• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.289-299
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• 2020

Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate current research trends of Four Pillars of Destiny and verify its values and potential in the counselling scene, as the Four Pillars of Destiny's territory has been expanding to counselling, medical and psychiatric realm nowadays. Methods: The studies were searched from psychotherapy to general consultation, directly or indirectly related to counseling and Four Pillars of Destiny. Twenty-one published research studies were selected for analysis. The studies were categorized into 7 groups, meta-analysis, comparison with other personality tests, user's trend analysis, utilization in job counseling, disease prediction study, utilization in treatment counseling, and use in Korean medicine. Results: The selected studies attempted to expand Four Pillars of Destiny's usage through combination with other fields such as artificial intelligence, Korean medicine, and personality test. Furthermore by analyzing Four Pillars of Destiny itself to extract its key elements in counseling, such as therapeutic counseling factors and occupational counseling factors. Conclusions: At present, there are no standard use of Four Pillars of Destiny in counseling scene, for no large-scale research has been conducted or completed on this subject. This current status quo leads this paper to end up just understanding the counseling factors and possibilities of Four Pillars of Destiny rather than its psychological theory and clinical effect. However, this research trend analysis will be helpful in preparing future studies investigating Four Pillars of Destiny's counseling effect, application in the counseling scene and its psychological theory. Also, further studies, including confirmation of the theory through the operational definition, prospective research, control study, statistical technique are required in order to evaluate Four Pillars of Destiny's psychological theory and its effects to verify its use in clinical scenes.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.123-131
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• 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the experience and perception of using Korean medicine treatments for patients with mental disorders. Methods: The method of a qualitative analysis was used, and semi-structured interviews were conducted. The researchers developed the survey questionnaires with consultation from psychiatrists from various university hospitals. Before conducting interviews, an IRB was approved KHSIRB-21-131 (RA), and the Hankook Research Company managed the interviews. The question composition comprised 11 questions based on symptoms and treatment situations accompanying treatment due to mental distress, perception of Korean medicine, awareness of treatment costs, and awareness of treatment costs. Results: A total of six patients were interviewed. Each interviewee took 90 minutes to answer questions. Through the analysis of the data, the patients comprised four categories: characteristics, awareness of Korean medicine, awareness of Western treatment, and daily life due to mental disorder. The experience and perception of patients using Korean medicine showed positive attitudes. There was an opinion among patients that Korean medicine treatment was less dependent on drugs, and had fewer side effects, than Western medicine. Some patients said that Korean medical treatment is expensive and burdensome medical expenses. Some patients were not aware of the application of insurance to mitigate medical expenses. Conclusions: Based on the findings of the study, it is urgent to expand the application of insurance benefits to Korean medicine.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.376-384
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• 2023

Purpose: The Armed Forces Trauma Center of Korea was established in April 2022. This study was conducted to report our 1-year experience of treating soldiers with open fractures of the lower extremity. Methods: In this case series, we reviewed the medical records of 51 Korean soldiers with open fractures of the lower extremity between April 2022 and March 2023 at a trauma center. We analyzed patients with Gustilo-Anderson type II and III fractures and reported the duration of transportation, injury mechanisms, injured sites, and associated injuries. We also presented laboratory findings, surgery types, intensive care unit stays, hospital stays, rehabilitation results, and reasons for psychiatric consultation. Additionally, we described patients' mode of transport. Results: This study enrolled nine male patients who were between 21 and 26 years old. Six patients had type II and three had type III fractures. Transport from the accident scene to the emergency room ranged from 75 to 455 minutes, and from the emergency room to the operating room ranged from 35 to 200 minutes. Injury mechanisms included gunshot wounds, landmine explosions, grenade explosions, and entrapment by ship mooring ropes. One case had serious associated injuries (inhalation burn, open facial bone fractures, and hemopneumothorax). No cases with serious blood loss or coagulopathies were found, but most cases had a significant elevation of creatinine kinase. Two patients underwent vascular reconstruction, whereas four patients received flap surgery. After rehabilitation, six patients could walk, one patient could move their joints actively, and two patients performed active assistive movement. Eight patients were referred to the psychiatry department due to suicidal attempts and posttraumatic stress disorder. Conclusions: This study provides insights into how to improve treatment for patients with military trauma, as well as medical services such as the transport system, by revising treatment protocols and systematizing treatment.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.106-114
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• 2019

