• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.21-28
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to get basic user guidelines of safe and efficient bag-valve-mask application on patients having abnormal pathophysiological pulmonary conditions. Methods: This study was performed by pre-qualified 35 EMS junior and senior students. Participants were instructed to compress ambulatory bag randomly about half, one-third, one-fourth within different airway resistance and pulmonary compliance. Resultant tidal volume and pulmonary wedge pressures on RespiTranier monitor were analysed in relation to pulmonary physiologic index. Results: At least over half compression of bag guaranteed minimal tidal volume regardless of pulmonary conditions. There was no increase of pulmonary wedge pressure above the level of barotrauma on half compression at any pulmonary conditions. Conclusion: Assisted ventilation with ambulatory bag on patients with pathological pulmonary conditions should be over half compressed regardless of respiratory disease entity.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.465-469
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• 1984

Preoperative evaluation of pulmonary function with spirometry can identify those at increased risk of morbidity and mortality owing to pulmonary complications following pulmonary resections. To assess the correlation between FVC, FEV1.0/FVC, EFE25-57% and MVV, measured preoperatively, and the incidence of pulmonary complications following pulmonary resections, a hundred patients who had pulmonary resections were selected. Patients were divided into two groups postoperatively. In group A, there was no postoperative pulmonary complication, and in group b, there were one or more complications. We compared the results of the preoperative pulmonary function tests of the two groups. The difference of FVC between the two groups was statically significant [p<0.01] and FEV1.0/ FVC [p<0.O01]. The differences of the FEF25-75% and MVV were not significant.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.33 no.10
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• pp.823-826
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• 2000

Primary intimal sarcoma of the pulmonary artery is a rare disease and there has been no report of any case originating from the pulmonary valve. Recently we experienced a 62 year-old female patient who had a primary intimal sarcoma of the pulmonary valve with distal metastasis. She was brought to medical attention due to exertional dyspnea facial edema productive coughing and general weakness for 1 month. Chest CT and echocardi-ography suggest an acute pulmonary thromboembolism or tumor. Exploration showed a large polypoid mass arising from the pulmonary leaflets and multiple masses on distal pulmonary arteries. We replaced the pulmonary valve and reconstructed the pulmonary artery. She received radiotherapy 1 month postoperatively and now 4 months after surgery she has begun receiving chemotherapy.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.63 no.4
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• pp.368-371
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• 2007

Pulmonary cavities are caused by bacterial pneumonia, fungal diseases, lung cancer, and tuberculosis (TB). However, in Korea, patients with cavitary lung lesions are generally considered to have pulmonary TB, where the incidence of TB is approximately 70/100,000 per year. We report a case of chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis that was obscured by multidrug-resistant pulmonary TB.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.20-26
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• 1976

Author has performed experimental study on hemodynamic changes of lung following radical hilar stripping and contralateral pulmonary artery ligation. In view of hemodynamic changes in group 1 (right pulmonary artery ligation only) and group 2(left hilar stripping+right pulmonary artery ligation). group 2 showed remarkable decrease rate in oxygen uptake (P<0.001) and total pulmonary blood flow(P<0.001), and the more increase rate in mean pulmonary artery pressure(P<0.02) and total pulmonary vascular resistance (P<0.001). Meanwhile, the decrease percent of left lung vascular resistance was lower than group 1(P<0.001). The hemodynamic changes in group 1 returned to control range two weeks later. In the group 2, two dogs were expired as a result of atelectasis and pulmonary hypertension. Among allying 8 dogs, five months after operation, follow up studies performed in two dogs, which showed normal pulmonary hemodynamics similar to preoperative data. The altered blood gas values and decreased oxygen uptake are more remarkable in denervated lung, which may due to pulmonary hypertension and partly retained more secretion in bronchial trees than usual. Important factors of raising pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary artery pressure are considered as the increased blood flow to remaining left lung and dysfunction of pulmonary vascular bed to accept the increased blood flow after denervation. Loss of nerve innervation had a influence, to some extent, to the decrease of oxygen uptake and the increase of pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary artery pressure. There can be little question that denervation does impair the pulmonary hemodynamics, however, intact pulmonary nerve innervation is not absolutely essential for survival of the animal.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.279-284
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• 2017

