• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.23-31
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• 2018

In recent years, as the development of construction technology and population increase, buildings are becoming more complex and high-rise. These large scale buildings are difficult to secure fire and evacuation safety when fire occurs. So it is necessary to prepare specific measures. According to this situation, in 2011, Republic of Korea officially launched Performance-based Design in "Fire-fighting system Installation business Act". But even 6 years passed since the enforcement, there are still faces manifold problems in the course of implementation. In order to examine the necessary improvements, in this study, I conducted interviews and questionnaires with experts, investigated the improvement items under current laws. And draw up a measures for that items. The subjects of the survey were fire-fighting officer, professional engineer fire fighting, fire protection planner and professor in Daegu. As a result of twice surveys, a total of 19 items are derived. And then compared and analyzed the criteria of overseas countries, and suggested improvement directions for final items. In addition, conducted a third questionnaire survey on the proposed improvement direction to verify the appropriateness of the alternative. The results of this study will be used as basic data to deal with the general problems of performance-based design in future, and further study on each item will be needed.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.241-248
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the rights guarantee of people with mental illness among mental care facility workers. The subjects of this study were 132 mental care facility workers, and the research tools were rights and protection-related characteristics, rights recognition, and rights guarantee. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple linear regression using the SPSS/WIN 24.0 program. The result showed that the difference in rights guarantee relating to general characteristics were significant differences in religion. There were significant positive correlations among rights recognition and rights guarantee. The factors influencing the rights guarantee were rights recognition, recognizing the need to advocate rights, and religion. Based on the research results, it is necessary to improve recognition and actively advocate rights through continuous education in order to strengthen the rights guarantee of people with mental illness. Enhancement of rights guarantee will help people with mental disorder recover.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.244-248
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• 2021

Background: Sunburn is the main avoidable cause of skin cancer. Beach lifeguards spend many hours exposed to the effects of solar radiation during their work day, precisely at times of the year when levels of solar irradiation are highest. The aim of this study is to quantify the risk to beach lifeguards of sun exposure. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in the Western Costa del Sol, southern Spain, during the summer of 2018. The research subjects were recruited during a skin cancer prevention course for beach lifeguards. All participants were invited to complete a questionnaire on their habits, attitudes, and knowledge related to sun exposure. In addition, ten were specially monitored using personal dosimeters for three consecutive days, and the results were recorded in a photoprotection diary. A descriptive analysis (mean and standard deviation for the quantitative variables) was performed, and inter-group differences were evaluated using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: Two hundred fifteen lifeguards completed the questionnaire, and 109 met the criteria for inclusion in this analysis. The mean age was 23.8 years (SD: 5.1), 78.0% were male, 71.5% were phototype III or IV (Fitzpatrick's phototype), and 77.1% had experienced at least one painful sunburn during the previous summer. The mean daily personal ultraviolet exposure per day, the minimal erythema dose, and the standard erythema dose, in J/m², were 634.7 [standard deviation (SD): 356.2], 2.5 (SD: 1.4) and 6.35 (SD: 3.6), respectively. Conclusion: Beach lifeguards receive very high doses of solar radiation during the work day and experience correspondingly high rates of sunburn. Intervention strategies to modify their sun exposure behavior and working environment are necessary to reduce the risk of skin cancer for these workers and to promote early diagnosis of the disease.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.39-48
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• 2022

Purpose : This study aimed to determine the experiences of the disaster response team 9 participants who participated in the disaster after the fire incident occurred in Jecheon Sports Center and their meaning and essence. Methods : Nine disaster response teams were the subjects of the study, and Individual in-depth interviews were conducted. Data were collected online between January 6 and April 30, 2021, from the software Zoom^TM. This study was conducted as a qualitative study by applying Giorgi's phenomenological experiential research method, which has an advantage in revealing the essential structure and meaning of experience. Results : Three major themes were derived from the study results: the stimulus through unfamiliar experiences, the grievances due to work environment and regional characteristics, and dullness resulting from hiding and enduring. The following 17 sub-themes were identified: learning through unfamiliar experiences, frustration due to unexpected circumstances, shock from unfamiliar experiences, doing my best in the present, confidence due to increased experience, disunified system, intervention of various interests, the atmosphere that puts responsibility on others, inactive help, unforgettable regional characteristics, working without time to settle, tolerating it in my own way, memories left in the unconsciousness, sudden suffering from memories that come to mind, movement in anxiety and tension, dullness, work with colleagues in the same situation. Conclusion : This study is meaningful in that it attempted to provide basic data in preparing a long-term strategy for effective policy direction and institutional protection based on the systematic mental health management of the disaster response team. Additionally, this study's results can be used as primary data for future research among Disaster Response Team.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.23-31
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• 2022

