• 수면정신생리
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.20-28
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• 1994

The field of applied biofeedback as one of psychophysiological self regulation techniques began in the united states in 1950s. Biofeedback may be described as information about the effects of a response that is given to the person making that response in order to improve ways of controlling that response. This article reviewed various definitions of biofeedback, learning models, mediating processes, instrumentations to be considered during biofeedback practice, treatment procedures and clinical applications.

• 한국감성과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국감성과학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.107-113
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• 2002

We examined the psychophysiological effects of navigation in a virtual reality (VR). Subjects were exposed to the VR, and required to detect specific objects. Ten electrophysiological signals were recorded before, during, and after navigation in the VR. Six questionnaires on the VR experience were acquired from 45 healthy subjects. There were significant changes between the VR period and the pre-VR control period in several psychophysiological measurements. During the VR period, eye blink, skin conductance level, and alpha frequency of EEG were decreased but gamma wave were increased. Physiological changes associated with cybersickness included increased heart rate, eye blink, skin conductance response, and gamma wave and decreased photoplethysmogram and skin temperature. These results suggest an attentional change during VR navigation and activation of the autonomic nervous system for cybersickness. These findings would enhance our understanding for the psychophysiological changes during VR navigation and cybersickness.

• 수면정신생리
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.61-67
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• 2002

본 연구는 정상인을 대상으로 바이오피드백 시스템으로 측정된 정신생리적 반응의 특징을 파악하는 것을 목적으로 시행되었다. 연구 결과 20대에서 피부전도반응이 다른 연령대에 비해 유의하게 높았으며, 여성에서 전두부 근전도가 남성에 비해 유의하게 높았다. 한편 정상인에서 바이오피드백 측정치와 자가 평가한 기분 변수와는 관련이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 바이오피드백 시스템 기기를 이용하여 평가를 할 때 성별, 연령별 특징을 고려해야 함을 시사한다. 본 연구에서 제시된 정신생리변수에 관한 중요한 특징들은 향후 동종의 바이오피드백 시스템을 이용한 연구결과를 비교하는 데 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2002

Psychological and physiological effects of the simulator sickness could be important bias factors for the sensibility evaluation. The purpose of the present study was to clear the differences of psychophysiological responses due to individual sensitivity of simulator sickness. The present experiment tried to investigate the simulator sickness objectively by observing the change of the simulator sickness for the different level of sickness groups (sick and non_sick group). The subjective evaluations using Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ) and physiological responses were measured every five minutes when they were driving as 60km/h in the driving graphic simulator. Response level of the subjective evaluation for all subjects on the simulator sickness was linearly increased with time for every item, and the response level of sick group was bigger than that of non_sick group. When the analysis on central nervous system was done separately on the sick and the non_sick group, there was significant difference in the parameter $\theta$/total at Fz and Cz. Although the analysis on autonomic nervous system for all subjects showed the increased activation of sympathetic nervous system, there was no significant difference between the sick and non_sick group. In summary, it is necessary to select the subjects who feel less simulator sickness in order to be accurate sensibility evaluation. The parameters to distinguish between the sick and non_sick group were the change on $\theta$/total and subjective evaluation using SSQ.

• 대한불안의학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.102-108
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• 2010

Objective : Although studies have explored responses to fear had been assessed using various psychophysiological methods, results have been inconsistent. The present study examined psychophysiological responses in healthy subjects after viewing fear stimuli in a video clip for set up future fear related psychophysiological studies. Methods : We monitored three psychophysiological variables (electroencephalography, skin temperature, and heart rate variability) in adults who watched either a control stimulus movie clip or a fear-inducing movie clip. Results : In 16 healthy adults, theta activity decreased significantly after the fear stimulus as compared to the normal stimulus. However the participants showed no differences in heart rate variability or skin temperature between the fear and normal control stimulus situations. Conclusion : In the limbic area, theta activity corresponds with information processing, integration into previous memories and long-term potentiation. In this study, we suggest decreased theta activity represents amygdalo-hippocampal activity, associated with fear, short-term memory, and memory extinction in the healthy adults. Further studies are needed to evaluate the interaction of fear, memory, and the pathophysiology of anxiety disorder in patient with anxiety disorders.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.203-211
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• 2011

Objective: The aim of this study is to introduce a methodology to assess driver's emotion stability by using bio-signals. Background: Psychophysiological analysis of driver's behavior has been conducted to improve the driving safety and comfort. However, the variability of bio-signal and individual difference made it difficult to assess the psychophysiological status of drivers that can be expressed as emotional stability of drivers. Method: Two experimental studies were reviewed and summarized. New techniques assessing emotional stability of drivers were explained. Statistical concept and multidimensional space were used to identify the emotionally stable conditions. Conclusion: Psychophysiological approach can provide information of driver's emotional status. The experimental methodology and algorithm used in this study showed the possibility of parameterization of psychophysiological response. Application: Currently measured statistical and geometrical data can be further applied to develop an interactive device monitoring and reacting driver's emotion when driver experiences emotionally unstable or uncomfortable situation.

