• 제목/요약/키워드: Protective factor

검색결과 793건 처리시간 0.025초

농약방제복 착용실태 및 만족도에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Wearing Condition and Satisfaction of Pesticide Protective Clothing)

  • 오영순;이경숙;채혜선;김경란;김성우
    • 한국의상디자인학회지
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    • 제16권4호
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    • pp.217-228
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    • 2014
  • The purpose of this study is to grasp inconveniences and improvements by examining wearing condition and satisfaction of protective clothing targeting 114 Korean farmers and to suggest basic data for enhancement of pattern and wearing satisfaction of protective clothing by understanding problems of pesticide-proof clothing through comparative analysis on the size of its commercial products. Most of male subjects were in charge of spraying pesticide, whereas female were most likely to play an assistant role to hold the hose of pesticide applicator. Both of female and male subjects were very aware of the harmful effect of pesticide on human body and tried to take off the clothes immediately after spraying it to reduce possible damage caused by pesticide. As a result of examining wearing condition, the farmers avoided wearing protective clothing because that it feels hot, stuffy, and uncomfortable to move. This hesitant response of wearing the clothing was not shown significantly in case of female subjects who play an assistant role for spraying. Although the farmers wore protective equipments such as mask or gloves in a proper way as compared to protective clothing, they seemed to choose alternative way rather than best way to block pesticide completely. The satisfaction regarding to the fitting of protective clothing which the subjects showed low in all items of upper-lower clothes except waistline. It is necessary to improve the functionality such as relief from heat stress and convenience for movement rather than design or economic in protective clothing development. As a result of comparing the size of five kinds of commercial protective clothing, the farmers got confused to choose the product since designation method of size across companies showed a significant difference in an identical clothing size. In addition, the sizing system developed on a basis of a well-built man has become a hindering factor in wearing satisfaction of female farmers.

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포화를 방지하기 위한 보호용 철심 변류기 설계 방법 (A Design Method of Iron-cored CTs To Prevent Satruation)

  • 이주훈;강상희;강용철;이승재;배주천;안준기;이청학;이정택
    • 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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    • 제48권2호
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    • pp.119-126
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    • 1999
  • Current transformer (CT) saturation may cause a variety of protective relays to malfunction. The conventional CT is designed that it can carry up to 20 times the rated current without exceeding 10% ratio error. However, the possibility of CT saturation still remains if the fault current contains substantial amounts of ac and/or dc components. This paper presents a design method of iron-cored CTs for use with protective relays to prevent CT saturation. The proposed design method determines the core cross section of the CT; it employs the transient dimensioning factor to consider relay's operating time (duty cycle) and dc component as well as ac components contained in the fault current, and symmetrical short-circuit current factor to consider as well as ac components contained in the fault current, and symmetrical short-circuit current factor to consider the biggest fault current. The method designs the cross section of CTs in cases of reclosure and no reclosure.

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Saccharomyces cerevisiae의 베타-1,3-글루칸 합성효소 체계의 특성 (Properties of $\beta$-1,3-glucan Synthase System in Saccharomyces cerevisiae)

  • 박희문;김정윤;김성욱;복성해
    • 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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    • 제23권3호
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    • pp.316-321
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    • 1995
  • Some properties of $\beta$-1, 3-glucan synthase system in Saccharamyces cerevisiae were investigated. By extraction with detergent and salt, the membrane preparations could be dissociated into two components, one soluble, the other still membrane bound. Both components, in addition to GTP, were necessary for the activity of $\beta$-1, 3-glucan synthase like other fungi. The protective effect of guanosine nucleotides on the soluble factor pointed to the possibility that this fraction contained a GTP-binding protein. Addition of increasing amounts of soluble factor to a constant amount of insoluble catalytic factor, vice versa, gave rise to a saturation curve. These results, including different types of evidence, indicate that the soluble factor and the catalytic factor form a complex.

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철골 단면형상에 따른 내화구조의 실험적 연구 (An experimental study for fire protective coating structure according to Shape factor)

  • 옥치열;박진오;전수민
    • 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국화재소방학회 2013년도 추계학술대회 초록집
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    • pp.153-154
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    • 2013
  • 내화구조로 인정을 받은 국내의 철골조 기둥의 경우 대다수가 H형강에 내화제품을 피복한 구조이다. 본 연구에서는 한국산업표준에서 제시하고 있는 단면형상계수를 기준으로 H형강 인정구조와 다양한 단면의 내화구조의 비교실험을 통해 국내 인정제도를 개선하기 위한 자료로 활용하고자 하였다.

