• 제목/요약/키워드: Provenance presumption

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Conservation Treatment Based on Material Characteristics, Provenance Presumption and Deterioration Diagnosis of the Seven-Storied Jungwon Tappyeongri Stone Pagoda, Chungju, Korea (중원탑평리칠층석탑의 재질특성과 산지추정 및 손상도 진단을 통한 보존처리)

  • Lee, Chan Hee;Kim, Moo Yeon;Jo, Young Hoon;Lee, Myeong Seong
    • Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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    • v.43 no.3
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    • pp.4-25
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    • 2010
  • This study was carried out on scientific conservation treatment based on material characteristics, provenance interpretation, and deterioration diagnosis for seven-storied Jungwon Tappyeongri stone pagoda in Chungju. As a result, main rock of the pagoda is biotite granite with magnetite-series (average $5.86{\times}10^{-3}$ SI unit), containing partly basic xenolith, pegmatite veinlet and feldspar phenocryst. As a result of the provenance presumption of the host rock, a rock around the Songgang stream was identified the same origin. Therefore the rock is appropriate for materials of the pagoda restoration. The deterioration assessment suggested that the pagoda was seriously exfoliated (2.7 to 5.5%), discolored (39.8 to 58.9), and contaminated with repair materials (3.5 to 9.4%), and bioorganisms (19.3 to 24.4%). Accordingly, conservation treatment was carried out based on preliminary investigation for stable conservation of the pagoda. Overall processes were sequentially proceeded by restoration of the replacement stone, cleaning, joining and consolidation. This study sets up an integrated conservation system from preliminary investigation to conservation treatment of the pagoda. Also, the study will contribute for establishing the future-oriented customized conservation treatment.

Interdisciplinary Study on Bronze Age Artifacts in Midwestern Korea: Material Characteristics and Provenance Presumption for Stone Artifacts of the Sinsongri Site in Seosan (한반도 중서부 청동기시대 유물의 융합과학적 연구: 서산 신송리유적 석기의 재질특성과 산지추정)

  • Lee, Chan Hee;Kim, Ran Hee;Eo, Eon Il
    • Journal of Conservation Science
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    • v.30 no.2
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    • pp.205-217
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    • 2014
  • The stone artifacts in Bronze age from the Sinsongri sites in Seosan, Korea were studied on material characteristics and provenance presumptions. The use and rock names of the artifacts are a stone before processing, two semifinished stone arrowheads and a grinding stone plate by slates. In addition, there is semifinished stone arrowhead by andesitic rocks. The slate could be observed easily around the site, and the andesitic rock could be confirmed typical occurrences of the all kinds of rocks around the Kanwoldo and Hwangdori, Anmyun area above 10km from the site. As a result of analysis which is comparing between stone artifacts and same kinds of raw material rocks, the stone artifacts made by slates have similar lithology and geochemical characteristics however, the stone artifacts made by andesitic rocks are found a some different part of characteristics to the same kind of raw material rocks. Comparing of major, rare earth, compatible and incompatible elements about stones artifacts made by slates and by the same kinds of raw material rocks have same geochemical patterns. However stone artifacts made by andesites and the raw material rocks are confirmed some differences of geochemistry. Therefore the slate stone artifacts in Sinsongri site suggest that these are domestic-type which are made of the rocks around the site, and it was understood that the andesitic stone artifacts are foreign-type which need to get more geological survey and study about different volcanic artifacts of the site around the area.

Petrological Classification and Provenance Interpretation of the Sungnyemun Stone Block Foundation, Korea PDF icon (숭례문 육축 구성석재의 암석학적 분류와 원산지 해석)

  • Jo, Young Hoon;Lee, Chan Hee;Yoo, Ji Hyun;Kang, Myeong Kyu;Kim, Duk Mun
    • Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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    • v.45 no.3
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    • pp.174-193
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    • 2012
  • This study focused on distribution ratio of stone properties based on material characteristic analysis, provenance presumption and transportation route interpretation of the Sungnyemun stone block foundation. The stone block foundation is composed of pinkish granite (56.0%), reddish granite (4.5%) and leucocratic granite (26.2%) of original stones and pinkish granite of new stones(13.3%). The rock-forming minerals for granites are consisted mainly of quartz, alkali-feldspar, plagioclase and biotite, and are similar geochemical evolution trend of major, rare earth, compatible and incompatible elements. Therefore, it is clear that the rocks are genetically same origin. As a result of magnetic susceptibility measurement, the pinkish and reddish granite of original stones and pinkish granite of new stones showed normal distribution around about 4.00(${\times}10^{-3}SI\;unit$). But the leucocratic granite of original stones were confirmed ilmenite series under about 1.00(${\times}10^{-3}SI\;unit$). As a result of provenance interpretation and transportation route analysis based on the petrological results, the provenance of pinkish granite and reddish granite of original stones are presumed the north slope in Namsan mountain and Naksan mountain. Also, the leucocratic granite of original stones and the pinkish granite of new stones are strongly possible furnished from the south and north slope in Namsan mountain and Naksan mountain, respectively.

Analysis of Ancient Document and Establishment of Petrological Database for Presumption of Stone Source Area of the Seoul City Wall, Korea (한양도성 석재공급지 추정을 위한 고문헌 분석 및 암석학적 데이터베이스 구축)

  • Jo, Young Hoon;Lee, Chan Hee
    • The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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    • v.24 no.3
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    • pp.193-207
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    • 2015
  • This study analyzed ancient documents and established petrological database through extensive field investigation of provenance sites to presume stone source areas of the Seoul City Wall. By summarizing the ancient documents, the rampart stone was mostly supplied from a stony mountain adjacent to the City Wall in the early Joseon period, whereas the stone was provided from fixed quarry outside the City Wall in the late Joseon period. As a result of the petrological investigation based on quarries recorded in the ancient documents, pinkish granite and leucogranite were distributed as a whole, and the granitoid rocks are similar in mineralogical compositions and geochemical behavior characteristics. However, the pinkish granite with magnetic-series show that the magnetic susceptibility increased from the north slope of Namsan Mountain to Bulamsan Mountain. The leucogranite with ilmenite-series mainly occurred along the boundary between granite and gneiss from Yongmasan Mountain to Inwangsan Mountain. Consequently, the important petrological indicators for presumption of stone source areas are the rock color and the magnetic susceptibility. In addition to the petrological features, the reliability for provenance interpretation should improve considering stone quantities in the quarries, transportation distance and technical skills.

Scientific Conservation Treatment and Restoration of the Monument for Jo Heon and the Soldiers in Chilbaeguichong (Chilbaeguichong Jungbongjoheonseonsaengilgunsunuibi) (칠백의총 중봉조헌선생일군순의비의 과학적 보존처리와 복원)

  • Lee, Joo-Wan;Lee, Myeong-Seong;Choi, Yong-Seok;Oh, Jeong-Hyeon;Kim, Jae-Hwan;Kim, Sa-Dug
    • Journal of Conservation Science
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    • v.26 no.2
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    • pp.191-201
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    • 2010
  • This study was focused on conservation treatment and restoration of the monument for Jo Heon and the Soldiers in Chilbaeguichong. The monument has been ruined by bombing in the era of Japanese colonial(1940) and restored in 1971. Nevertheless, it still showed serious problems such as loss of original form, structural instability, and unnatural appearance. In order to improve its conservation state, the stele basement which was lost by bombing was restored and combined with body and top stones. The broken part of the top stone was also restored with new material through provenance interpretation.