• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.61-67
• /
• 2009

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the performance and electrophysiological characteristics of drug-naive children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) during the Go/NoGo task. Methods: Twenty-three boys with ADHD and 18 age-matched normal boys were recruited at a child psychiatric outpatient clinic in Seoul. All subjects were assessed by the Kiddie Schedules for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia Present and Lifetime version. The investigator also assessed all subjects using the ADHD Rating Scale-IV(ADHDRS). Event-related potentials were recorded from 8 scalp electrodes during the visual Go/NoGo task. Results: Children with ADHD showed a larger mean of standard deviation of response time during the Go/NoGo task than normal children. The temporal N200 and P300 amplitudes were larger in children with ADHD relative to controls. The parietal N200 and P300 latencies were more prolonged in children with ADHD compared to normal controls. Conclusion: These results suggest that psychotropic-naive children with ADHD may have more variable performance ability, more difficulty in discriminating visual stimuli, and slower information processing speed than their normal age-matched counterparts.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
• /
• 제31권6호
• /
• pp.541-553
• /
• 2016

Medicinal porridge (藥粥) is made by putting rice or grains into a pot and boiling with water until a semi-liquid texture is obtained. Porridge is digested fast and absorbed by the body. Children or elderly people with weak digestive ability can eat it without difficulty. The authors of this literature focused on utilization of mung bean porridge (Nokdu-juk) based on SeungjeongwonIlgi (承政院日記), which is the daily record of the Royal Secretariat of the Joseon Dynasty from 1623 to 1910. Four cases were found. The first case used mungbean for treating fever diseases (熱症), the second as a meal alternative, the third for wound recovery, and the last case described the culture of the joseon dynasty. According to the actual cases in SeungjeongwonIlgi (承政院日記), mung bean porridge (Nokdu-juk) was actively used to lower fever and strengthen the spleen and stomach. When suffering from the after effects of a malignant tumor or serious liver disease (肝病), an infectious disease, or a serious physical wound, people ate mung bean porridge (Nokdu-juk). It is suggested that mung bean porridge (Nokdu-juk) can be used as an alternative food treatment for the current medical field due to the prevalence of pain-killers and psychotropic drug abuse.

• 한국융합학회논문지
• /
• 제12권10호
• /
• pp.353-363
• /
• 2021

본 연구는 입원환자 섬망의 아형별 위험요인, 증상 및 중재를 조사하기 위해 시행되었다. 상급종합병원에 입원한 뒤 섬망을 진단받은 환자 108명의 전자의무기록을 SPSS WIN 26.0 프로그램을 이용해 분석하였다. 분석결과, 대상자는 고령, 남성, 정형외과, 골절이나 절단 환자의 비율이 높았다. 섬망의 아형은 과활동형 51.9%, 저활동형 6.5%, 혼재형 41.7%이었다. 위험요인 중 우울과 향정신성 약물 복용은 저활동형 섬망군에게 더 많이 선행되었다. 섬망의 중재 중 행동문제 관리와 공격적 행동 중재는 과활동형, 혼재형 섬망군에게 주로 시행되었고 정서적 지지는 저활동형, 혼재형 섬망군에게 주로 시행되었다. 공격적 행동을 동반할 경우 즉각적으로 중재를 제공받을 가능성이 높았다. 따라서, 추후 입원환자의 섬망을 조기발견하고 중재할 수 있도록 중재전략과 프로토콜을 개발하기 위한 연구가 요구된다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
• /
• 제42권5호
• /
• pp.1131-1141
• /
• 2021

Objective: This study examined the case of a 63-year-old man with a history of hypertension and gout who had developed an intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) of the right basal ganglia of the corona radiata. Methods: The patient was treated with herbal medicine (Boyanghwanoh-tang and powdered Oryeong-san extract), Western medicine (Anticonvulsants, antihypertensive drugs, psychotropic agents, and others), acupuncture, moxibustion, cupping, and rehabilitative therapy. Their effects were evaluated using the Manual Muscle Test (MMT), Korean version of the modified Barthel Index (K-MBI), National Institute of Health's Stroke Scale (NIHSS), and Modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Results: After treatment, the MMT grade improved from 3/3+ to 4+/4+. Additionally, the K-MBI score improved from 62 to 77. Conclusion: The results suggest that combined traditional Korean and Western medicine can effectively treat patients with ICH.