• 수면정신생리
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2001

목 적 : 본 연구는 정상인에서 바이오피드백 시스템으로 측정된 정신생리적 변인들과 기분 및 성격 특성에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 광고를 통해 모집한 내과적, 정신과적 질환의 병력이 없는 건강한 성인남녀 50명을 대상으로 스필버거 특성불안척도, 베크 우울척도, 성인용 아이젱크 성격검사를 측정하였다. 정신생리학적 변인은 J & J 바이오피드백 시스템을 이용하여 말초피부 온도, 피부전도 반응, 전완 근전도, 전두근 근전도의 수준을 기저기, 스트레스기, 회복기의 3시기로 나누어서 측정하였다. 또한 각 심리척도의 상위 10명, 하위 10명을 고집단(고불안, 고우울, 외향성, 고신경증)과 저집단(저불안, 저우울, 내향성, 저신경증)으로 분류하여 고/저 집단간의 정신생리적 반응의 차이를 t-test, repeated measures ANOVA, Pearson 상관분석을 통해 살펴보았다. 결 과 : 특성불안과 정신생리적 반응과의 관계를 살펴보았을 때, 전완 근전도의 스트레스 반응만이 특성불안과 유의한 상관관계를 나타냈을 뿐(r=0.282, p<0.05), 다른 정신생리적 반응과 연관성은 관찰되지 않았다. 우울감은 기저기와 회복기의 전완 근전도에서 각각 부적 상관관계를 나타냈다(r=-0.299, p<0.05；r=-0.314, p<0.05). 고우울 집단과 저우울 집단을 비교한 결과 전두근 근전도가 스트레스와 회복반응에서 유의한 상호작용 효과를 나타냈다 (F=4.26, p<.05). 외향적인 집단은 내향적인 집단에 비해 스트레스기에 측정된 전완 근전도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 결 론：본 연구를 통해 정상인에게서 기분과 성격 특성은 바이오피드백 시스템으로 측정한 정신생리적 반응과 연관이 있음을 확인했다. 이는 각종 정신과적 장애에서 동반되는 정신생리적 변인의 이상소견을 해석하는데 있어 반드시 고려해야 할 점으로 생각된다.

• 한국산업안전학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국안전학회 2000년도 춘계 학술논문발표회 논문집
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• pp.260-263
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• 2000

In order to catch the relationship between psychophysiological symptoms and human work performance, the ERP technique was adopted as a measure, and two different tasks - a counting task and an Odd-Ball task were conducted. According to the results, the P300 amplitude during the counting task was not so high as that during the Odd Ball task, and correct response corresponded with stable ERP with high P300 amplitude whereas wrong response with unstable, fluctuating ERP with low P300 amplitude, Therefore it was concluded that it would be possible to grasp the symptoms of human errors with the help of psycho-physiological technique.

• 한국감성과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국감성과학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.186-189
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• 2002

The footwear such as socks and shoes is the clothing which are necessary to our life. In this study, clothing comfort of the footwear was carried out by physiological responses and subjective evaluation. As a result, the effect to walking comfort by the height of a heel in female shoes became clear. Then suitability evaluation system of shoes was proposed from the measuring results. On the other hands, the clothing comfort of the hosiery was evaluated from ECG analysis. By this analysis, it became clear that the factor which influences the clothing comfort of the hosiery was the clothes pressure in the hosiery. In the future, plane shape of the foot and solid shape must be considered in order to design the hosiery.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.132-136
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• 2020

Purpose: The talk test (TT) is an alternative, self-reported method for prescribing and guiding exercise training in both healthy adults and patients with cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases. This study examined whether the TT is a valid tool for evaluating the exercise intensity during two different types of aerobic activity on a treadmill or stationary bicycle in a healthy population. Methods: A total of ten subjects (six males and four females) who had no medical history related to musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, and pulmonary disorders were enrolled in this study. They were evaluated using the TT, which consisted of three-level of difficulties demanding cardiac loads while performing aerobic activities on a treadmill and bicycle ergometer across two consecutive days in a counterbalanced manner. During the activities, the psychophysiological response markers were collected in terms of the heart rate, oxygen saturation, rating of perceived exertion, and metabolic equivalents. Results: Statistical analyses revealed a significant difference in the between-subject variance regarding the TT level effect (p<0.05). On the other hand, no significant findings were detected on the between-group variance(p>0.05) and the TT level×group interaction (p>0.05). The independent t-test indicated no significant differences in heart rate, oxygen saturation, rating of perceived exertion, and metabolic equivalents at any levels of the TT in the two groups. The TT showed a strong correlation with the rating of perceived exertion. Conclusion: This study showed that the TT is a valid and alternative tool for evaluating the aerobic exercise intensity in a healthy population. In addition, differences in the psychophysiological response markers between two aerobic activities, treadmill and bicycle ergometer, were detected in the same exercise intensity scaled with the TT. The TT can be used to evaluate and prescribe the exercise intensity of aerobic activity in cardiovascular and pulmonary physical therapy.