이 연구의 목적은 노인이 경험한 건강증진과 만성질환관리 보건교육, 정신문제 상담 경험이 현재 건강상태에 미치는 효과를 확인하는 것이다. 이 연구는 '2017년 지역사회 건강조사' 자료를 활용하여 65세 이상 노인 10,532명을 최종 대상자로 선정하였다. 건강증진 교육경험에는 손씻기 교육 및 홍보 경험, 금연 캠페인 경험, 금연교육 경험으로 구성되었다. 만성질환관리 교육 경험은 고혈압, 당뇨병, 또는 관절염 관리 보건교육 경험으로 구성되었다. 정신문제 상담 경험은 스트레스, 우울, 자살을 포함한 정신문제 관련 상담 경험으로 구성되었다. 현재 건강상태는 운동능력, 자기관리, 일상활동, 통증/불편, 불안/우울 정도로 구성되었다. 자료분석은 Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney test, 다변량 로지스틱 회귀분석을 활용하였다. 연구대상자의 일반적 특성은 남자가 4,075명(38.69%)이고, 여자가 6,457명(61.31%)이었으며, 평균연령은 73.71(±6.18)세이었다. 노인 대상자의 현재 건강상태에 영향을 미치는 유의한 요인으로는 연령(OR=0.909, 95% CI=0.886-0.933), 손씻기 교육 및 홍보 경험(OR=2.463, 95% CI=1.703-3.563), 금연캠페인 경험(OR=1.624, 95% CI=1.146-2.301), 정신문제 상담 경험(OR=0.533, 95% CI=0.359-0.791)으로 나타났다. 노인들이 오랫동안 유지해온 개인적 습성을 수정하여 교육의 효과를 보이기 위해서는 대상자의 특성을 고려한 장기간 꾸준한 교육이 효과적일 것이다.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2019

연구목적 본 연구에서는 섬망 증상 조절을 위한 항정신병약물 처방에 영향을 주는 임상적 특징을 알아보고자 한다. 방 법 연세대학교 원주세브란스 기독병원에 입원하여 정신건강의학과에 협진 의뢰된 환자 중, 일반신체질환에 의한 섬망으로 진단된 185명을 대상으로 후향적 의무기록을 조사하였다. 항정신병약물을 사용한 군과 사용하지 않은 군으로 구분하여 임상적 특성을 비교 분석하였다. 결 과 항정신병약물 사용군은 129명(66.5%)으로 정신과약물 사용력이 많았다. 특히 벤조디아제핀계 약물 사용력에서 두 군 간에 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 섬망평가척도 대다수에서 항정신병약물 사용군이 높은 점수를 보였다. 결 론 항정신병약물 사용군은 섬망의 외현 증상이 두드러지며 기저에 벤조디아제핀계 약물 복용력이 높았다. 이는 벤조디아제핀이 섬망의 경과와 외현 증상에 영향을 주었을 가능성이 있다. 임상 현장에서 예후에 영향을 줄 수 있는 섬망의 임상적 특징에 대한 이해가 축적되어야 할 것이다.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2015

연구목적 본 연구에서는 섬망의 운동성 아형 간의 증상과 임상적 특징의 차이를 알아보고자 한다. 방 법 일 대학병원에 입원하여 정신건강의학과에 협진의뢰된 환자 중 일반신체질환에 의한 섬망으로 진단된 256명을 대상으로 후향적으로 의무기록을 검토하였다. 운동성 아형은 Lipowski의 분류 체계에 따라 과활동형, 저활동형 및 혼재형으로 분류하였으며, 섬망평가척도를 이용하여 증상을 평가하였다. 결 과 과활동형이 130명(50.8%), 혼재형은 118명(46.1%), 저활동형은 118명(3.1%)이었다. 과활동형은 평균연령이 혼재형 환자보다 적었으며(p=0.022), 섬망을 치료하기 위해 항정신병 약물을 더 자주 사용하였다(p<0.001). 과활동형은 인지적 및 비인지적 증상 점수가 타 아형에 비해 높았다(각각 p=0.002, p<0.001). 결 론 섬망의 운동성 아형에 따라 증상 및 임상적 특징에서 차이가 있었다. 운동성 아형에 따라 진단 및 치료적 접근 방법을 달리하여, 특정 아형의 섬망 진단이 간과되거나 치료가 지연되지 않도록 관심을 가질 필요가 있다.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.77-85
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• 2021

