• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.1-31
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• 2015

Various concepts and practices of public deliberation have been exercised over the last three decades in western countries for science and technology (ST) governance. There has been a general social consensus for the need of such new governance notwithstanding, ends and means to achieve it varied. Among various rationales, while normative and substantive perspectives are explicitly claimed in public as reasons for public engagement in ST policy making, instrumental perspectives tend to be implicitly arranged by interested parties and still affecting policy significantly. This paper therefore, examines the implications of such instrumental perspectives in public engaged ST governance. To do so, this paper analyses the discourses and practices of public deliberation for ST governance in the UK from the late 1990's until the mid 2000's. It examines the proposals made by various policy institutions and two real public deliberations- the GM Dialogue for commercialization of genetically modified crops and the Committee on Radioactive Waste Management(CoRWM)'s programme. This study finds that policy institutions tried to employ public deliberation as strategic instrument for their policy interest, which contrasted with their outwardly claimed rationales of democratic policy making and better quality in decision for ST governance.

• Journal of Public Diplomacy
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.69-96
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• 2022

How does a public health crisis play into the digital rhetoric of states? As Covid-19 is presenting a situation in which countries need to manage the international environment in a relatively short period, their practices could signal how digitization is going to influence public diplomacy in the longer run. This paper explores state public diplomacy in the context of a public health crisis. It develops a theoretical framework of public diplomacy on social media through how and what states communicated during the first year of the Covid-19 pandemic. Through keyword and hashtag analyses, we identify two patterns. First, states usually regard social media as an instrument for domestic communication rather than public diplomacy. The international impact of messaging has not been prioritized or well-recognized. Social media platforms such as Twitter have global outreach and messaging can be seen by audiences all over the world. Messages intended for the domestic audience could have an international impact. Thus, any communication on digital platforms should consider their public diplomacy outcomes. Second, while social media platforms are claimed to be for networking at different levels, states tend to connect with other states rather than with international organizations during the pandemic. States do not like to mention international organizations like the WHO and the UN on Twitter. Instead, they were either busy dealing with internal problems or cooperating with another state to combat the virus.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.337-361
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• 2010

In the case of Korea, both of modern medicine and oriental medicine are admitted as medical practices in the system. In other words, healthcare system is dualized. However, medical practice that corresponds to oriental medicine in Korea is substitution of medical practice in cases of foreign countries. For use of medical devices, it is provided only for doctors and medical technician relevant to use. Particularly, although oriental medicine is recognized as orthodox medicine in terms of the features of Korean medical system, superintendency of oriental doctors is not identical with that of doctors for use of medical devices and superintendency toward medical technicians. Recently, Cheongju District Court decided that superintendency of oriental doctor upon physical therapist is not acknowledged. It can be said that the judgement is opposed to the original verdict which judged that oriental doctors' employment and guidance of oriental doctors upon physical therapist is permissible. Hence this study aimed to review on domestic medical law system, which is dualized, roles of medical professionals, intent of the medical license system, provisions related to medical technician law and relevant precedents. Regulations on practices other than licensed practices by medical professionals are made because medical practices may affect on danger toward life and body of human and public health also. Therefore, the nation regulates medical professionals having licenses to perform medical practices within the range of the licenses. It is clearly prescribed that medical technicians may perform medical practices under instructions of doctors or dentists pursuant to the medical technician law. In addition, the court also judges that it is out of the license of oriental doctors if they use CT devices and limits the use of modern medical devices by oriental doctors. That is to say that it limits oriental doctors' employment of medical technicians and pursuant of oriental doctors on medical technicians as well.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.14
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• pp.5869-5873
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• 2015

Background: Breast and cervical cancers are among the most frequent and most fatal cancers in women. Life span of patients may be increased and quality of life improved through early diagnosis and treatment. This investigation was performed in order to determine knowledge and practices of female health personnel working at a university hospital regarding breast and cervical cancers. Materials and Methods: This descriptive investigation was performed in Erciyes University Hospitals in 2014. A total of 524 female health personnel were included in the study. Data were collected through a questionnaire of 36 questions prepared by the researchers. The Chi square test and logistic regression were used for statistical analyses. Results: The mean age of the study group was $32.8{\pm}6.9$ years, 18.3% being doctors and 81.7% nurses. Of the study group, 60.5% stated that they performed self breast-examination, 4.4% underwent HPV testing, 26.3% thought about taking an HPV test, 34.7% of those who are 40 years and over had mammography regularly and 19.5% of those who were married had a Pap smear conducted regularly. Most important causes of not performing the methods for early diagnosis of breast and cervical cancers are "forget and neglect". Conclusions: It was concluded that female doctors and nurses do not pay sufficient attention to screening programs for breast and cervical cancers. The importance of early diagnosis and treatment should be emphasized during the undergraduate education and in-service training programs. Health condition of personnel and their utilization of preventive health care should be followed by occupational physicians.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.57-73
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• 2009

