• Bulletin of Food Technology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.69-74
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• 2004

A soy protein hydrolysate was found to inhibit rat platelet aggregation induced by ADP, an aggregating agent. To find out its principal antiplatelet peptide(s), the soy protein hydrolysate was separated successively by gel filtration chromatography, revere-phase HPLC, and cation exchange HPLC. During the course of separation, we observed that most fractions had antiplatelet effects, which suggests that most peptides have some degree of antiplatelet effect. Following the inhibitory fractions, we purified and identified two new peptides, SSGE and DEE, by LC-electrospray ionization MS and peptide equencing. Both peptides were highly hydrophilic. The concentrations to obtain 50% inhibition ($IC_50$) of the aggregation intensity were approximately $\458muM$ and $\485muM$, respectively, for SSGE and DEE.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.15-21
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• 1968

Chlorella ellipsoidea were grown in a Mg-free medium. Aliquots of the algal cell were taken out at the beginning and predetermined time intervals during the culture and were analyzed the contents of phosphate in various fractions of the cell constituents. The results obtained were compared with those of the control. When Chlorella cells were grown in a Mg-free medium, the contents of phosphate in the DNA protein, RNA-olyphosphate complex, nucleotidic-lbileP, and PCA-soluble, fractions decreased compared with those of the control, while the content of acid insoluble polyphosphate increased significantly. On the otherhand, RNA-P and lipid-P showed the tendency of decrease at the early stage of the culture, but they were increased more than those in the control as culture proceeds. It is showed that phosphate turnover from acid-insoluble polyphosphate into DNA, protein, and RNA-polyphosphate complex was inhibited by magnesium-deficiency of the cells.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Poultry Science Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.69-72
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• 2006

To investigate the manufacturing methods of surimi-like materials (SLM) from breast muscle of spent hen, the muscles were diced, chopped and washed with distilled water or sodium chloride solution at 0.1, 0.5 and 1% level and then washed with distilled water to extract myofibrillar protein. When used only distilled water to extract myofibrillar protein, washing was repeated 3 times followed by homogenization and centrifugation of breast muscle after each washing (CM; conventional method). Whereas, to extract myofibrillar protein using sodium chloride solution had sufficient to do 2 times washing by distilled water after 1 time washing by sodium chloride followed by homogenization and centrifugation of breast muscle after each washing (NM; new method). The both batter and cooked SLM gel from NM had significantly (p<0.05) lower redness compared with CM. Again, SDS-PAGE with sarcoplasmic protein fractions showed that the bands of phosphorylase had increased staining intensity in NM compared with CM. These results indicated that the brightness was related to sarcoplasmic protein fractions. SDS-PAGE with myofibrillar protein showed that the bands of myosin had increased staining intensity in NM compared with CM. Data implied that myofibrillar protein extraction with sodium chloride solution had the better adaptability for the breast muscle of spent hen then the commonly used distilled water method.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.140-146
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• 1999

Colorants in green tea were extracted freeze-dried and analyzed to investigate the possibility of using as a natural dye. Fractionation of the colorants was carried out by column chromatograpy. Colorants in green tea were eluted into five fractions. All the fractions except fraction F2 showed absorption peakat 280nm. Fraction f2 showed absorption peak at 270nm and broad peak at 350nm, From the IR analysis it is speculated that fractions F2-F5 having similar stucture but different molecular weight are catechis. Silk fabrics dyes with fractions F1-F4 showed yellowish red color while sample dyed with fraction F5 showed red color. The colorants from green tea infusion was applied to silk wool nylon cotton and rayon fabrices. It showed relatively good affinity to protein and polyamide fibers bur low affinity to cellulose and regenerated cellulose fibers.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.27-34
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• 1989

Different fractions of maize plant and whole mixed fodder were analysed for their chemical composition and dry matter digestibility (DMD). Highest crude protein (CP) values were found in leaves as compared to the other portions. Younger plants contained more CP as compared to the matured ones. The crude fiber (CF) content of various fractions of the plant ranged between 19.12 to 35.60% with maximum values in the bottom portion of the stem. Matured plants contained more CF. The analysis of cell wall constituents indicated that the maximum values for neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were found in the bottom portion and in the whole mixed plant. The highest levels of acid detergent fiber (ADF) were observed in bottom fraction followed by whole mixed plant, whereas the other plant fractions did not show any differences. Variation in acid detergent lignin (ADL) values existed in different fractions of the plant and the lowest were in the top portion of the stem. Although there existed a variation in the mineral composition of different fractions of the plants, the results were non significant. Maximum DMD was found in leaves followed by the whole mixed plant, middle and bottom portion of the stem. The values of DMD were higher in younger plants as compared to the matured ones. It may be concluded that younger plants and the upper portion of the plants have a higher nutritive value as compared to the matured plants and lower portion of the plants.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.350-357
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• 2007

