• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.718-724
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• 2008

Tooth impaction is a frequently observed eruption anomaly in pediatric dental practice. Young patients with impacted or unerupted teeth have more prediction for dentigerous cyst formation. Dentigerous cyst presents radiographic features, unilocular or multilocular radioluscency. Cysts occur most frequently in the premolar region except third molar. Dentigerous cysts can grow to a considerable size, and large cysts may be associated with a painless expansion of the bone in the involved area. Extensive lesions may result in facial asymmetry, osseous destruction, root resorption of proximal teeth and displacement of associated tooth. The nature of the causative tooth influences the type of surgical treatment required for the dentigerous cyst. If the cyst is associated with a supernumerary or wisdom tooth, complete enucleation of the cyst along with extraction of tooth may be the first treatment choice. Otherwise, preservation of the associated teeth should be considered to prevent a young patient from psychological and mental trauma because of the loss of tooth. We should consider the degree of tooth displacement, osseous destruction and growth pattern of oromaxillofacial area when planning treatment. Thus a proper and logical treatment planning can help a proper growth and development of oromaxillofacial area and can save the patient from a psychological and mental trauma. This report describes 4 cases of the management of impacted premolars and molars associated with dentigerous cysts in children.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.164-172
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• 2016

Objectives: This study attempted to evaluate the usefulness and direction of development of post-traumatic assessment and interventions based on the opinions of psychiatrics and disaster and trauma-related experts using the Delphi survey technique. Methods: In-depth individual interviews served as the pre-survey and were followed by Delphi primary and secondary surveys. Specialists in child and adolescent mental health, psychological support professionals specialized in disasters and related practitioners with experience of disasters in Korea completed a set of questionnaires and participated in focus group interviews and in-depth individual interviews on post-traumatic assessment and intervention. Results: We found that the following issues have a significant impact on the interventions after disasters: the proper time of the initial interview in the event of a disaster, assessment notices, aged assessment services, mandatory enforcement measures, scale screening and treatment intervention elements, symptoms degree classification, intervention standardization, the use of a levelled program, care unit environment, and operation plan. Conclusion: This study proposed effective mental health intervention measures and has implications for the development of evaluation treatment protocols after disasters.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.278-305
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• 2016

Objective: The aim of this systematic literature review is to analyze the psychosocial interventions for children and adolescents after disasters. Methods: We conducted a review of the extant research literature from 1991 to 2015 via a comprehensive search of the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, PubMed and PsyclNFO databases. The keywords employed in this research included: 'child', 'adolescent', 'youth', 'disaster', 'posttraumatic', 'psychosocial', 'therapy' and 'intervention'. The researchers followed the PRISMA guidelines. A total of 850 articles were screened for their eligibility and fifty-nine were found to meet the study criteria. The final data analysis was performed based on the disaster type, study design, type of intervention, sample size, age, school grade, number of sessions, setting of intervention delivery, providers, approach and parent involvement. Results: Countries worldwide have experienced various kinds of disasters, including earthquakes, hurricanes, vessel accidents, tornados, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, war, fire, terrorism, and traffic accidents. The types of psychosocial intervention that were conducted after these disasters included: psychological first aid, psychological debriefing, psychoeducation, trauma focused cognitive behavior therapy, eye movement desensitization reprocessing, prolonged exposure therapy, group play therapy and arts therapy, project interventions, school-based interventions and web-based interventions. Conclusion: The findings of the systematic literature review suggest that an appropriate psychosocial intervention could be utilized as evidence-based mental health treatment for children and adolescents after disasters.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.131-141
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to specifically explore the path leading to posttraumatic growth through self-efficacy, which is the personal psychological characteristic of adults who have experienced trauma, through cognitive flexibility and sequential mediating effects of hope. For this purpose, an online survey was conducted for adults aged 19 to 65 years old across the country with trauma experience. Among them, 316 data suitable for research analysis were analyzed. The results of this study are as follows. First, posttraumatic growth showed a statistically significant positive correlation with self-efficacy, alternative and control of cognitive flexibility, and hope. Second, the increase in posttraumatic growth was directly related to the increase in hope, and the increased hope was found to be positively related to the increased alternative and self-efficacy level. Third, in the relationship between self-efficacy and posttraumatic growth, the sequential mediating effect of alternatives and hopes was found to be statistically significant. Based on these findings, implications, limitations and suggestions of the study were discussed.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.314-318
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• 2005

For treatment of full thickness skin defects caused by trauma or infections, skin grafts or flaps have been the treatment of choice to date. However, in patients who are not candidates for surgery, either due to his general conditions or refusal to receive treatment, supportive methods have been the only means of care, which inherently caused psychological trauma to the patient due to uncertainties of ultimate outcome and the length of treatment. This study aimed to heal full thickness skin defects through application of topical epidermal growth factor in patients who have received 2 to 3 weeks of conservative management using medifoam $B^{(R)}$ without improvement. Six patients from March 2002 to July 2004 were enrolled. The mean size of defects was $5.4{\times}4.6cm$ in 4 patients with carcinoma and $6.4{\times}4.1cm$ in 2 patients with osmidrosis. Commercially available 0.005% EGFR solution was used, and dressing was performed once daily. All patients benefitted from the use of EGF, with closure of skin defects taking an average of 28 days in cancer patients and 22.5 days in osmidrosis cases. EGF can be used as a supportive mean of treatment in the inoperable patients with skin defects, with resultant hastening of healing shortening duration of treatment.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.146-152
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• 2002