The rapid development of IT and the large-scale investment of IT motivate the public agencies to find the ways of effective IT management. Even though the public agencies adopt Enterprise Architecture (EA) as the new alternative for effective IT management, EA practices are still insufficient in the area of utilization and management after the adoption. Therefore, this research aims to identify the influencing factors for improving EA maturity level in terms of the long-term business activities such as establishment, management and utilization. Also, this research empirically identifies the influencing factors on the adoption and operation of EA in the public agencies, and clarifies how such factors impact on EA maturity level.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.372-377
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• 2020

Infection risks of handling specimens associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by public health laboratory services teams were assessed to scrutinize the potential hazards arising from the work procedures. Through risk assessments of all work sequences, laboratory equipment, and workplace environments, no aerosol-generating procedures could be identified except the procedures (mixing and transfer steps) inside biological safety cabinets. Appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as surgical masks, protective gowns, face shields/safety goggles, and disposable gloves, together with pertinent safety training, was provided for laboratory work. Proper disinfection and good hand hygiene practices could minimize the probability of SARS-CoV-2 infection at work. All residual risk levels of the potential hazards identified were within the acceptable level. Contamination by gloved hands was considered as a major exposure route for SARS-CoV-2 when compared with eye protection equipment. Competence in proper donning and doffing of PPE accompanied by hand washing techniques was of utmost importance for infection control.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.354-364
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• 2021

Purpose: Kangaroo mother care (KMC) was introduced in Indonesia 30 years ago, but the extent of its use has not been fully documented. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the use of KMC and evaluate the characteristics of infants who received KMC at Koja District Hospital in North Jakarta, Indonesia. This retrospective cohort study recorded the characteristics of infants with birthweights less than or equal to 2,200 g at the above-mentioned hospital. Methods: Data collected from infant registers included gestational age, birthweight, Apgar score, number of complications, history of neonatal intensive care unit treatment, and KMC status. Cox regression analysis was conducted. Results: This study found that 57.7% of infants received KMC. Infants with birthweights over 1,500 g were 2.16 times (95% CI: 1.20-3.89) more likely to receive KMC. Conclusion: Efforts to promote KMC are recommended, specifically for infants with birthweights greater than 1,500 g. KMC for infants with other conditions can also be considered based on the infants' stability.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2016.07a
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• pp.265-267
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• 2016

건설사업의 원가절감은 사용자 요구에 부합되는 기능과 품질을 확보하면서 가장 경제적인 방법으로 시설물을 구축하는 것으로 건설환경 변화에 따른 경쟁력 향상을 위해서는 체계적인 원가관리를 통한 원가절감이 필요하다. 국토교통부 소속 산하기관에서는 공공건설사업의 수행에 따라 설계의 경제성 등 검토, 공정관리 및 사업관리 등을 통해 공사비 절감에 대한 많은 노력을 기울이고 있다. 현재 설계단계에서 설계VE 결과정보는 공공발주기관 간에 상호 공유하고 있으나, 시공단계에서의 원가절감사례 정보에 대한 공유는 아직까지 부족한 실정이다. 공공건설사업의 수행시 유사 건설사업에 대한 원가절감사례 정보를 참조 활용할 수 있도록 단계별 정보시스템 구축 및 원가절감 사례 정보서비스 방안을 제시하였다. 향후 공공건설사업의 기획, 설계, 시공, 유지관리 등 생애주기별 원가절감사례 정보의 분석 및 서비스를 통해 보다 합리적인 의사결정과 공공건설사업의 투자 효율성을 제고할 수 있으리라 기대된다.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.47-59
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• 2014

Client organization inadequate project planning before awarding the contract and insufficient monitoring and control system among the parties involved create severe problems. Ultimately, large-scale projects go beyond the expected cost and time control limits. This paper discusses the major issues involved with a large-scale Hydropower Project in Pakistan Public Sector environment. The latest approved Baseline Plan of project was reviewed and analyzed using Variance Analysis and Trend Analysis techniques in Primavera project management software to assess the efforts made of the parties involved. It was found that Project is 202% Cost overrun and 25% time delays from original contract award. After analysis of baseline plan and quantification of various variance issues in impacted activities, the questionnaire survey was conducted to identify the impact of causative factors. There were almost 17 most significant causative factors identified among 60 identified factors and responsibilities are assigned accordingly. At the end recommendations are made for strategic decisions as lessons learned during project evaluation.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.651-664
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to first examine the relationship between appearance-enhancing beauty practices and feminism, and secondly, to analyze public images of contemporary women using this paradigm. Through the lens of this relationship, we present a literature review and empirical research focusing on the evolution of public image trends among girl groups, with special attention to the Refund Sisters, a South Korean supergroup currently drawing mainstream attention as female icons. The scope of analysis includes girl groups dating from the 1990's to the year 2020 and photos of the Refund Sisters. Our results indicate that firstly, free sexual expression is evident based on active use of sexuality; images contain bold demonstrations of females desire, expressions previously considered taboo. Secondly, we note deviations from more standardized female images, unique adornment of outward appearance, and rejection of normative female images through freer forms of self-presentation. Lastly, there is greater cultural and racial diversity, rejection of modern race and gender binaries, and increased representation of queer identities. However, the relationship between appearance-enhancing beauty practices and feminism is sometimes considered paradoxical, with some arguing that beautifying one's outward appearance is a compulsory strategy and that it should be rejected in order to resist aesthetic pressure.