Pulmonary artery sarcoma (PAS) is a rare and fatal disease that often mimics chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH); therefore, diagnosis of PAS is often delayed. Herein, a healthy 74-year-old man was presented with a 4-month history of dyspnea. Chest computed tomography showed wall thickening and stenosis in the main pulmonary artery as well as in both proximal pulmonary arteries. In order to differentiate between unusual CTEPH, vasculitis, and PAS, we performed right heart catheterization and pulmonary angiography. The mean pulmonary arterial pressure was 21 mmHg, and there was severe pulmonary artery stenosis. Thrombi on the pulmonary arterial wall lesions were observed in intravascular ultrasound and optical coherence tomography. Furthermore, the patient had a history of deep vein thrombosis. Therefore, we diagnosed unusual CTEPH. After 6 months of rivaroxaban anticoagulation therapy, a chest X-ray revealed a left lower lobe lung mass, and a positron emission tomography later showed hypermetabolic lesions in the main pulmonary artery wall, in both pulmonary arteries walls, in the lung parenchyma, and in the bones. A biopsy of the right proximal humerus lesion revealed undifferentiated intimal sarcoma. Pulmonary sarcoma is rare, but should be considered when differentially diagnosing main pulmonary artery wall thickening and stenosis. A positron emission tomography may aid in this diagnosis.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.166-169
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• 1994

Primary malignant tumors originating in the pulmonary artery are extremely rare. Recently, We experienced a case of primary leiomyosarcoma occurred on the main pulmonary artery and extended into the Rt and Lt pulmonary artery. The patient was 44 year-old woman and the chief complaint was severe exertional dyspnea. Emergency pulmonary arteriotomy to relieve the pulmonary artery obstruction was performed on cardiopulmonary bypass. The tumor was 6 x6 x4 cm in size and infiltrated into the main pulomary artery. The tumor in the pulmonary artery was removed without any difficulties. The patient was recovered without any specific problems. The tumor was confirmed to be leiomyosamoma histopathologically.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.187-193
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• 2000

Fifteen adult Korea Jin-do dogs were studied by echocardiography to obtain the basic data of the imaging planes and normal references ranges to the aorta and pulmonary artery internal dimension. Measurements of aortic root internal dimension(AOID) and right pulmonary artery internal dimension (RPAID) were made at modified pulmonary arteries level short-axis view and left ventricular outflow tract long-axis view. The aortic root internal dimension and right pulmonary artery internal dimension at modified pulmonary arteries level short-axis view were 18.7$\pm$1.3mm (mean$\pm$SD) and 10.1$\pm$0.8mm, respectively. And RPAID/AOID was 0.5$\pm$0.1mm. The aortic root internal dimension and right pulmonary artery internal dimension at left ventricular outflow tract long-axis view were 19.3$\pm$1.6 mm and 10.7$\pm$1.3mm, respectively. And RPAID/AOID was 0.5$\pm$0.1mm. These results indicate that modified pulmonary arteries level short-axis view is useful planes to examine the aortic root and pulmonary arteries, and aortic root internal dimension is significantly higher(40~50%)than the right pulmonary artery internal dimension. Therefore measurements of aortic root internal and right pulmonary artery internal dimension can be used for monitoring dilation of pulmonary artery.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.590-593
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• 2002

Absent pulmonary valve syndrome with intact ventricular septum(APVS with IVS) is a rare congenital anomaly. The severe form of this syndrome, characterized by severe respiratory distress presented soon after birth, has been attributed to the compression of the airways caused by aneurysmal dilatation of pulmonary artery. Several operative treatments such as pulmonary valve insertion, or reductive angioplasty of pulmonary artery have been applied. We present a 3-day-old male who showed improvement after PDA ligation, reductive angioplasty of pulmonary artery, pulmonary valve reconstruction, and ASD closure.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.257-267
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• 2001

It is known that a pulmonary rehabilitation program improves dyspnea and exercise tolerence in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, it is also known that although it does not improve pulmonary function. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of a 4 week pulmonary rehabilitation on pulmonary function, gas exchange, and exercise tolerance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The pulmonary rehabilitation programs included breathing exercises, such as pursed-lip breathing and diaphragmatic breathing, upper-limb exercises, and inspiratory muscle training. These activities were performed for 4 weeks in twenty one patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Pre and post-rehabilitation pulmonary function and exercise capacities were compared after the 4 week period. Results are as follows: 1) Before the rehabilitation, the predicted value of FVC and FEV1 of the patients were 70.3$\pm$16.7% and 41.1$\pm$11.9% respectively. These pulmonary functions did not change after pulmonary rehabilitation. 2) Aloility of walking a 6 minute distance (325.29$\pm$122.24 vs 363.03$\pm$120.01 p=.01) and dyspnea (p=.00) were significantly improved after rehabilitation. Thus showing that pulmonary rehabilitation for 4 weeks can improve exercise performance and dyspnea in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.