• 한국융합학회논문지
• /
• 제9권12호
• /
• pp.207-216
• /
• 2018

한국은 지적장애인에 대한 항정신약의 사용 실태를 국가적으로 조사한 연구가 없어 항정신약 사용의 문제점이나 개선사항을 파악하기 어렵다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 지적장애인에게 처방되는 항정신약의 사용 실태를 국가적으로 조사한 일본의 동향을 분석하여 한국에서의 조사를 위한 기초 자료를 제공하고자 한다. 연구 방법은 일본의 J-STAGE, 메디칼온라인, 코호트 연구에서 정신박약, 정신지체, 지적장애, Psychotropic, Antipsychotic, 행동장애로 검색하여 유효한 논문들을 비교 분석하였다. 연구 결과는 첫째, 지적장애인에게 처방되는 다양한 항정신약물의 치료 효과에 대한 정확한 평가가 곤란하며, 둘째, 부작용을 쉽게 알아내지 못하는 동향이 높으며 셋째, 약물 간의 상호작용에 의한 부작용의 가능성에 대한 문제가 제기되고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이 결과는 향후 한국의 지적장애인에게 보다 안전한 항정신약의 사용을 보장하기 위한 연구와 조사는 물론 개선 방법을 모색하는데 기초 자료가 될 것이다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
• /
• 제43권3호
• /
• pp.436-443
• /
• 2022

Objectives: This study examined the case of a 69-year-old man with a history of stroke and Alzheimer's disease who had been diagnosed with probable-rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (probable-RBD). Methods: The patient was treated with herbal medicine (Ukgan-san, Ukgansangayonggolmoryeo-tang, and powdered Gamisoyo-san extract), Western medicine (clonazepam, antiplatelet, psychotropic agents, antihypertensive drugs, and others), and acupuncture. Their effects were evaluated by the frequency and severity of sleep-related behavioral symptoms. Results: After treatment, the observed frequency and severity of sleep-related behavior decreased. Conclusion: The results suggest that using traditional Korean medicine with clonazepam can be effective in the treatment of patients with probable-RBD.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제31권1호
• /
• pp.108-115
• /
• 2023

Numerous psychotropic and addictive substances possess structural features similar to those of β-phenethylamine (β-PEA). In this study, we selected 29 β-PEA derivatives and determined their structure-activity relationship (SAR) to their ability to inhibit dopamine (DA) reuptake; conducted docking simulation for two selected compounds; and identified their potential functionals. The compounds were subdivided into arylethylamines, 2-(alkyl amino)-1-arylalkan-1-one derivatives and alkyl 2-phenyl-2-(piperidin-2-yl)acetate derivatives. An aromatic group, alkyl group, and alkylamine derivative were attached to the arylethylamine and 2-(alkyl amino)-1-arylalkan-1-one derivatives. The inhibitory effect of the compounds on dopamine reuptake increased in the order of the compounds substituted with phenyl, thiophenyl, and substituted phenyl groups in the aromatic position; compounds with longer alkyl groups and smaller ring-sized compounds at the alkylamine position showed stronger inhibitory activities. Docking simulation conducted for two compounds, 9 and 28, showed that the (S)-form of compound 9 was more stable than the (R)-form, with a good fit into the binding site covered by helices 1, 3, and 6 of human dopamine transporter (hDAT). In contrast, the (R, S)-configuration of compound 28 was more stable than that of other isomers and was firmly placed in the binding pocket of DAT bound to DA. DA-induced endocytosis of dopamine D₂ receptors was inhibited when they were co-expressed with DAT, which lowered extracellular DA levels, and uninhibited when they were pretreated with compound 9 or 28. In summary, this study revealed critical structural features responsible for the inhibition of DA reuptake and the functional role of DA reuptake inhibitors in regulating D₂ receptor function.

