitory effects on elastase and DPPH and NO free radical scavenging activities of YHE were measured. Results : The elastase activity was significantly inhibited by YHE. YHE significantly scavenged DPPH and NO free radicals as well. Conclusion : YHE showed the elastase-inhibiting effects and anti-oxidative activities in vitro. These results suggest that YHE may have potential roles in the treatment of pulmonary emphysema and pulmonary hypertension.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.543-548
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• 1999

배경: 폐용적 감축술은 말기 폐기종환자의 치료에 폐장이식의 대치술 혹은 전단계 시술로 최근 이용되고 있는 술식이다. 또한 심한 폐기종환자에서 종양이 동반되는 경우, 종양절제술과 동반하여 사용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 저자들은 폐종양 절제술을 동시 시행한 2례를 포함하여 7례의 폐용적 감축술후 평균 21개월간의 추적 관찰 결과를 보고한다. 대상 및 방법: 가톨릭대학교 흉부외과에서는 1996년 7월부터 1997년6월까지 수술당시 폐 종양이 의심되었던 환자 2례를 포함하여 만성폐기종환자 7명에서 폐용적 감축술을 시행하였다. 술후 검사는 3개월, 6개월, 1년, 2년에 각각 시행하였으며 현재까지 평균 21개월의 추적관찰을 시행하였다. 결과: 술후 사망은 술후 13개월에 뇌 전이를 동반한 평편상피암이 좌상엽에서 발견된 환자 1례에서 있었다. 나머지 6례의 환자는 평균 21개월의 추적관찰 중으로 현재까지 양호한 경과를 보이고 있다. 결론: 폐용적 감축술은 심한 폐기종환자의 치료에 유용하며 앞으로 적절한 적응증이 확인되고 장기성적이 보고되는 등의 계속적인 연구 결과가 필요한 것으로 생각된다. 또 폐 기능의 여유가 없는 폐기종환자의 초기 폐종양치료에 술후 폐 기능의 개선을 위하여 종양절제술과 동시에 폐용적 감축술을 시행할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제69권3호
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• pp.177-183
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• 2010

Background: Smoking reduces pulmonary function and induces various lung diseases. Recently, the rate of emphysema detection has increased due to lung cancer screening with low-dose chest computed tomography (CT). The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in lung function associated with emphysema in healthy smokers. Methods: One hundred and ninety one healthy smokers, who had undergone a low-dose chest CT (LDCT) scan as part of lung cancer screening and had revisited the health center after a median 23.9 months' time, were recruited into this study. The severity of emphysema was calculated by the direct observation of a radiologist and a pulmonologist indipendently. Longitudinal changes in lung function according to emphysema based on LDCT and type of smoker was analyzed. Results: Of the participants in this study, 25% of healthy smokers had emphysema, which was mild in severity, in older patients (p=0.003) and in heavy smokers (p<0.001). $FEV_1/FVC$ and FEF25-75% were decreased in current smokers with emphysema (p=0.001 and p=0.009, respectively) and without emphysema (p=0.001 and p=0.042). Although lung function was not decreased in ex-smokers without emphysema, $FEV_1/FVC$ and FEF25-75% were decreased in ex-smoker with emphysema (p=0.020 and p=0.010). Conclusion: Upon examination with LDCT, the prevalence of emphysema was higher in healthy smokers was than in non-smokers. Lung function was diminished in smokers with emphysema, in spite of former smoker.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제64권2호
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• pp.138-143
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• 2008

특징적인 피부병변, 근력약화 등 분명한 피부근염의 임상소견을 보이지 않는 환자에서 동반된 NSIP 치료경과 중 자발성 종격동기종, 피하기종 및 대장기종이 발생한 증례를 경험하였고 스테로이드와 cyclosporin을 사용하여 좋은 치료반응을 경험하였다. 간질성폐렴을 동반한 피부근염에서 자발성 종격동기종, 피하기종 또는 대장기종 등이 드물게 보고되었고 이 경우 나쁜 예후를 보이므로 주의할 필요가 있다. 비교적 드물지만 NSIP에서 종격동기종, 대장기종이 발생하는 경우 임상경과 중 피부근염이 동반 또는 이환되었는지 세심한 관찰이 필요하겠다. 또 NSIP에서 기종이 발견되는 경우 스테로이드와 cyclosporin 또는 다른 면역억제제의 병용투여 등 적극적인 치료가 치료반응과 예후에 좋은 영향을 주리라 사료되어 본 증례를 보고하는 바이다.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.84-90
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• 2000