This study was conducted in an effort to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and antibiotic-resistant gene regulation from Saliva miltiorrhiza Bunge on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). A variety of solvent fractions and methanol extracts of S. miltiorrhiza Bunge were tested in order to determine its antimicrobial activities against S. aureus and MRSA. As a result, the hexane fraction of S. miltiorrhiza Bunge evidenced the highest levels of antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and MRSA. The MICs of the hexane fraction against various MRSA specimens were $64. The hexane fraction evidenced inhibitory effects superior to those of the chloroform fraction. The results showed inhibition zones of hexane (16 mm) and chloroform (14 mm) fractions against MRSA KCCM 40511 at $1,000{\mu}g/disc$. The hexane and chloroform fractions inhibited the expression of the resistant genes, mecA, mecR1, and femA in mRNA. Moreover, the results of Western blotting assays indicated that the hexane and chloroform fractions inhibited the expression of the resistant protein, PBP2a. These results reveal that the hexane and chloroform fractions of S. miltiorrhiza Bunge may prove to be a valuable choice for studies targeted toward the development of new antimicrobial agents.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.130-136
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• 1994

Although alteration in protein phosphorylation by specific protein kinases is of importance in transducing cellular signals in a variety of neural/endocrine systems, little is known about protein phosphorylation in the hvpothalamus. The present study aims to explore whether activation of the second messenger-dependent protein kinases affects phosphorylation of specific proteins using a cell free phosphorylation system followed by SDS-polvacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Cytoplasmic fractions derived from hvpothalami of immature rats were used as substrates and several activators and/or inhibitors of CAMP-, phosphatidylinositol- and Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent protein kinases were assessed. Many endogenous proteins were extensively phosphorylated and depending on the signal transduction pathways, phosphorvlation profiles were markedly different. The present data indicate that extracellular signals may affect cellular events through protein phosphorylation by second messengers-protein kinases in the rat hypothalamus.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nutrition Society Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.253.2-253
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• 2001

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.449-456
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• 2014

Anti-inflammatory activity of the extracts of ginseng berry (GBE) was investigated through the evaluation of its inhibitory effect on the production of inflammatory meditator, nitric oxide(NO), tumor necrocis factor-alpha (TNF-${\alpha}$), interleukin-6 (IL-6) in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophage cells. GBE was fractionated using n-hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate, buthanol and $H_2O$, sequentially. RAW264.7 cells were induced $100ng/m{\ell}$ of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and treated with 0, 1.6, 8, 40 and $200{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of GBE fractions. LPS-induced NO production on all of GBE fractions was inhibited with increasing added concentration of GBE fractions. Chloroform fraction of GBE was the most effective in inhibiting LPS-induced TNF-${\alpha}$ production. Hexane, chloroform and $H_2O$ fractions of GBE exhibit strong inhibition LPS-induced IL-6 production. Especially, $H_2O$ fractions of GBE was the most effective in inhibiting LPD-induced IL-6 production without significant cytotoxicity in RAW264.7 cells, and reduced the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and IkB phosphorylation. These results indicate that $H_2O$ fractions of GBE exhibits strong anti-inflammatory effects by inhibition of NF-kB by inhibition of p-38 on MAPK and IkB phosphorylation.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.285-289
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• 2007

A 3% suspension of heat-stabilized defatted rice bran was treated with papain, followed by inactivating the enzyme by heat, and centrifuged. The supernatant was subjected to ultrafiltration, and fractions with various molecular sizes, F1 (>30 kDa), F2 (10-30 kDa), F3 (5-10 kDa), F4 (3-5 kDa), and F5 (3 kDa<), were freeze-dried, and evaluated for antimutagenicity by Ames test using Salmonella typhimurium TA 100 against phenazine methosulfate. The F3 fraction containing highest antimutagenicity from ultrafiltration was separated into 6 fractions by DEAE-Sephadex A-25 ion-exchange column chromatography (F3-1-F3-6). Each fractions having protein contents were pooled, dialyzed, freeze dried, and evaluated for antimutagenicity. Among the six fractions, the F3-1, F3-2, and F3-6 fractions showed antimutagenicity, which were 80.2, 53.4, and 58.6% at concentration of $100\;{\mu}g/plate$, respectively. These F3-1, F3-2, and F3-6 fractions were subjected to Sephadex G-50 gel filtration column chromatography for further purification. Among the purified fractions, the F3-1-1, F3-2-2, and F3-6-1 fractions showed antimutagenicity of 84.5, 58.6, and 69.8% at concentration of $100\;{\mu}g/plate$, respectively. It is thought that these peptides can find application for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical products.