As the defects of the penis caused by trauma, surgical amputation, or congenital abnormality give the patients both psychological trauma and functional impairment, reconstruction of the penis is mandatory. Radial forearm free flap is reliable one-stage procedure, which can reconstruct both the phallus and the urethra. Chang and Whang's adaptation of the "tube-in-a-tube" concept and its incorporation into a free flap design represented a major advance in microsurgical phallic construction. Biemer described a modification of the radial forearm flap design in which the neourethra was centered over the radial artery, but the phallic shaft was separated into two paraurethral swatches. The authors have performed one-stage penile reconstruction in two patients since 1998, using a radial forearm free flap. Our present design incorporates the original Biemer triple skin island and includes a fourth distal island for neoglans. One case was the amputation of the penis from felonious assault and the other case was the iatrogenic penile amputation from repetitive urologic surgery for congenital hypospadia. All patients showed aesthetically acceptable results and good tactile sensory recovery. Severe complications such as necrosis, fistula, or urethral stricture were not occurred. Biemer's method modified by the authors is reliable one-stage penile reconstruction providing good aesthetic and functional results.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.179-186
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• 2004

Acute spinal cord injury can produce neurologic injury with many physical, psychological and social ramifications. It has been shown that two separate components combine to produce neurologic damage in acute spinal cord injury : the primary and secondary injuries. The primary mediators of spinal cord injury include the actual mechanical tissue disruption which is a passive process that occurs immediately following the trauma. A secondary injury cascade follows which appears mediated by cellular and molecular processes working through complex mechanisms. Both the primary and secondary injury cascades produce cell death both in neuronal and supporting cell tissues. Recovery from central nervous system(CNS) disorders is hindered by the limited ability of the vertebrate CNS to regenerate injured cells, replace damaged myelin sheath, and re-establish functional neuronal connections. Of many CNS disorders including multiple sclerosis, stroke, and other trauma, spinal cord injury is one of the important diseases because of the direct association with the functional loss of the body. Previous studies suggest that substantial recovery of function might be achieved through regeneration of lost neuronal cells and remyelination of intact axon in spinal cord injury which is occurred frequently. As a therapeutic approach in spinal cord injury, recently, cell transplantation provides a potential solution for the treatment of spinal cord injury. This review describes the characteristics of spinal cord injury and presents some evidence supporting functional recovery after cell transplantation following spinal cord injury.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.73-81
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• 2022

Since dissociative identity disorder (DID) has symptoms similar to schizophrenia, such as auditory hallucinations and delusional thoughts of being controlled, there are difficulties in its differential diagnosis. A 16-year-old adolescent male patient who was previously diagnosed with schizophrenia from a different hospital was admitted to our inpatient psychiatric unit for the evaluation of auditory hallucinations and suicide attempts. Through psychiatric evaluations, it was determined that the patient suffered from identity alternation, dissociation, and amnesia. As for the diagnostic evaluations, the following measures were implemented: a psychiatric interview regarding the diagnostic criteria, mental status examination, laboratory tests, brain imaging studies, electroencephalography, and full psychological test for adolescents, and the self-reported measure of the Adolescent Dissociative Experiences Scale. The patient was diagnosed with DID, and the following treatments were administered: pharmacotherapy, ego state therapy, psychoeducation regarding emotions, trauma-focused psychotherapy including stabilization, and family therapy. Following treatment, in the internal dimensions, the patient was able to recognize the nine alternate identities in charge of his emotions, which established a basis for the potential integration of identities. In the external dimensions, he showed improvements in the aspects of family conflicts and issue of school refusal. This is the first reported case of DID in an adolescent in Korea; it emphasizes the consideration of DID in the differential diagnosis of other mental illnesses such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder and expands the treatment opportunities for DID by sharing the procedures of ego state therapy.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.497-525
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• 2017

This study verified whether university students of Gwangju and Jeollanam-do recall negative information like violence and death faster than positive information like democratic community about the May 18 Gwangju democratic movement in implicit dimension. University students of Gwangju responded faster when the May 18 combined with the pictures of negative content. However, university students of Jeollanam-do responded marginally faster when the May 18 combined with the pictures of positive content. In addition, the students performed implicit evaluation test towards the May 18. The students of Gwangju showed a slightly negative attitude towards the May 18, while the students of Jeollanam-do showed a positive attitude towards the May 18. This study acquires significance because it confirmed that university students of Gwangju have an implicit representation similar to trauma and a terrible feeling about the May 18.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.365-383
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• 2018

In this study, to search for events that cause high levels of PTSD symptoms, traumatic events are classified into 'criterion events' that meet DSM-IV-TR criteria and 'life stresssful events', conditional probability of PTSD was confirmed. From a sample of 1,000 adults residing in South Korea, 998 statistically relevant samples were extracted. Criterion events include cases of 'sexual harassment before age 16', 'sightings of other accidents', 'rape before 16', 'domestic violence before 16', 'disaster', 'traffic accidents', 'other accidents'. Life stressful events appeared to be 'legal arrest or detention(person and family)', 'parental separation or divorce', 'failure or despair causing serious stress', 'extreme conflict with family or frequent quarrels'. Among the demographic characteristics, age, marital status, religion were found to affect PTSD symptoms. The implications and limitations of these results are discussed.