Objective: To determine the effects of respiration on the size of lung cysts by comparing inspiratory and expiratory high-resolution CT (HRCT) scans. Materials and Methods: The authors evaluated the size of cystic lesions, as seen on paired inspiratory and expiratory HRCT scans, in 54 patients with Langerhans cell histiocytosis (n = 3), pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis (n = 4), confluent centrilobular emphysema (n = 9), paraseptal emphysema and bullae (n = 16), cystic bronchiectasis (n = 13), and honeycombing (n = 9). Using paired inspiratory and expiratory HRCT scans obtained at the corresponding anatomic level, a total of 270 cystic lesions were selected simultaneously on the basis of five lesions per lung disease. Changes in lung cyst size observed during respiration were assessed by two radiologists. In a limited number of cases (n = 11), pathologic specimens were obtained by open lung biopsy or lobectomy. Results: All cystic lesions in patients with Langerhans cell histiocytosis, lymphangiomyomatosis, cystic bronchiectasis, honeycombing, and confluent centrilobular emphysema became smaller on expiration, but in two cases of paraseptal emphysema and bullae there was no change. Conclusion: In cases in which expiratory CT scans indicate that cysts have become smaller, cystic lesions may communicate with the airways. To determine whether, for cysts and cystic lesions, this connection does in fact exist, paired inspiratory and expiratory HRCT scans are necessary.

• Experimental and Molecular Medicine
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• 제50권11호
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• pp.9.1-9.10
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• 2018

Although the positive effects of recombinant fibroblast growth factor-2 (rFGF-2) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have been implicated in previous studies, knowledge of its role in COPD remains limited. The mechanism of FGF2 in a COPD mouse model and the therapeutic potential of rFGF-2 were investigated in COPD. The mechanism and protective effects of rFGF-2 were evaluated in cigarette smoke-exposed or elastase-induced COPD animal models. Inflammation was assessed in alveolar cells and lung tissues from mice. FGF-2 was decreased in the lungs of cigarette smoke-exposed mice. Intranasal use of rFGF-2 significantly reduced macrophage-dominant inflammation and alveolar destruction in the lungs. In the elastase-induced emphysema model, rFGF-2 improved regeneration of the lungs. In humans, plasma FGF-2 was decreased significantly in COPD compared with normal subjects (10 subjects, P = 0.037). The safety and efficacy of inhaled rFGF-2 use was examined in COPD patients, along with changes in respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function. A 2-week treatment with inhaled rFGF-2 in COPD (n = 6) resulted in significantly improved respiratory symptoms compared with baseline levels (P < 0.05); however, the results were not significant compared with the placebo. The pulmonary function test results of COPD improved numerically compared with those in the placebo, but the difference was not statistically significant. No serious adverse events occurred during treatment with inhaled rFGF-2. The loss of FGF-2 production is an important mechanism in the development of COPD. Inhaling rFGF-2 may be a new therapeutic option for patients with COPD because rFGF-2 decreases inflammation in lungs exposed to cigarette smoke.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제84권3호
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• pp.188-199
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• 2021

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common chronic respiratory disease with increased prevalence in the elderly. Telomeres are repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosome, which progressively shorten as cells divide. Telomere length is known to be a molecular marker of aging. This study aimed to assess the relationship between telomere length and the risk of COPD, lung function, respiratory symptoms, and emphysema index in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Dusty Areas (CODA) cohort. Methods: We extracted DNA from the peripheral blood samples of 446 participants, including 285 COPD patients and 161 control participants. We measured absolute telomere length using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. All participants underwent spirometry and quantitative computed tomography scan. Questionnaires assessing respiratory symptoms and the COPD Assessment Test was filled by all the participants. Results: The mean age of participants at the baseline visit was 72.5±7.1 years. Males accounted for 72% (321 participants) of the all participants. The mean telomere length was lower in the COPD group compared to the non-COPD group (COPD, 16.81±13.90 kb; non-COPD, 21.97±14.43 kb). In COPD patients, 112 (75.7%) were distributed as tertile 1 (shortest), 91 (61.1%) as tertile 2 and 82 (55%) as tertile 3 (longest). We did not find significant associations between telomere length and lung function, exacerbation, airway wall thickness, and emphysema index after adjusting for sex, age, and smoking status. Conclusion: In this study, the relationship between various COPD phenotypes and telomere length was analyzed, but no significant statistical associations were shown.