Recently, the importance of the role of the university information security department in nurturing security experts to defend against cyber attacks is increasing day by day. The current university security curriculum has a problem in that the proportion of theoretical education is high and the professionalism of practical education is relatively low. This study analyzed the recent educational programs of domestic and foreign security education institutions for the purpose of improving the practical ability of the Department of Security, designing a class model suitable for the core specialization process, and suggesting the direction. The proposed model improves the existing problems of basic class connection and security practice curriculum roadmap, and additionally explains the practice program of the five core specialized subjects. This study intends to contribute to the improvement of the quality of the curriculum and educational model of each university's security department.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.135-141
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• 2010

Purpose : The patients who visited this department for pulmonary disease and need CT scans for Follow-up to observe change of CT value, evaluation of image quality and decrease of radiation dose as change of kVp. Subjects and Methods : Subjects were the patients of 20 persons visited this department for pulmonary disease and Somatom Sensation 16(Semens, Enlarge, Germany) was used. Measurement of CT value as change of kVp was done by setting up ROI diameter of 1cm at the height of thyroid, aortic arch, right pulmonary artery in arterial phase image using 100 kVp, measuring 3 times, and recorded the average. CT value of phantom was measured by scanning phantoms which means contrast media diluted by normal saline by various ratio with tube voltage of 80 kVp, 100 kVp, 120 kVp, 140 kVp and recorded the average of 3 CT values of center of phantom image. In analysing radiation dose, CTDIVOL values of the latest arterial phase image of 120 kVp and as this research set that of 100 kVp were analyzed comparatively. 2 observers graded quality of chest images by 5 degrees (Unacceptable, Suboptimal, Adequate, Good, Excellent). Results : CT value of chest image increased at 100 kVp by 14.06%~27.26% in each ROI than 120 kVp. CT value of phantom increased as tube voltage lowered at various concentration of contrast media. CTDIVOL decreased at 100 kVp(5.00 mGy) by 36% than 120 kVp(7.80 mGy) in radiation dose analysis. here were 0 Unacceptable, 1 Suboptimal, 3 Adequate, 10 Good, 6 Excellent in totally 20 persons. Conclusion : Chest CT scanning with low kilo-voltage for patients who need CT scan repeatedly can bring images valuable for diagnose, and decrease radiation dose against patients.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.77-86
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• 2008

This study attempted to provide reference materials for improving the behavior level in radiation safety managements by drawing a prediction model that affects the radiation safety management behavior because the radiation safety management of medical Cyclotrons, which can be used to produce radioisotopes, is an important factor that protects radiation caused diseases not only for radiological operators but average users. In addition, this study obtained follows results through the investigation applied from January 2 to January 30, 2008 for the radiation safety managers employed in 24 authorized organizations, which have already installed Cyclotrons, through applying a specific form of questionnaire in which the validity was guaranteed by reference study, site investigation, and focus discussion by related experts. The radiation safety management were configured as seven steps: Step 1 is a production preparation step, Step 2 is an RI production step, Step 3 is a synthesis step, Step 4 is a distribution step, Step 5 is a quality control step, Step 6 is a carriage container packing step, and Step 7 is a transportation step. it was recognized that the distribution step was the most exposed as 15 subjects (62.5%), the items of 'the sanction and permission related works' and 'the guarantee of installation facilities and production equipments' were the most difficult as 9 subjects (37.5%), and In the trouble steps in such exposure, the item of 'the synthesis and distribution' steps were 4 times, respectively (30.8%). In the score of the behavior level in radiation safety managements, the minimum and maximum scores were 2.42 and 4.00, respectively, and the average score was $3.46{\pm}0.47$ out of 4. Prosperity and well-being programs in the behavior and job in radiation safety managements (r=0.529) represented a significant correlation statistically. In the drawing of a prediction model based on the factors that affected the behavior in radiation safety managements, general characteristics, organization characteristics, and selfefficacy didn't show a significant path statistically in which the prosperity and well-being programs in job characteristics affected the behavior in radiation safety managements. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a strategy that improves the level of prosperity and well-being levels in job characteristics in order to increase the behavior in radiation safety managements. Thus, this study provides basic materials for the radiation safety management of Cyclotron through the full-scale investigation that is first applied in Korea.

