• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-24
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• 2007

Public library is established on impartial accessibility of any distinction as their sex, age, financial status, etc. The function of public library is not only to accumulate materials and offer information but also minimize gulf between the rich and the poor by knowledge possession, which is realized by important means to intercept exclusive possession and power in knowledge pose-industrial society. As it is judged that most public library is established to individual building with thousands of cost, it is judged of obstacles to Increase library buildings. The purpose of this study is try to find the way to Increase In number of public library In Seoul by interaction local education-cultural facilities. The result from this study, the user rate of public library is influenced by number of buildings and accessibility of traffic and public library can improve efficiency by substantial operation by basic function for all age group. The target population of Seoul public library sizes by decuple of advanced countries because of difficulty of accessibility, so it needs to make it small scale and also can offer self-regulation learning, materials and life-long learning programs because generally public library's utilization purpose is different by age. As school in Seoul amounts to 25 times of public library by about 1,200 buildings and can function of lifelong education center with a school library, cultural center and other composition buildings, so school facilities may use as a public library for local residents.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.11 no.3 s.28
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• pp.19-27
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• 2005

Rural Korea has been becoming heavily aged societies from the end of 20th century due to the massive depopulation of young generation and extension of the average span of human beings. Although rural communities in Korea had been traditionally based on closely webbed social relations, almost all of community self-help organizations disappeared in recent time with very strong urbanization trend. However, almost all rural villages in Korea have the village seniors' union -'NO-IN-HOE' in Korean speaking- of which members usually use, operate and maintain community facilities in terms of voluntary base. Using these facilities, most of public/common/private services and community activities have been being served or provided. So, the purpose of this study is to investigate the usage tendency of community facilities and needs of the rural elderly and to propose the improvement strategies for their optimum usage. For this purpose, data was gathered both from community (107 villages) and individual level surveys(881 older people). The statistical method used for data analysis was descriptive statistics. The major findings were as follows : It was found that the dominant family type of the rural elderly was elderly-only household (75%) with very limited economic capability. There are 2$\sim$3 common community facilities with village including the seniors' center -'KYOUNG-RO-DANG' in Korean speaking. Many of the elderly (74%) use the center once or twice per week. There are several rooms in the center, like as kitchen bathroom and health room, of which usage frequency differs respectively. Many rural elderly want assistance from out-of-village for good maintenance and free use of these facilities.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.53-67
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• 2023

In this study, the problem of the idleness of public buildings in rural areas is seriously emerging, but there are no clear standards for assessing the utilization of these buildings. Therefore, this study endeavors to investigate the actual state of idleness of buildings created by rural area development projects based on the criteria for each type. As part of this study, rural facilities were selected in two locations in Sangju City and Miryang City among the target areas of the Rural Agreement. Utilization evaluation criteria were developed to identify the conditions of underutilization. In order to determine the utilization pattern for each facility type, an in-depth interview with the operator and an inspection of the facility were conducted. Based on the analysis, the degree of utilization (e.g., low use, non-use, etc.) was different for each facility type, and among the four facility types (rural tourism, culture and welfare, exercise and recreation, income-based), rural tourism was rated as the least efficient. It has been found that the operating entity's capacity has a significant influence on the utilization of facilities. Socioeconomic factors, such as a decrease in utilization rates, are greatly influenced by the operating entity's capacity. Therefore, support from local governments as well as the national level is required to recycle idle facilities. Lastly, this study suggests the need for different standards for utilization, depending on the type of facility. This moves beyond checking the degree of idleness by the same standard that was previously implemented.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2000.11b
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• pp.137-142
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• 2000

The objectives of this study were to be properly understood the residential function and its relations to the mixed functions of the mixed-use buildings and further to provide useful information in future basic planning of mixed-use buildings. 1) The satisfaction rates of the public space and the supplementary facilities were high in general, but the satisfactory rate of the convenience facilities was low. 2) The household characteristics were analyzed as variables that differences among satisfaction rates. However, they were not found to be influential factors in determining residential satisfaction. 3) The residential characteristics were analyzed as variables that differences among satisfaction rates. As a result, the floor and direction of the residence were more meaningful variables than the scale of the residence.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.47-56
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• 2012

A long-term nationwide nonpoint-source pollution monitoring program was initiated by the Ministry of Environment Republic of Korea (ME) in 2007. Monitoring devices including rain gauges, flow meters, and automatic samplers were installed in monitoring sites to collect dynamic runoff data in 2008-2009. More than 10 rainfall events with three or more antecedent dry days were monitored per year. More than 10 samples were collected and analyzed per event. So far, five land use types (single family, apartments, education facilities, power plants, and other public facilities) have been monitored 23 to 24 times each. Characterization of the runoff from different land use types will aid unit load estimation in Korea and hopefully in other countries with similar land use. The monitoring results will be reported regularly at national and international levels.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.332-337
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• 2009

The stronghold diffusion style method is resident participation style residential environment improvement plan that first of all, the general public constructs base facilities which the temporary occupancy public housings, commonness use facilities, roads, etc. And then with using the public housing of the stronghold sector, the resident oneself improves the house with independence or commonness. As a result induction of the voluntary participation of economic situation and the resident where the improvement will is reflected and introduction of versatile maintenance method through stronghold development with participation of the general public, this study tries to present the residential improvement method of diffusion style. San-Jun was selected in the subject of investigation area in stronghold diffusion style residential environmental improvement plan area. Investigation contents population register quality and quality of present house, the degree which is a house environmental improvement plan, about residential improvement the fact etc. Because unsatisfactorily in compliance with the deterioration and spatial narrow of the house, The above of half is an improvement intention. Hereafter residential improvement, According to the condition which is economic, residential improvement will change. The plan will be able to augment the economic enemy capability of the resident should grope and the residents oneself creates the environment will be able to improve the house. Also with creating, activating a resident organization, through autonomous decision-making process, the residential improvement could be advanced continuously.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.28-36
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• 2002

