• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.49-58
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was done to identify the relationship of expressions of hostility, trait anger, and anger in patients with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). Method: Ninety patients between 30 and 80 who were admitted to A hospital participated in the study. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey using convenience sampling. The research tool consisted of 24 questions by Costa et al (1986) and 10 questions specifically on anger from the Korean version (Chon, Hahn, & Lee, 1998) of the State-Trait Anger Inventory by Spielberger (1988). All of the questions were answered using a 4-point Likert scale. The data were analyzed with SPSS Win version 10.0. Result: Mean scores for hostility, trait anger, anger-out, anger-in, and anger-control were 2.51, 2.19, 1.93, 1.85, and 2.56, respectively. Hostility and trait anger showed a significantly positive correlation to anger-out and anger-in. Conclusion: This study presented baseline data that indicate that psychosocial factors are associated with the occurrence and progression of CAD. Accordingly, various programs that include psychological interventions are required to diminish the level of hostility and anger. Also, further studies should be conducted with larger patient populations.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.313-320
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• 2011

Objectives: To analyze the association between changes in perceived physical and psychosocial working conditions and change of sickness absence days in younger and older (< 50 and ${\geq}50$ years) food industry employees. Methods: This was a follow up study of 679 employees, who completed working conditions survey questionnaires in 2005 and 2009 and for whom the requisite sickness absence data were available for the years 2004 and 2008. Results: Sickness absence increased and working conditions improved during follow-up. However, the change of increased sickness absence days were associated with the change of increased poor working postures and the change of deteriorated team spirit and reactivity (especially among < 50 years). No other changes in working conditions were associated with the changes in sickness absence. Conclusion: Sickness absence is affected by many factors other than working conditions. Nevertheless, according to this study improving team spirit and reactivity and preventing poor working postures are important in decreasing sickness absence.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.64 no.1
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• pp.12-20
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• 2021

The mean age at menarche (AAM) of Korean females has been rapidly decreasing over the last 50 years; currently, the prevalence of early menarche (<12 years) is 22.3%. Female adolescents who experience early menarche are known to be at greater risk of psychosocial and behavioral problems along with several physical health problems such as menstrual problems. They also tend to achieve a shorter final height and develop obesity. Population-based Korean studies have shown a strong association between early menarche and the risk of obesity, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, diabetes, breast cancer, and cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Although the exact mechanism of how early menarche causes cardiometabolic derangement in later adulthood is unknown, childhood obesity and insulin resistance might be major contributors. Recent studies demonstrated that an excessive consumption of fructose might underlie the development of obesity and insulin resistance along with an earlier AAM. A positive association was observed between sugar-sweetened beverages (a major source of fructose) intake and obesity, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and cardiometabolic risk in Korean females. In pediatrics, establishing risk factors is important in preventing disease in later life. In this regard, early menarche is a simple and good marker for the management of cardiometabolic diseases in adulthood. Decreasing one's fructose intake might prevent early menarche as well as the development of obesity, insulin resistance, and cardiometabolic diseases.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.278-288
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• 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of stabilization exercise on whole-body vibration on pain, dysfunction, psychosocial factors, balance ability, and abdominal contraction with patients with low back pain. Design: A randomized controlled trial Methods: A total of 34 patients with low back pain were assigned randomly to experimental group (n=17) and control group (n=17). Both groups underwent a neuromuscular stabilization exercise program. In addition, the experimental group implemented the neuromuscular stabilization exercise program using whole-body vibration. All interventions were applied 60 min per session, 3 times per week for total 4 weeks. Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), Korean version of Oswestry Disability Index (K-ODI), Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ), balance ability, muscle thickness and contraction ratio were compared to evaluate the effect on intervention. Results: Both groups showed significant differences in NRS, balance ability, and muscle thickness in contraction, contraction ratio before and after intervention (p<0.05). In addition, the experimental group showed significant difference in the amount of change in NRS, balance ability and muscle thickness in contraction, contraction ratio values than the control group (p<0.05). Conclusions: Neuromuscular stabilization exercise program combined with whole-body vibration stimulation has been proven to be an effective and clinically useful method to decrease pain, dysfunction, increase balance ablilty, and transverse abdominis muscle thickness in contraction and contraction ratio for patients with low back pain.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.63 no.12
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• pp.477-482
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• 2020

The childhood obesity pandemic has emerged as an important public health problem in many countries. Obese children are likely to become obese adults, and adult obesity is associated with an increased risk of morbidity. Therefore, controlling the childhood obesity epidemic has become a top public health priority worldwide. The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may significantly impede this important mission and constitute an unprecedented tragedy in the global battle against childhood obesity. This manuscript presents evidence that the COVID-19 pandemic will aggravate the childhood obesity epidemic and lead to significant weight gain in school children by creating an unprecedented obesogenic environment. Within the last few months, many countries took uncompromising measures in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, including school closures and quarantine. While these steps are often necessary to ensure infection control, they may have a significant negative effect on children's mental and physical health. Physical, nutritional, and psychosocial factors that promote obesity in children during this special situation complementarily contribute to an unprecedented obesogenic environment. Large-scale quarantine and home confinement will impose new and unfamiliar stressors on children, thereby worsening the childhood obesity epidemic. Most importantly, adverse childhood events resulting from a predicted increase in domestic violence within the next few months will significantly contribute to this concern. The scenario presented in this review is of paramount public health importance and must be considered during future pandemic planning. Involved stakeholders, including governments, schools, and families, must make all possible efforts to minimize the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on childhood obesity.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.307-314
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• 2019