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비만성인의 건강관련 행위 -Johnson의 행위체계 모형 적용- (Health Behavior of the Obese Adult - Based on the Johnson's Behavioral System Model)

  • 김정희;윤순녕
    • 지역사회간호학회지
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    • 제8권2호
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    • pp.277-288
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    • 1997
  • The purpose of this study is to identify the behavioral subsystems of the obese adult and contribute to the utility of Johnson's Behavioral System Model. The subjects were 167 obese adults in out-patients clinics of 2 hospitals and health clinics for 4 companies. These data were collected by a structured questionnaire with 52 items from July 1 to Sep. 30, 1995. The instrument used for this study was modified from the DBSM -self reporting instrument (1983) and Grubbs(1980)'s. The reliability of this method was cronbach's ${\alpha}$=.8476 and the construct validity of it was accepted by using a factor analysis. These data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, factor analysis, pearson's correlation coefficient, Kruskal-Wallis with an SPSS PC+ Program. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The 9 behavioral subsystems of the obese were indentified : sex-related, attachment-affiliative I(social), dependency, ingestive, eliminative, restorative, aggressive-protective, attachment-affiliative and II (familial), an achievement behavioral subsystem. 2. Out of 9 subsystems, the highest significant positive correlation between dependency and acheivement subsystem was found(r=.5357, p<.01), The next, attachment-affiliative I and attachment-affiliative II subsystem was correlated significantly (r=.4526, p<.01). Significant positive correlations among sex-related, achivement, attachment-affiliative I, II, dependency, restorative, and aggressive-protective subsystems were found. But, ingestive and eliminative subsystems were not correlated with the above seven subsystems significantly, only the positive correlation between the ingestive and eliminative subsystems was found. 3. The explained variance of the 9 subsystems was explained as 56.1% out of a total of one. The sex-related subsystem was the first factor explaining 16.3% of the total variance and then the next 8 factors which resulted in 39.8%. According to the results of this study, the suggestions were as follows: 1. In the nursing practice, nursing assessmentand intervention of the obese should be in cluded not only in ingestive and eliminative subsystems but also in sex-related, attachment-affiliative I, dependency, restorative, aggressive-protective, attachment -affiliative II, and achievement behavioral subsystem. 2. Concerning instruments, some items to measure the eliminative, dependency, and aggressive-protective behavioral subsystems with relatively reliability are needed. 3. Johnson's concept of a dependency subsystem should be clarified. 4. Correlation among the 7 subsystems, and the ingestive and eliminative subsystems should be clarified.

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Antioxidative effects of Kimchi under different fermentation stage on radical-induced oxidative stress

  • Kim, Boh Kyung;Choi, Ji Myung;Kang, Soon Ah;Park, Kun Young;Cho, Eun Ju
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • 제8권6호
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    • pp.638-643
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    • 2014
  • BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Kimchi is a traditional Korean fermented vegetable containing several ingredients. We investigated the protective activity of methanol extract of kimchi under different fermentation stages against oxidative damage. MATERIALS/METHODS: Fresh kimchi (Fresh), optimally ripened kimchi (OptR), and over ripened kimchi (OvR) were fermented until the pH reached pH 5.6, pH 4.3, and pH 3.8, respectively. The radical scavenging activity and protective activity from oxidative stress of kimchi during fermentation were investigated under in vitro and cellular systems using LLC-$PK_1$ cells. RESULTS: Kimchi exhibited strong radical scavenging activities against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, nitric oxide, superoxide anion, and hydroxyl radical. In addition, the free radical generators led to loss of cell viability and elevated lipid peroxidation, while treatment with kimchi resulted in significantly increased cell viability and decreased lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, the protective effect against oxidative stress was related to regulation of cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ p65, and $I{\kappa}B$ expression. In particular, OvR showed the strongest protective effect from cellular oxidative stress among other kimchi. CONCLUSION: The current study indicated that kimchi, particularly OptR and OvR, played a protective role against free radical-induced oxidative stress. These findings suggest that kimchi is a promising functional food with an antioxidative effect and fermentation of kimchi led to elevation of antioxidative activity.