유방암은 여성에서 가장 높은 유병율을 보이는 암으로, 진단과 치료과정 및 치료 후에도 다양한 정신사회적 디스트레스가 자주 나타난다. 유방암 환자의 치료에는 의학적 치료뿐만 아니라 정신신체의학적 통합치료가 필요하다. 유방암 환자는 스트레스, 불안장애, 우울장애, 적응 장애 등에 대한 취약성이 증가하고, 이러한 정신장애는 유방암의 악화 또는 재발과 연관이 있다. 유방암 환자의 불안과 우울에 대한 정신사회적 치료는 환자의 삶의 질을 증진시키고, 유방암의 재발과 악화를 감소시킨다. 본 연구에서는 5편의 유방암 치료 가이드라인에서 정신사회적 디스트레스에 대한 정신사회적 치료와 대체의학적 치료가 포함된 정신신체의학적 통합치료 부분에 초점을 맞추어 논의하였다. 5편의 가이드 라인에서 사용한 서로 다른 근거 기준은 US Preventive Service Task Force (USPSTF) 기준에 맞춰 연구자들이 평가하여 근거를 기술하였다. 또한 유방암 환자의 불안, 우울, 기분, 삶의 질에 대한 정신사회적 치료의 효과 크기를 요약하였고, 정신신체의학적 통합치료 서비스 제공에 대한 장벽과 이에 대한 대안을 제시하였다. 다학제 팀을 구성하고, 환자 요구도를 조사하며, 정신사회적 치료의 정보를 환자에게 제공하여 환자와 가족이 참여하는 것이 중요하다. 또한 준비된 계획에 따라 정기적으로 정신사회적 디스트레스를 평가하고, 정신신체의학 전문가 또는 자문조정 정신건강의학과 의사에 의한 정신신체의학적 통합치료가 환자에게 제공되는 것이 가장 중요하다.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.13-22
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• 2014

연구목적 2001년 이후로 유방암은 한국에서 가장 흔한 여성 암이 되었다. 진행 유방암으로 진단받을 고위험군을 확인하는 것은 유방암 사망률을 줄이기 위한 효과적인 방법 중 하나라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 유방암을 진단 받은 시점에서 진행 유방암과 연관된 사회인구학적, 건강행위 건강특성, 임상적 그리고 정신사회적 요인을 조사하며, 진행 유방암을 예측할 수 있는 요인을 밝히는 데 있다. 방법 경북대학교 병원에서 처음으로 유방암을 진단받고, 수술을 시행한 후 '유방암 환자들을 위한 스트레스 클리닉'에 자문 의뢰되어 정신의학적 면담이 시행된 219명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 기본 사회인구학적 자료를 비롯하여, 자가진단 및 유방촬영술의 규칙적 시행여부, 진단 당시의 병기, 유방암 발견 경위 등을 조사하였다. 정신사회적 요인으로는 경제적 및 가족적 부담, 부부관계기능, 가족관계기능 정도 등을 반구조화된 면담을 통해 파악하였다. 교차분석과 로지스틱 회귀분석으로 조기 유방암 환자군과 진행 유방암 환자군 간에 변수를 비교하고 진행 유방암 환자군을 예측할 수 있는 요인을 확인하였다. 결과 유방암을 진단받은 시점에서 120명(54.8%)이 진행 유방암으로 확인이 되었다. 단변량분석을 통하여 조기 유방암을 진단받은 환자군과 진행 유방암을 진단받은 환자군 사이에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 난 변수는 다음과 같았다. 건강행위 및 특성 변수로는 자가 검진행위(p<0.000), 매년 유방촬영술 시행여부(p<0.000)이었다. 암 관련 임상적 특징으로는 종양 발견경위(p<0.000), 첫 증상의 양상(p<0.000), 첫 증상 발견부터 치료까지 소요된 기간(p<0.000)이었다. 정신사회적 요인으로는 부부관계기능(p<0.000)과 가족관계기능(p=0.000), 과도한 경제적 가족적 부담(p=0.018)이었다. 로지스틱회귀분석을 통하여 매년 비진행 유방암에 영향을 미치는 독립인자로는 매년 유방암 선별을 위해서 실시하는 유방촬영술을 비정기적으로 시행하거나(OR=7.431 ; 95% CI 2.407-22.944), 전혀 시행하지 않는 경우(OR=25.299 ; 95% CI 7.855-81.482)였으며 정신사회적 요인으로는 기능 부전적 부부관계(OR=4.772 ; 95% CI 2.244-10.145)가 유일했다. 결론 본 연구를 통하여 진행 유방암 진단의 위험인자로 널리 알려진 비정기적 검진을 재확인하였으며, 이외에도 정신사회적 요인으로서 '비기능적 부부관계기능'을 밝혀냈다. 이러한 결과는 유방암을 조기에 진단하는데 전통적으로 인정되어 왔던 사회인구학적, 임상적 요인 이외에도 정신사회적 요인이 중요한 영역임을 시사한다.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.65-89
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• 2012