• 운동영양학회지
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.13-21
• /
• 2019

[Purpose] Chronic stress is a precipitating factor for depression, whereas exercise is beneficial for both the mood and cognitive process. The current study demonstrates the anti-depressive effects of regular exercise and the mechanisms linked to hippocampal neurogenesis. [Methods] Mice were subjected to 14 consecutive days of restraint, followed by 3 weeks of treadmill running, and were then subjected to behavioral tests that included the forced swimming and Y-maze tests. Protein levels were assessed using western blot analysis and newborn cells were detected using 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU). [Results] Three weeks of treadmill running ameliorated the behavioral depression caused by 14 days of continuous restraint stress. The exercise regimen enhanced BrdU-labeled cells and class III β-tubulin levels in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, as well as those of thioredoxin-1 (TRX-1) and synaptosomal β2-adrenergic receptors (β2-AR) under stress. In vitro experiments involving treatment with recombinant human TRX-1 (rhTRX-1) augmented the levels of phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), nuclear β-catenin, and proliferating cell nuclear antigens, which were previously inhibited by U0216 and FH535 (inhibitors of ERK1/2 and β-catenin/T cell factor-mediated transcription, respectively). The hippocampal neurogenesis elicited by a 7-day exercise regimen was abolished by a selective inhibitor of β2-AR, butoxamine. [Conclusion] These results suggest that TRX-1-mediated hippocampal neurogenesis by β2-AR function is a potential mechanism underlying the psychotropic effect of exercise.

• 한국임상약학회지
• /
• 제34권2호
• /
• pp.108-117
• /
• 2024

Background: This study aimed to explore the current activities of pharmacists in local pharmacies for preventing narcotics addiction, identify areas for improvement, and support initiatives to enhance and expand the activities of "narcotics addiction prevention counseling pharmacies" (hereinafter referred to as "Majung Pharmacies"). Methods: Surveys were conducted targeting local community pharmacists participating in the Majung Pharmacy activities in Daegu. Results: Out of 42 pharmacists who registered in the Majung Pharmacy movement in 2021, 41 responded (response rate of 98%). After excluding three participants who met the exclusion criteria, data from 38 participants were analyzed. The participating pharmacists were generally well aware of the conditions for pharmacists to serve as "accessible experts" in the forefront of drug addiction prevention. It was observed that the activities of Majung Pharmacies, particularly among highly engaged pharmacists, led to positive effects such as an increased focus on medication counseling for psychotropic drugs, thereby enhancing their professionalism. However, a significant number of participants also expressed negative opinions. Factors such as enthusiasm for professional activities and perceptions of the pharmacist's social role were important in shaping perceptions of Majung Pharmacy activities, whether positively or negatively. Additionally, this study underlined that pharmacists in practice are highly aware of the seriousness of issues arising from the use of narcotics by prescriptions. Conclusion: Suggestions were outlined for both short-term and long-term strategies aimed at ensuring the stable growth and expansion of Majung Pharmacy initiatives.

• 정신신체의학
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.75-84
• /
• 2005

연구목적 : 종합병원 정신과 자문 실태와 변화양상(1997년과 2002년)을 조사하여 정신과 자문의 추이와 문제점에 대해 파악하고 대책과 발전 방향을 수립하고자 본 연구를 실시하였다. 방법: 1997년과 2002년에 입원하여 정신과로 자문 의뢰된 환자 347명, 317명에 대해서 자문결과지와 병록기록지를 참고하여 정신과 자문 현황을 조사, 비교, 분석하였다. 결과: 1) 자문 환자의 평균 연령이 45.9세(1997)에서 53.2세(2002)로 증가하였다. 40세 이하 집단이 감소한 반면 60세 이상의 환자군이 증가하였고, 특히 60세 이상 여성이 전체 여성환자 중 22.6%에서 48.5%로 두드러지게 증가하였다. 2) 전체 자문 의뢰율은 1997년 2.2%, 2002년 2.29%였다. 자문의뢰 건수는 내과가 각각 57.1%, 44.2%로 가장 많았고, 각 과별 자문율은 재활의학과가 두 해 모두 가장 높았다. 3) 정신과적 진단은 1997년에는 물질관련 장애가 17.3%로 가장 많았으나, 2002년에는 기분장애가 21.1%로 가장 많았다. 4) 자문의의 권고 사항은 약물사용 및 용량 조정에 관한 권유가 1997년 및 2002년 각 59.7%와 68.0%로 가장 높은 빈도를 보였다. 자문의가 제안한 약물의 종류는 1997년과 2002년 모두 항불안제가 가장 많았다. 2002년에는 Serotonin-specific reuptake inhibitors와 비전형적 항정신병 약물의 처방은 유의하게 증가되었고, 전형적 항정신병 약물의 사용은 유의하게 감소하였다. 결론: 1997년에 비해 2002년도의 자문현황은 자문환자의 연령이 증가하였고, 진단별로는 기분장애와 인지장애의 비율이 상대적으로 증가하였다. 약물권유는 잘 받아들여졌으나, 진단적 검사에 대한 관심은 떨어지는 편이었다.