The main purpose of this study was to estimate a new regression model to explain the relationship between urban forest and air temperature in summer, 2001. This study consists of two parts: correlation coefficient analysis and regression analysis. According to correlation coefficient analysis, thermal infra-red radiations of the major land use categories found significant difference in each category. However there were no significant relationship between the data (thermal infra-red radiation and NDVI) derived from Landsat-7 ETM+ image and air temperature at Automatic Weather Stations(AWSs). After estimating various regression models for summer air temperature, the final models were chosen. The final regression models consisted of two variables such as forest m and traffic facilities area. The regression models explained over 78% of the variability in air temperatures. The regression models with variables of forest area and traffic facilities area showed that the coefficient of the first variable was even more significant than the second one. However, the negative impact of the traffic facilities area was slightly greater than the positive impact of the forest area. Consequently, the effects of forest area and traffic facilities area were apparent to explain summer air temperature in Seoul. Therefore two policies have the most important implications to mitigate the summer air temperature in Seoul: to expand and to conserve the urban forest; and to change the Oafnc facilities'characteristics. The results from this study are expected to be useful not merely in informing the public that urban forest mitigates summer air temperahne, but in urging the necessity of budgets for trees and managing urban forests. It is recommended that field swey of summer air temperature be Performed for the vadidation of the models. The main purpose of this study was to estimate a new regression model to explain the relationship between urban forest and air temperature in summer, 2001. This study consists of two parts: correlation coefficient analysis and regression analysis. According to correlation coefficient analysis, thermal infra-red radiations of the major land use categories found significant difference in each category. However there were no significant relationship between the data (thermal infra-red radiation and NDVI) derived from Landsat-7 ETM+ image and air temperature at Automatic Weather Stations(AWSs). After estimating various regression models for summer air temperature, the final models were chosen. The final regression models consisted of two variables such as forest m and traffic facilities area. The regression models explained over 78% of the variability in air temperatures. The regression models with variables of forest area and traffic facilities area showed that the coefficient of the first variable was even more significant than the second one. However, the negative impact of the traffic facilities area was slightly greater than the positive impact of the forest area. Consequently, the effects of forest area and traffic facilities area were apparent to explain summer air temperature in Seoul. Therefore two policies have the most important implications to mitigate the summer air temperature in Seoul: to expand and to conserve the urban forest; and to change the traffic facilities'characteristics. The results from this study are expected to be useful not merely in informing the public that urban forest mitigates summer air temperature, but in urging the necessity of budgets for trees and managing urban forests. It is recommended that field survey of summer air temperature be Performed for the vadidation of the models.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.255-264
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• 2013

This paper diagnosed the assessment problems and development types of the simple statement of the Sea Area Utilization Consultation System. and suggested the key assessment items for system improvement. The major types of Public Water occupation and use, and distribution characteristic of regional and coastal were analyzed by evaluate 529 review items during 2010-2012. The artificial structure installation including harbor and fishing port facilities in the South and West coast, and seawater supply and drainage for land-based aquaculture and power plant were dominated. The checklists considering each types of occupation and use in Public Water were suggested. In addition, policy proposals for system improvement were suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.15-20
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• 2020

Due to urbanization and industrialization, the population of rural areas has sharply decreased, and the social phenomena of low fertility and aging have occurred due to many factors such as the spread of individualism and single-person households derived from urbanization and economic growth. In order to cope with the low birth rate and the aged society, the Korean government has invested 152.1 trillion won from 2006 to 2015 and to proceeded total 231 projects in 3 different areas including the low fertility(95 projects), the aged society(78 projects), and the growth momentum(58 projects). Among the social problems caused by the low birth rate and the aged society, there have been not enough studies on the closed schools which will result from the social phenomenon of decreases in the school age population. The purpose of this study is to analyze the current extent of utilizing closed schools in Korea, to derive some types based on the analysis, and to provide basic data on the use of closed schools in Korea in the future. The types of closed schools can be classified into education facilities, social welfare facilities, cultural facilities, public sports facilities, income growing facilities, and others. Based on the classification, the analyses of the characteristics of each type for the facilities are presented.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.25-31
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• 2020

The reasons for studying the case of Japan are as follows. First, the increases in the aged population is similar to the case of Korea, and consumers are aging as the population ages. Second, the structure of industry in Japan is very similar to Korea, which describes the fact that the share of the manufacturing industry decreases but the service industry (e.g., medicine, finance, and insurance) increases. Third, Japan is considered as the best predictive model for forecasting the future of closed schools in Korea because the GNI gross income per capita is relatively close to the one of Korea among the several neighboring countries. The purpose of this study is to analyze the current extent of utilizing closed schools in Japan and, based on the analysis, to provide basic data on the use of closed schools in Korea in the future. The types of closed schools can be classified into education facilities, social welfare facilities, cultural facilities, public sports facilities, income growing facilities, and others. Based on the classification, the analyses of the characteristics of each type for the facilities are presented. and When the utilization status of closed schools in Japan is analyzed, 363 schools were utilized (51.4%) in 2003, means the lowest utilization rate of the target year, after that 4198 schools (70.6%) were utilized in 2015. The utilization ratio is steady increased.