Objective : In order to investigate and improve public Korean medical health service satisfaction level, this study was designed. Method : A questionnaire has been conducted on 212 patients who received treatments at six public health centers in the northern part of Gyeongbuk during 15 days between Sep. 24 and Oct. 8, 2011. Result : 1. An Investigation on the usage of herbal clinics in public health centers reveals that 63.7% have received three times or more medical treatments previously and 61.8% have had their illness treated at other medical institutions. In regard to illness 32.1% have had arthritis or muscle aches. 50.9% have taken insurance medication after having had treatments at the public health centers. 66% have assessed acupuncture and moxa cautery the most satisfying. 2. To a question regarding whether herbal health treatment costs higher than that of physician's, the highest response at 31.6% is 'No'. And to a question regarding whether herbal medicines administered at public health centers have more side effects than that of physician's, the highest response at 39.6% is 'No'. 3. To a question regarding whether herbal treatment of public health centers has little effect against acute disease, 48.1% of responses are 'Fair'. To a question regarding whether herbal treatments, when compared with physician's treatments, boost better recovery of patients, 48.1% of responses are 'Fair'. To a question regarding whether herbal medicine is unscientific, when compared with that of western medicine, 38.2% of responses are 'Fair', To a question regarding whether herbal medicine has faster effect on disease than western medicine, 41.0% of responses are 'Fair'. To a question regarding whether herbal medicine is more effective on disease prevention and promotion of health than disease treatment, 38.2% of responses are 'Fair'. And to a question regarding whether the lack of various types of physical therapy devices in herbal medicine, when compared with western medicine causes inconvenience in herbal treatment, 42.0% of responses are 'Fair'. Those responses take up highest portion at each questionnaire. 4. A comparative study between herbal treatments and physician's treatments has also been conducted. To questions regarding which one of the two considering types of disease is the better, responses are the latter accounted for 43.9% against 'Cancer', the latter accounted for 45.3% against 'Endocrine disorders', the former accounted for 30.7% against 'Psychiatric disorders', the latter accounted for 38.2% gainst 'Otolaryngological(ENT) disease', the former accounted for 47.6% against 'Post traumatic stress disorder', and the former accounted for 52.4% against 'Muscle-skeletal disease'. 5. An investigation on frequency of patients' visits via (p<0.05) of subjects show a statistically significant difference. 6. First, an investigation on frequency of reasons of medical treatments reveal that age, occupation, monthly income, and insurance type (p<0.05) of subjects show a statistically significant difference. Secondly, an investigation on frequency of subjects taking insurance medicines after herbal health treatments reveal that monthly income (p<0.05) of subject shows a statistically significant difference. 7. First, an investigation on frequency of a claim that herbal treatments of public health center does not have great effect on acute disease reveals that age, education, and insurance type (p<0.05) of subjects show a statistically significant difference. Secondly, an investigation on frequency of analysis that herbal treatments has faster effect on disease compared with western treatments reveals that education level, religion, monthly income, and insurance type (p<0.05) of subjects show a statistically significant difference. 8. When herbal clinics of public health centers and general herbal medicine institutions are compared, a survey on additional treatments that herbal clinics need the most reveals that education level, monthly income, and insurance type (p<0.05) of subjects show a statistically significant difference. Secondly, an investigation on frequency of subjects who want various forms of herbal medicines reveals that occupation and insurance type (p<0.05) of subjects show a statistically significant difference. Conclusion : In order to improve efficiency of treatments and enhance patient's satisfaction level, this study suggests measures such as providing a differentiated acupuncture treatments as a whole, streamlining an reception procedure, adopting more elaborated computer system for a patient to get proper medical attention, standardizing a treatment duration in order for a maximum result, keeping regular office hours, and optimizing a consultation time for a patient.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.597-607
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• 2002

Background : Even though it is well known that pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) improves exercise capacity, and the quality of life, in patients with chronic lung diseases, not many patients can attend hospital based intensive PR in Korea. The purpose of this study was to develop a method for a home-based PR program, and study its effectiveness. Materials and Methods : Twenty patients with chronic lung diseases were randomly divided into two groups : a home PR group comprising of 10 male patients, with a mean age of 70 years, and a control group comprising of 10 male patients, with a mean age of 65 years. We developed exercise programs, depending on the exercise capacity of each patient, which were easy to do at home. The PR program consisted of a 12 week period of enforced aerobic (mostly walking) and muscle strengthening exercises, as prescribed by the exercise specialist, in accordance with the functional capacity of the patient. In addition to the education, nutritional and psychiatric consultation was undertaken, and respiratory muscle training arranged. Patients visited hospital every 2 weeks for evaluation and exercise prescription. Results : All patients finished the 12 week course of therapy. Following the home PR, the endurance times and work capacity of the upper and lower extremities were significantly increased in the treatment group in comparison to the controls. The six minute working (Eds note:should) 'working' read "walking"?) distance was increased from $465{\pm}60m$ to $508{\pm}37m$ and the maximal inspiratory pressure from $72.8{\pm}27.2cmH_2O$ to $91.4{\pm}30.9cmH_2O$. The quality of life, as assessed by St Georges Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), was also improved following PR. (Eds note:do you have figures for before and after, and a reference for the SGRQ?i.e. for the main paper.) Conclusion : The home PR program we developed seemed to be applicable, and effective, to most of the patients with chronic lung diseases in this study.