• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.24 no.65
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• pp.65-73
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• 2001

In this study, psychophysiological stress was quantitatively evaluated at various car interior noise levels by using Electroencephalogram(EEG). An experiment was performed to investigate the most comfortable range of noise level during simulated driving condition. Twelve healthy volunteers participated in the experiment. They were asked to operate the driving simulator while six levels of interior noise were given, such as 45dB(A), 50dB(A), 55dB(A), 60dB(A), 70dB(A), 80dB(A), and maximal subjective noise level. EEG signals were recorded for 60 seconds in each noise level. The power spectral analysis was performed to analyze EEG signal. At the same time, psychological stress was also measured subjectively by using a magnitude estimation method. The results showed that subjective stress and EEG spectrum indicated a statistically significant difference between noise levels. In particular, high level noise produced an increase in beta power at temporal(T3, T4) areas. It was also found that beta activity was highly correlated with subjective perception of discomfort, and subjects responded to car interior noise as arousing or negative stimuli. Moreover, beta power remained stable above 70dB(A), whereas subjective discomfort continued to increase even above 70dB(A) We concluded that brain waves could provide psychophysiological information of drivers emotional reaction to car interior noise. Thus, EEG parameters could be a new measure to determine optimal noise level in ergonomic workplace design after further verification in various experimental conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.113-119
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• 2011

LED lighting has received much attention in recent years due to its high energy efficiency and environmental friendliness. As the color of light can be obtained by adjusting the light intensity of LEDs, the quality of visual environment can be improved. The aims of this study are to develop a wavelength adjustable LED lighting system and to examine its lighting performances. The LED lighting system and experimental cell for assessment of the lighting performance were constructed. This LED lighting system is able to materialize the various spectral power distribution and color temperature of light through the control of the four dimmers. Up to $432^4$ kinds of light combinations are possible. The range of illuminance on workplane were measured as 7~1,831 ㏓. Improvement of psychological and physical functions for occupants can be expected according to control of lighting performances.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.586-597
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• 2021

Personalized product recommendation service is receiving attention as a new marketing strategy while supporting consumer information search and purchasing decisions. This study attempted to verify the effect of self-reference on service use behavior through the dual path of cognitive attitude and emotional attachment. Using convenience sampling, an online survey was conducted with 324 women who were in their 20s and 30s. After collecting and compiling the survey data, the reliability and validity of variables constituting the conceptual research model were verified through confirmatory factor analysis using AMOS 22.0. Next, the significance of sequentially mediated pathways was verified using Process 3.5 Model 80. The results showed that self-referencing not only significantly affects service use intention by simply mediating cognitive attitudes but also sequentially mediates cognitive attitudes and additional information search. Furthermore, self-referencing was significant as an indirect path to service use intention by mediating additional information search. However, in the path mediated by emotional attachment, self-referencing was considered as a simple mediated path leading to service usage intention. These results indicate a dual path in the psychological mechanism, through cognitive and emotional evaluation, that prompts consumer behavioral responses to the personalized product information provided in the shopping process.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.807-815
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• 2021

Microfinance is seen as a tool for poverty elimination by providing various services characterized as financial and non-financial to minority groups in the society to be included in the mainstream financial system. This paper seeks to examine the effect of microfinance institutions' (MFIs) financial and non-financial services on women's entrepreneurship and empowerment in Jordan as a developing country. To gain a deeper understanding of the effectiveness of microfinance services, the study is undertaken to address the question of what kinds of services are available and whether the MFI services are in line with the actual needs of women entrepreneurs to improve their performance. Hence, a qualitative approach was adopted in this study using semi-structured interview questions to collect data from twenty-four women entrepreneurs in Jordan. The results showed that, as regards financial services, the most important needs of women entrepreneurs include providing adequate financing with necessary financial facilities such as reducing interest, reducing monthly installments, and extending the grace period, while non-financial services should include holding specialized courses, accessing a counseling center, providing incentives and psychological support, marketing support, and monitoring and evaluation. This study concluded that factors associated with MFI play a crucial role to uplift women entrepreneurs and eliminate gender inequality.

• 대한상한금궤의학회지
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.165-178
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• 2021

Objective: This study aimed to report the improvement of a patient with chronic insomnia who was treated with Baekho-tang based on the Shanghanlun disease pattern identification diagnostic system (DPIDS). Methods: The patient's symptoms were checked on days 19, 37, and 52 after taking Baekho-tang. Chronic insomnia was evaluated by the degree of insomnia, hours spent asleep, and the number of times the patient woke up during the night, which were all assessed by a visual analog scale (VAS) with the Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire. In addition, new clinical implications for the interpretation of the 350th Shanghanlun provision were reviewed. Results: After administering Baekho-tang for 52 days, based on the 350th Shanghanlun provision according to the DPIDS, the VAS score decreased from 10 to 1. Conclusions: The patient recovered from chronic insomnia. This case report suggests that the words "滑," "厥," and "裏" in the 350th provision of Shanghanlun mean physical and psychological causes of insomnia. In addition, Baekho-tang had a therapeutic effect in improving the chief complaint of the patient. Therefore, the interpretation of the 350th Shanghanlun provision requires a new definition that includes the patient's lifestyle, family conflict, and past history of the patient as a cause of chronic insomnia.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.143-149
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• 2023

Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a chronic and recurrent upper gastrointestinal symptom that has no organic cause. A 49-year-old male patient positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) visited the clinic because of FD and constipation. He received complex Korean medicine treatment, including acupuncture and herbal medicines, from April 14 to July 18, 2022 (27 times) in the outpatient department. Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS), Nepean Dyspepsia Index (NDI), FD-related quality of life (FD-QoL), Euro QoL visual analog scale (EQ-VAS), and Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) were used as evaluation tools in this study. Symptoms were relieved after 3 months of treatment, and his QoL improved (GSRS, 15-3; NDI, 110-21; FD-QoL, 52-20 [eating status, 10-3; liveliness status, 12-8; psychological, 1-0; role-functioning status, 18-9]; EQ-VAS, 40-65; NRS, 8-4). The results revealed that complex Korean medicine treatment could alleviate FD and constipation in patients with HIV.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.80-91
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• 2022

Purpose: This study developed an instrument to evaluate the health empowerment of North Korean women refugees and examined its validity and reliability. Methods: Through literature review and focused group interviews, 66 preliminary items with three constructs, including perceived control, perceived competence, and goal internalization were selected based on Menon's psychological health empowerment model. A questionnaire survey was conducted with 239 North Korean women refugees in the community from August 31 to September 4, 2020. Content, construct, convergent, and discriminative validity were evaluated. Cronbach's α was used to evaluate the reliability of scale. Results: The final instrument consisted of 31 items with three factors that were identified through confirmatory factor analysis. The convergent validity showed that the correlation coefficient was .52 (p < .001), which confirmed the validity of the developed measurement tool. Cronbach's α for all the items was .94, and Cronbach's α for the factors was .76~.91. Conclusion: This health empowerment scale has been developed to include aspects of health empowerment, provide a conceptual framework, and offer objective indicators to evaluate the effectiveness of a health education program.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.65 no.3
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• pp.370-379
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• 2022

Abusive head trauma (AHT) is the most severe form of physical abuse in children. Such injury involves traumatic damage to the head and/or spine of infants and young children. The term AHT was introduced to include a wider range of injury mechanisms, such as intentional direct blow, throw, and even penetrating trauma by perpetuator(s). Currently, it is recommended to replace the former term, shaken baby syndrome, which implicates shaking as the only mechanism, with AHT to include diverse clinical and radiological manifestations. The consequences of AHT cause devastating medical, social and financial burdens on families, communities, and victims. The potential harm of AHT to the developing brain and spinal cord of the victims is tremendous. Many studies have reported that the adverse effects of AHT are various and serious, such as blindness, mental retardation, physical limitation of daily activities and even psychological problems. Therefore, appropriate vigilance for the early recognition and diagnosis of AHT is highly recommended to stop and prevent further injuries. The aim of this review is to summarize the relevant evidence concerning the early recognition and diagnosis of AHT. To recognize this severe type of child abuse early, all health care providers maintain a high index of suspicion and vigilance. Such suspicion can be initiated with careful and thorough history taking and physical examinations. Previously developed clinical prediction rules can be helpful for decision-making regarding starting an investigation when considering meaningful findings. Even the combination of biochemical markers may be useful to predict AHT. For a more confirmative evaluation, neuroradiological imaging is required to find AHT-specific findings. Moreover, timely consultation with ophthalmologists is needed to find a very specific finding, retinal hemorrhage.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2020.12a
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• pp.303-312
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• 2020

Safety culture is a collection of the beliefs, perceptions and values that employees share in relation to risks within an organisation. On the other hand, a resilient safety culture (RSC) means a culture with readiness of the organisation to respond effectively under stress, bounce back from shocks and continuously learn from them. RSC helps organisations to protect their interest which can be attributed to behavioural, psychological and managerial capabilities of the organization. Quantification of the degree of resilience in an organisation's safety culture can provide insights about the strong and weak links of the organisation's overall health and safety situation by identifying potential causes of system or sub-system failure. One of the major challenges of quantification of RSC is that the attributes that determine RSC need to be measured through constructs and indicators which are complex and often interrelated. In this paper, we address this challenge by applying a fault tree analysis (FTA) technique which can help analyse complex and interrelated constructs and indicators. The fault tree model of RSC is used to evaluate resilience levels of two organisations with remote and urban locations in order to demonstrate the failure path of the weak links in the RSC model.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.31-39
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• 2024

Purpose: The present research guides to a middle ground where recreational sports and enjoyment justify the basic concept of leisure consumption, exploring an exciting field of study, where participation is the motivational source of recreational sports fans for transferring into the motivation of leisure activities and leisure consumption. Research design, data and methodology: This research took a close look at the current literature to investigate impacts of recreational sports enthusiasts' willingness to engage in the leisure consumption. The screening and excluding procedure took a place to select a qualified prior resources and the present author finally obtained a total of 19 highly relevant papers. Results: The evaluation of the presented research shows that the enthusiasts' participation in avocational sports has four significant implications on their lifestyle and leisure consumption. These impacts are categorized as follows: Economic influence, Psychological influence, Social influence, and Environmental influence. Conclusions: In sum, this study has shown the various ways and magnitude in which willingness to participate in leisure affects its consumption by the recreational sports enthusiast. These impacts have brought critical implications for the viability of the sport leisure business in the industry, particularly in urging it to be the right strategic direction to cater to this market segment.