• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.20-26
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• 1980

The purpose of this paper was to study the effect of sulpyrin on the absorption, excretion, metabolism, and protein binding of ampicillin in the small intestine of the rats and rabbits. The results are as follows; The absorption of ampicillin in small intestine of rats was increased by the combination of sulpyrin and ampicillin. The blood level of ampicillin in rabbits was elevated by oral administration of sulpyrin. The bioavailability of ampicillin was increased by simultaneous administration of sulpyrin and ampicillin. The urinary excretion of ampicillin was slightly decreased by combined administration of sulpyrin. The blood level of ampicillin was decreased and the urinary excretion was increased by long term administration of sulpyrin. On the other hand, metabolising enzyme of ampicillin was influenced by long term administration of sulpyrin. Protein binding rate of ampicillin was decreased by combination of sulpyrin as compared with control.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.91-96
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• 1993

Phycoerythrins from the ceramiaceous red algae Campylaephora crassa (Okamura) Nakamura and related species, C. hypnaeoides J. Agardh and Ceramium kondoi Yendo, were investigated for absorption spectra, protein bands by gel electrophoresis and antigenic reactivity to anti-phycoerythrin using Ouchterlony double diffusion and immunoblot. Similarities in absorption spectra, showing peaks at ca. 566 nm>534 nm>495 nm, were found between C. crassa and Cm. kondoi, while C. hypnaeoides differed slightly. There were no differences in fluorescence emission spectra and protein bands between C. crassa and related species tested. Since Ouchterlony double diffusion, however, showed that phycoerythrins from C. crassa and Cm. kondoi were similar in antigenic reactions, and differed from that of C. hypnaeoides, the taxonomic position of C. crassa should be reinvestigated using other experimental approaches.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.226-232
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• 1978

It was to investigate the absorption, excretion, protein binding of ampicillin in the pathological animals pretreated with carbon tetrachloride and mercuric chloride. The absorption of ampicillin was not affected in rats with damaged liver and kidney as compared with that of normal rats. The blood level of ampicillin after oral administration was increased significantly in rabbits with damaged kidney and liver. The blood level of ampicillin in rabbit with damaged kidney was more increased than that in rabbits with damaged liver. In severly damaged rabbits, it was more increased than that of mildly damaged rabbits. Urinary excretion of ampicillin in pathological animals was more inhibited than that of ampicillin in normals. Hepatic excretion of ampicillin was accelerated in rabbits with damaged kidney. However, in rabbits with damaged liver, it was inhibited as compared with that in normals. Protein binding of ampicillin was slightly enhanced by the various concentration of carbon tetrachloride and mercuric chloride, respectively. The results suggest that the increase of blood level of ampicillin in pathological animals was due to the inhibition of renal excretion.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.410-420
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• 1988

This study were performed to investigate effect of dietary cadmium(Cd) and protein levels on growth, body protein metabolism and Cd toxicity in growing rats. Forty eight male rats of Sprague-Dawley weighing 113$\pm$2g were blocked into 6 groups accoridng to body weight. Dietary protein were given at the levels of 7, 15 and 40% of diet and Cd (200ppm)were either added or not. The result obtained were summerized as follow; 1) Food intake, weight gain, FER PER, liver and kidney weight, weight and length of bones, hematocrit, and hemoglobin content in Cd-added groups were low than those in Cd-free groups. 2) Serum total protein showed no significant difference with Cd addition, but it was significantly lower in low protein diet groups. Liver protein in Cd-added groups was lower than Cd-free groups, and was tend to be increased with increasing dietary protein level. 3) Daily urinary and fecal nitrogen excretions in Cd-added groups were lower than Cd-free groups, and were increased with increasing dietary protein level. 4) Cadmium contents in blood, liver, kidney, and femur were tend to be decreased with increasing dietary protein level. Especially, Cd content in kidney of Cd-added groups was significantly decreased with increasing dietary protein level. 5) Daily urinary and fecal Cd excretions were tend to be increased with increasing dietary protein level, and Cd-added-high protein diet group showed the highest Cd excretion among the Cd-added groups, Cd absorption ration and Cd retention ratio were tend to be decreased with increasing dietary protein level.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.297-302
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• 2015

Calcium is one of the essential mineral for the humans due to its crucial physiological functions in the body. Calcium deficiency results in many diseases, such as osteoporosis. Therefore, calcium supplements are available as a functional food. However, most calcium supplements in the market have a limitation due to poor absorption and low bioavailability. Thus, calcium-chelated peptides for improving the absorption rate of calcium have been isolated from foods including porcine meat and bone meal (MBM), and mussel using the enzymatic hydrolysis of their protein. The hydrolysates of food were ultra-filtered in order to obtain small peptides less than 3 kDa and the Ca-binding peptides were isolated via the anion exchange chromatography. The binding activity and concentration of Ca-binding pepetides were determined. In particular, the MBM and mussel protein hydrolysates were fractionated by mono Q and Q-Sepharose, respectively. As a result, among the fractions, the fractions of MBM F2 and mussel F3 showed the highest Ca-binding activity. These results suggest that MBM and mussel protein hydrolysates can be used as calcium supplements.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.29-40
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• 2004