This study investigated children's friendship factors such as number of friends, friendship quality, and friends' characteristics as a function of children's sociometric status. The concordance between children's and their friends'perceptions of friendship quality was examined. Subjects were fifth grade students recruited from two public schools. The peer nomination index assessed peer rejection and acceptance. Positive and negative nominations as well as social preference identified children into rejected and popular groups. Children who nominated each other on their list of friends were considered mutual friends. Children reported the quality of their friendships using the friendship quality scale. The results showed that rejected children had fewer mutual friends compared to popular children. Rejected children as well as their friends perceived their friendships less positively. Moreover, rejected children's perception showed lower correlations with their friends'perceptions than popular children's perceptions. Furthermore, rejected children were similar with friends in respect to peer rejection level. It was concluded that rejected children's problems in their peer group and dyadic friendships may mutually influence each other. The findings from this study highlight the need for future research on friendship quality and psychosocial adjustment for rejected children.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.189-197
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a lower trapezius strengthening exercise program on an unstable support surface on pain, neck dysfunction, psychosocial factors, and postural alignment in neck pain patients with forward head posture. Design: A randomized controlled trial Methods: A total of 36 neck pain patients participated in this study. Screening tests were performed and assigned to experimental group (n=18) and control group (n=18) using randomization program. Both groups performed the lower trapezius strengthening exercise program. In addition, in the experimental group, an exercise program for lower trapezius muscle strengthening was performed on an unstable support surface. All interventions were performed 3 times a week, for a total of 5 weeks. quadruple visual analogue scale (QVAS), neck disability index (NDI), short form (SF)-12, and postural alignment were measured before and after the intervention to compare their effectiveness. Results: Both groups showed significant differences in QVAS, NDI, SF-12, and postural alignment before and after intervention (p<0.05). In addition, the experimental group showed significant differences in NDI and postural alignment compared to the control group (p<0.05). Conclusions: The lower trapezius strengthening exercise program on unstable support surfaces is an effective intervention method with clinical significance in improving neck disability and postural alignment in patients with neck pain with forward head posture.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.86-94
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• 2022

Purpose: Patients experiencing chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) apply various palliative care as well as drugs in their daily life to alleviate symptoms. There is a need to identify the influence of these efforts and patients' psychosocial status on the relief of CIPN symptoms. This short-term prospective study investigated how prescription drugs, non-pharmacological behaviors (exercise, massage, and heat therapy), and psychological states (social support, depression, and anxiety) affected CIPN symptoms. Methods: Participants scheduled to receive postoperative platinum or taxane-based chemotherapy were enrolled consecutively. CIPN was measured with the Neurotoxicity-12 subscale of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy/Gynecologic Oncology Group-Neurotoxicity-12 instrument. Data were collected three times during the 4 or 5 cycles of chemotherapy. Results: At the end of the 2nd chemotherapy cycle, 93.1% of participants reported CIPN symptoms. Multiple regression analyses showed that a heat therapy (β= -.34, p< .001), massage (β= -.21, p= .012), and walking 5 times or more per week (β= -.26, p= .021) provided relieve for CIPN symptoms. Depression (β= .19, p= .027) significantly exacerbated CIPN symptoms. Conclusion: These results suggested that a comprehensive management program that includes walking, heat therapy, massage, and mood therapy should be encouraged. Moreover, patients should be educated at chemotherapy initiation to understand appropriate interventions that can relieve CIPN symptoms.

• Journal of Sport and Applied Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.19-25
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• 2022

Purpose: This study attempts to investigate causal and intervening conditions for sport participation of Korean immigrants in the United States. Research design, data, and methodology: Grounded theory approach was used to develop a conceptual framework that presents the psychosocial processes that occur in immigrants' experience of sport participation. Participants were selected purposefully for information-rich cases. Korean immigrants with current experience of having periodically participated in sports were the criterion for sample selection. Based on selection criteria, 9 Korean immigrants took part in interview. The interview discussions were taped and transcribed verbatim into a Word file. The process for data analysis included four grounded theory approaches of purposive and theoretical sampling, an open and axial coding, memo writing, and finally the development of the conceptual framework. Results: Six concepts were revealed in the causal conditions that facilitate the process of immigrants' sport participation in the states: Personal experience, significant others, personality, physical environment, psychological well-being, and social connection. Three concepts were revealed as the intervening conditions that block the process of immigrants' sport participation in the states: Conflict with cultural change of organization, Pressure at workplace, and Economic constraints. Conclusions: Conceptual model presents causal and intervening factors. Further implications were discussed.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.188-195
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• 2022

Purpose: With the first generation of marriage-based immigrant women in East Asia now reaching their middle or old age, the need to focus investigations on their health-related quality of life has arisen. This study aimed to examine the extent to which physical and mental health, and psychosocial variables can predict health-related quality of life among Japanese middle-aged immigrant women. Methods: This study has a descriptive cross-sectional design. A convenience sample of 197 Japanese middle-aged marriage-based immigrant women from two regions of South Korea were recruited between December 2017 and March 2018. Participants completed self-administered questionnaires on health-related quality of life, menopausal symptoms, depression, perceived health status, disease morbidity, social support, and acculturation. The data were analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression. Results: Depression was the strongest predictor of health-related quality of life, followed by perceived health status, social support, and household income. Menopausal symptoms, presence of disease, and acculturation appeared to have no additional impact on participant's health-related quality of life. Conclusion: In times of rapid growth of global migration and the aging of immigrants in new destination countries, nursing interventions and public health policies for aging marriage-based immigrant women should be prioritized to improve their mental health by facilitating social support and disease management. In addition, social and employment policies that can help immigrant women transition to a healthy midlife are needed.