• 한국균학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.137-144
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• 1989

느타리버섯의 종내(種內) 및 종간(種間) 원형질체(原形質體) 융합(融合)을 Polyethylene Glycol (P.E.G.M.W.4,000) 처리(處理)로 성공(成功)하였다. 종내(種內) 원형질체(原形質體) 융합(融合)에서 화합성(和合性) 균주간(菌株間) 융합(融合)으로 얻은 균주(菌株)는 clamp를 형성(形成)하였으며 정상적(正常的)인 자실체(子寶體)가 발육(發育)되었으나 불화합성(不和合成) 균주간(菌株間) 융합(融合)으로 얻은 균주(菌株)는 대부분(大部分) clamp 형성(形成) 및 자실체(子實體) 발육(發育)이 이루워 지지 않았다. 종간(種間) 원형질체(原形質體) 융합률(融合率)은 l0% 내외(內外)로 종내(種內) 융합률(融合率)보다 낮았다. 융합률(融合率)과 동위효소(同位酵素) band에 의(依)한 생화학적(生化學的) 유사도(類似度)와는 서로 상관(相關)이 없었다. 종간(種間) 원형질체(原形質體) 융합(融合)의 경우도 균사체(菌絲體) 융착(融着)에 의한 교배(交配)에서 화합성(和合性)을 보인 원형질체간(原形質體間) 융합(融合)에서 얻은 융합(融合) 균주(菌株)는 정상적(正常的)인 자실체(子實體)가 발육(發育)되었으나 불화합성(不和合性) 균주간(菌株間) 융합(融合)에서 얻은 균주(菌株)는 변이(變異)로 추측되는 몇 가지 경우를 제외(除外)하고 대부분(大部分)이 clamp 형성(形成) 및 자실체(子實體) 발육(發育)이 이루워 지지 않았다.

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 한국균학회 2014년도 춘계학술대회 및 임시총회
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• pp.13-13
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• 2014

Two kinds of mushrooms, Gumji (金芝; Ganoderma) and Soji, were described in old book of Samguksagi (History of the three kingdoms; B.C 57~A.D 668; written by Bu Sik Kim in 1145) in Korea-dynasty. Many kinds of mushrooms were also described in more than 17 kinds of old books during Chosun-dynasty (1392~1910) in Korea. Nowadays, mushroom cultivation has been increased through out the world last decade years. Production of mushrooms has also been increased 10-20% and many varieties have been cultivated. Similar trends were also observed in Korea. Approximately two hundred commercial strains of 37 species in mushrooms were developed and distributed to cultivators. Somatic hybrid variety of oyster mushroom 'Wonhyeong-neutari' were developed by protoplast fusion, and distributed to grower in 1989. The fruiting body yield index of somatic hybrids of Pleurotus ranged between 27 and 155 compared to parental values of 100 and 138. In addition, more diverse mushroom varieties such as Phellinus baumi, Auricularia spp., Pleurotus ferulae, Hericium erinaceus, Hypsizigus marmoreus, Grifola frondosa, Agrocybe aegerita and Pleurotus cornucopiae have been attempted to cultivate in small scale cultivation. Production of mushrooms as food was 190,111 metric tons valued at 800 billion Korean Won (one trillion won if include mushroom factory products; 1dollar = 1,040 Won) in 2011. Major cultivated species are Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus eryngii, Flammulina velutipes, Lentinula edodes, Agaricus bisporus, and Ganoderma lucidum, which cover 90% of total production. Since mushroom export was initiated from 1960 to 1980, the export and import of mushrooms have been increased in Korea. Technology developed for liquid spawn production and automatic cultivation systems lead to the reduction of the production cost resulting in the increasement of mushroom export. However some species were imported because of high production cost for these mushrooms requiring the effective cultivation methods. Developing of effective post-harvest system will be also directly related to mushroom export. In academic area, RDA scientists have been conducting mushroom genome projects. One of the main results is the whole genome sequencing of Flammulina velutipes for molecular breeding. An electrophoretic karyotype of of F. velutipes was obtained using CHEF with 7 chromosomes, with a total genome size of approximately 26.7 Mb. The mususcript of the genome of F. velutipes was published in PLOS ONE this year. For medicinal mushrooms, we have been conducting the genome research on Cordyceps and its related species for developing functional foods using this mushroom. In 2013, Korea Food and Drug Administraion (KFDA) approved Cordyceps mushroom for its value as an immune booster.