This study was performed to investigate and assess the composition of mineral and macronutrient contents in Korean cow′s milk.48 individual farm raw milk, 10 plant raw milk and 29 market milk were collected from June to August in 2003. The minerals such as calcium(Ca), potassium(K), magnesium(Mg), sodium(Na), zinc(Zn), iron(Fe) and phosphorus(P) were determined by using atomic absorption spectrometer(AAS). The macronutrients such as fat, protein and lactose were tested by using IR spectrometer. The obtained analytical results of minerals(mg/100 g) and rnaetronutrients (％) are as follows：1. In case of raw cow′s milk ； Ca 113.56, K 144.09, Mg 10.86, Na 42.53, Zn 0.42, Fe 0.030, p 113.32, fat 3.85, protein 3.08, lactose 4.80,2. In case of market cow′s milk ; Ca 103.04, K 142.46, Mg 10.27, Na 43.21, Zn 0.40, Fe 0.034. p 97.30, fat 3.78, protein 3.05, lactose 4.70,3. In case of fortified market cow′s milk ; Ca 165.40, K 145.79, Mg 10.57. Na 42.55, Zn 0.57, Fe 0.414, p 94.68, fat 3.74, protein 3.08, lactose 4.68,4. In case of processed market cow′s milk ; Ca 134.72, K 142.74, Mg 10.33, Na 45.07, Zn 0.50, Fe 0.650, p 92.48, fat 3.72, protein 3.07, lactose 4.74. According to the group of market milk(milk, fortified market row′s milk, processed market cow′s milk), the mean concentration of Ca and Fe were significantly higher in fortified and processed milk than milk(p<0.05). There were no significant differences in macronutrient(fat, protein, lactose) and mineral contents between pasteurized milk and UHT(ultra high temperature) treated milk($\alpha$=0.05). The labeled "Nutritional Facts" of market milk were satisfied with "Labeling Standards for Livestock Products of Korea". The measured mean concentrations of Ca, Fe, Zn were generally higher than lower limit of labeled value(above 80% of labeled value). The mean concentration of sodium was lower than upper limit of labeled value(below 120％ of labeled value).

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.924-930
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• 1999

To extract insoluble proteins and improve physical properties of proteins, the sesame meal proteins was irradiated with $5\;kGy{\sim}20\;kGy$ at room temperature. The highest extraction rate of sesame meal protein was showed at irradiation dose of 5 kGy. The foaming capacity, foaming stability, emulsion capacity and emulsion stability of gamma irradiated sesame meal protein (GISP) were all increased as compared to those of the non-irradiated protein. Water absorption capacity of GISP was similar to that of non-irradiated protein and oil absorption capacity of GISP was decreased after treatment by gamma irradiation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.519-524
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• 1992

purified rapeseed(Brassica napus var. Youngsan) protein was hydrolyzed by pronase. The hyrolysate protein was investigated for the some physicochemical and functional properties. UV and intrinsic fluorescence spectra of the hydrolysate showed the maximum absorption at 274nm and 360nm respectively. Intensity of yellow color decreased in the process of hydrolysis and the surface hydrophobicity decreased up to fourfold. The main bands of hydrolysate by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE) were observed at 14,000 to 12,000 dalton molecular weight. Solubilities of hydrolyzed protein increased by 10~15% compared to those of unhydrolyzed protein at acidic pH. In the hydrolysate, while absorption of both water and oil, foam expansion and emulsion stability were increased, absolute viscosity, heat coagulation, calcium coagulation, foam stability and emulsion activity were decreased.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.708-715
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• 1995

Effect of enzymatic modification with pepsin, papain and trypsin was studied on functional properties of isolated sesame meal protein hydrolysates. Solubility of protein hydrolysates distinctively increased from 2% to $53{\sim}94%$ at pH 4. Emulsifying properties showed marked increase 6 fold and 4.5 fold at degree of 10%, 20% hydrolysis by trypsin and degree of 10% hydrolysis by papain. The emulsion stability of the protein was unstable by heat treatment for 30 min. at $80^{\circ}C$. Foaming properties were also enhanced by enzymatic hydrolysis except at degree of 30% hydrolysis. Bulk density and water absorption of protein with trypsin and papain decreased about 0.1 g/ml and $0.3{\sim}0.7\;ml/g$, but oil absorption was increased about 1 ml/g.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.551-558
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• 1991

We investigated the physicochemical and functinal properties of rapeseed(Brassica napus var. Youngsan) protein prepared by combining various soluvent and purification procedures, such as ultrafiltration (UF) concentration and acid-washin. The lightness value(YCIE) of each protein was greadully improved and its hydrophobicity increased by the degree of purification. The analysis of each protein by sodium dodecyl sulfate-plyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) had nine bands revealed without difference, the considerable portion of which were of $1.96~1.59{\times}10^4$ dalton molecular weight. The content of amino acid increased a little more in the other processed proteins than in the control, and decreased considerably in the proteins extracted by the mixed solvent of 1% sodium hexametaphosphate(SHMP) and 0.25M ethlene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA). The better proteins were purified, the lower the kinematic viscosities were in their values. The water absorption and foaming properties were scarcely different according to the processes. The oil absorption and the emulsion activity index normally increased according to the degree of purification. The properties of heat coagulation revealed high values only in the proteins processed by EDTA while they showed considerably low values the other proteins.