융합적 가족 기능과 청소년 보호요인의 매개검증에 관한 연구 (A Study on Convergence Family Function and parameter validation fusion of youth protection factor)

  • 장춘옥
    • 한국융합학회논문지
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    • 제6권4호
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    • pp.121-126
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    • 2015
  • 한국청소년패널(2008)의 중2 패널 5차년도 자료를 가지고 기술통계 분석과 회귀분석을 실시하여 가족의 기능적 결손이라는 위험상황에서 위험요인, 보호요인, 심리적응 간의 관계와 보호요인의 매개효과의 기제를 검증하고, 심리적응 수준이 높은 청소년을 보호해주는 보호요인을 분석하는 데에 그 목적이 있다. 분석방법으로는 대상자의 빈도분석과 개인특성에 따른 차이를 알아보기 위해 PASW(Predictive Analytics Software) 18.0을 이용해 t검증을 실시하였다. 또한 적응에 대한 보호요인의 작용 검증을 위하여 위계적 회귀분석을 실시하여 매개효과를 검증하였다. 연구결과 사회복지실천 현장에서 청소년의 위험요인에 초점을 맞추기보다는 위험요인을 완화시키는 과정이나 보호요인에 초점을 맞춤으로써 위험요인에 노출된 청소년을 바라보는 시각을 전환시킬 수 있으며 이들에 대한 개입도 달라질 것으로 판단된다. 사회복지실천 현장에서 청소년의 위험요인에 초점을 맞추기보다는 위험요인을 완화시키는 과정이나 보호요인에 초점을 맞춤으로써 위험요인에 노출된 청소년을 바라보는 시각을 전환시킬 수 있다. 또한, 가족의 기능적 결손이라는 어려움을 경험하는 청소년을 대상으로 사회복지 실천적 개입 방향을 마련 할 수 있는 기초를 마련한 것으로 판단된다.

Protective role of oligonol from oxidative stress-induced inflammation in C6 glial cell

  • Ahn, Jae Hyun;Choi, Ji Won;Choi, Ji Myung;Maeda, Takahiro;Fujii, Hajime;Yokozawa, Takako;Cho, Eun Ju
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • 제9권2호
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    • pp.123-128
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    • 2015
  • BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Natural products or active components with a protective effect against oxidative stress have attracted significant attention for prevention and treatment of degenerative disease. Oligonol is a low molecular weight polyphenol containing catechin-type monomers and oligomers derived from Litchi chinensis Sonn. We investigated the protective effect and its related mechanism of oligonol against oxidative stress. MATERIALS/METHODS: Oxidative stress in C6 glial cells was induced by hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) and the protective effects of oligonol on cell viability, nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) synthesis, and mRNA expression related to oxidative stress were determined. RESULTS: Treatment with oligonol inhibited NO and ROS formation under cellular oxidative stress in C6 glial cells. In addition, it recovered cell viability in a dose dependent-manner. Treatment with oligonol also resulted in down-regulated mRNA expression related to oxidative stress, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-${\kappa}B$) p65, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), compared with the control group treated with $H_2O_2$. In particular, expression of NF-${\kappa}B$ p65, COX-2, and iNOS was effectively reduced to the normal level by treatment with $10{\mu}g/mL$ and $25{\mu}g/mL$ of oligonol. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that oligonol has protective activity against oxidative stress-induced inflammation. Oligonol might be a promising agent for treatment of degenerative diseases through inhibition of ROS formation and NF-${\kappa}B$ pathway gene expression.

1.5kW급 System Power Module용 Power Factor Correction IC 설계 (Design of Power Factor Correction IC for 1.5kW System Power Module)

  • 김형우;서길수;김기현;박현일;김남균
    • 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한전자공학회 2008년도 하계종합학술대회
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    • pp.499-500
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    • 2008
  • In this paper, we design and implement the monolithic power factor correction IC for system power modules using a high voltage(50V) CMOS process. The power factor correction IC is designed for power applications, such as refrigerator, air-conditioner, etc. It includes low voltage logic, 5V regulator, analog control circuit, high-voltage high current output drivers, and several protection circuits. And also, the designed IC has standby detection function which detects the output power of the converter stage and generates system down signal when load device is under the standby condition. The simulation and experimental results show that the designed IC acts properly as power factor correction IC with efficient protective functions.

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Zero Cross Detection Power Factor Correction IC 설계 (Design of Zero Cross Detection Power Factor Correction IC)

  • 서길수;김형우;김기현;박현일;김남균;박주성
    • 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한전자공학회 2008년도 하계종합학술대회
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    • pp.519-520
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    • 2008
  • In this paper, we design and implement the monolithic zero crossing detection power factor correction IC using a high voltage 30V BCD process. The ZCD PFC IC is designed for power applications, such as notebook, LCD monitor, etc. It includes power factor correction function and several protection circuit, regulator, high-voltage high current output drivers. And also, the designed IC has restart timer function which the output pulse is generated if the output signal of IC is not in a 200us. The simulation results show that the designed IC acts properly as power factor correction IC with efficient protective functions.

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