• The Journal of KAIRB
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.37-48
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to assess the operational status and level of understanding among IRB and HRPP staffs at a hospital or a research institute to the HRPP guideline set by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS) and to provide recommendations. Methods: Online survey was distributed among members of Korean Association of IRB (KAIRB) through each IRB office. The result was separated according to topic and descriptive statistics was used for analysis. Result: Survey notification was sent out to 176 institutions and 65 (37.1%) institutions answered the survey by online. Of 65 institutions that answered the survey; 83.1% was hospital, 12.3% was university, 3.1% was medical college, 1.5% was research institution. 23 institutions (25.4%) established independent HRPP offices and 39 institutions (60.0%) did not. 12 institutions (18.5%) had separate IRB and HRPP heads, 21 (32.3%) institutions separated business reporting procedure and person in charge, 12 institutions separated the responsibility of IRB and HRPP among staff, and 45 institutions (69.2%) had audit & non-compliance managers. When asked about the most important basic task for HRPP, 23% answered self-audit. And according to 43.52%, self-audit was also the most by both institutions that operated HRPP and institutions that did not. When basic task performance status was analyzed, on average, the institutions that operated HRPP was 14% higher than institutions that only operated IRB. 9 (13.8%) institutions were evaluated and obtained HRPP accreditation from MFDS and the most common reason for obtaining the accreditation was to be selected as Institution for the education of persons conducting clinical trial (6 institutions). The most common reason for not obtaining HRPP accreditation was because of insufficient staff and limited capacity of the institution (28%). Institutions with and without a plan to be HRPP accredited by MFDS were 20 (37.7%) each. 34 institutions (52.3%) answered HRPP evaluation method and accreditation by MFDS was appropriate while 31 institutions (47.7%) answered otherwise. 36 institutions answered that HRPP evaluation and accreditation by MFDS was credible while 29 institutions (44.5%) answered that HRPP evaluation method and accreditation by MFDS was not credible. Conclusion: 1. MFDS's HRPP accreditation program can facilitate the main objective of HRPP and MFDS's HRPP accreditation program should be encouraged to non-tertiary hospitals by taking small staff size into consideration and issuing accreditation by segregating accreditation. 2. While issuing Institution for the education of persons conducting clinical trial status as a benefit of MFDS's HRPP accreditation program, it can also hinder access to MFDS's HRPP accreditation program. It should also be considered that the non-contact culture during COVID-19 pandemic eliminated time and space limitation for education. 3. For clinical research conducted internally by an institution, internal audit is the most effective and sole method of protecting safety and right of the test subjects and integrity for research in Korea. For this reason, regardless of the size of the institution, an internal audit should be enforced. 4. It is necessary for KAIRB and MFDSto improve HRPP awareness by advocating and educating the concept and necessity of HRPP in clinical research. 5. A new HRPP accreditation system should be setup for all clinical research with human subjects, including Investigational New Drug (IND) application in near future.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.123-148
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• 2012

Deforestation and forest degradation in Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) accelerated from the mid 1980s through the economic crisis in 1990s and is still happening. DPRK has conducted afforestation and reforestation activities against this trend. However there are not many official documents on achievement of forest rehabilitation in DPRK. "Rodong Shinmun," as an official newspaper published by North Korean Workers Party, represents governmental policies and is one of a few accessible information on DPRK which is available in Republic of Korea (ROK). This paper aims to investigate the national forest policies of the DPRK represented in Rodong Shinmun. Total of 499 articles using the word 'Sanlim (forest)' and 'Rimsan (forest product)' in the title of articles were selected for content analysis. The national forest plans and forest policy instruments contained in the selected articles were analyzed. The subjects of represented forest policies were classified into four groups; forestation, forest management, land management and forest protection or conservation. The focus of forest policy was changed from economic utilization of forest resources such as timber production in the 1990s to forest protection in the 2000s. Rodong Shinmun reported more frequently about regulatory instruments and informational instruments than the economic instruments. Official commendation and awards were the main incentives given to the people who contributed to forestry achievements. In particular, forest policies were emphasized by Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il and afforestation and forest protection were described as patriotic activities in the Rodong Shinmun. In conclusion, this research revealed that Rodong Shinmun plays a role as a means for introducing, propagating and instigating forest policies in the society of the DPRK. The findings help to understand the forest policies of the DPRK which could be useful when designing development aids for DPRK.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.471-479
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• 2011

This research, which was conducted for dental hygienists, intended to check out what factors have an influence on their behaviors by measuring the level of self-efficacy and consciousness on the use of radiation, knowledge and attitude on radiation safety management(RSM). The subjects were 235 of the dental hygienists and this study performed a survey 8 May to 17 June, 2011. The survey results were as follows. 1. As a result of comparing the average of the self-efficacy according to the general characteristics, a statistically meaningful difference(p<0.05) was found according to health condition, protection facilities condition. 2. As a result of comparing the average of consciousness about radiation use according to the general characteristics, a statistically meaningful difference(p<0.05) was found according to medical institute type, protection facilities conditions. 3. As a result of comparing the average of the behaviors for RSM according to the general characteristics, a statistically meaningful difference(p<0.05) was found according to monthly income, medical institute type, whether or not education on radiation was conducted, the number of education, education type, and protection facilities condition. 4. As a result of analyzing what factors have an influence on the behaviors for RSM by employing the points of those behaviors as a dependent variable and self-efficacy, consciousness, knowledge and attitude as an independent variable in order to investigate those factors, it turned out that the factors which had a relatively larger influence on the point of behaviors were attitude and self-efficacy by that order(p<0.05). In conclusion, we believe that a variety of programs should be offered to provide knowledge on RSM as a prerequisite for improving the level of RSM behaviors by dental hygienists.