• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.159-167
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• 2020

For modern people who spend most of their time indoors, the indoor environment is very important. The efficiency of work depends on the amenity level of the occupants who use the office space. Therefore, the experiment was conducted to derive the proper illuminance according to the amenity level of the occupants. The experiment was conducted in an office in Chilgok County for 6 days. The illuminance of the indoor was changed every day, the feeling brightness of the occupants was measured every 10 minutes, the eye fatigue was measured every 30 minutes, and the overall illuminance and the work surface illuminance were measured every hour. Experimental results show that the feeling brightness is different depending on the position of the occupants. Also, it was found that the brightness survey preferred by the occupants required more proper illuminance than the brightness. In addition, it is considered that there is a correlation with indoor temperature and humidity as the eye fatigue of occupants. Brightness preference by time of day was analysis from feeling brightness of occupants and preference brightness of occupants, and then it was analyzed like eye fatigue to derive proper illuminance per hour. Based on these results, it can be utilized for improvement of eye amenity existing office space.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.1147-1154
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• 2011

Auto exposure (AE) in image signal processor (ISP) controls brightness of input image to the proper brightness when it is too dark or bright. But conventional AEs often fail to get proper brightness since AE controls only average brightness of image. Especially in applications that require object recognition, it cannot be solved the problem by AE of ISP. In this paper proposes Histogram Equalization (HE) processes that is the alternative of AE. It also proposes proper method to realize hardware and compensate HE problems conventional by using simple calculation.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.34-42
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• 1997

This study was carried out to investigate the proper cooking conditions of soda-anthraquinone and alkaline sulfite-anthraquinone pulping of rice-straw, and get basic data f9r the use of rice-straw chemical pulp through the test of characteristics and physical properties of pulps made in the various cooking conditions From the experimental results , we can conclude as follows. In the soda-anthraquinone pulping of rice-straw, the optimum cooking conditions were 60 min. at $150^{\circ}C$ in the amount of caustic soda of 20% with the addition of anthraquinone(0.05%). And total yield, Kappa No. and brightness of pulp made in the condition above mentioned were 41.9%, 7.7 and 51.1 respectively. In the alkaline sulfite-anthraquinone pulping of rice-straw, the proper mixing ratio of cooking chemical(caustic soda : sodium sulfite) was 50:50. And the optimum cooking conditions were 60 min. at $150^{\circ}C$ in the amount of cooking chemical of 20% with the addition of anthraquinone(0.05%). At that time, the total yield, Kappa No, and brightness of pulp were 50.1%, 9.1 and 40.2 respectively. As a result, the alkaline sulfite-anthraquinone pulping was superior to the soda-anthraquinone pulping in the aspect of yield, but inferior in the viewpoints of Kappa No. and brightness. For the comparison of qualities of pulps made in the various cooking methods and conditions, the physical properties of four sorts of pulps were tested. As a result, soda-anthraquinone pulps were superior to alkaline sulfite-anthraquinone pulps in the various strengths excluding tear strength and brightness. On the other hand, pulps made in the condition of addition of cooking chemical of 20% were superior to pulps in the dosage of 15% in the aspects of all the strengths and brightness.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.46-54
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• 2005

The Purpose of this research was focused on analyzing how costume was exactly researched for film in comparison with the original Renaissance costume, and how to change the degree of brightness and chroma in costume of two films, 'Shakespeare in Love' and 'Elizabeth: The Virgin Queen'. For these purpose, each costume of main seven scenes was analyzed in terms of silhouette, detail, and trimming. Color image, brightness and chroma of costume were compared with the color chip data from Samsung Design Net. As results, costume from two films had exactness in historical research. but the original costumes were modernly changed by the purpose of director. Color image of costume were used proper colors for the characteristic of the story. Costumes of heroine was numerically changed at the degree qf the brightness and chroma through story-going. By this change, director could effectively give dramatic rhythm for the story. The limitation of this research was that color analysis had been conducted on the screen, and this fact might mean the original colors of film might be different from those of screen.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.119-123
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• 2011

The application of flexo printed ONP and OCC leads to brightness decrease of deinked stock in ONP recycling system. The largest problems are due to accumulation of flexo ink & introduction of brown fibers. All these are emphasized by variations in the amount of flexo printed ONP and OCC in recovered ONP stock. Most of the brightness problems caused by flexo ink can be helped and solved by applying a proper polyelectrolytes as coagulation agent and flocculation agent. This requires exact evaluation of sedimentation or dissolved air flotation potentials of flexo ink and polyelectrolytes. Effect of bleaching chemical (H2O2) addition level on the increase of brightness of OCC included stock has been investigated by lab scale test.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.174-187
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• 2014

This study intended to propose a guideline designed to secure safety by developing a functional color design for the color of the ordinary working clothes worn in the actual industrial settings of the machine industry in national industrial complexes in Korea. For this, a total of 6 sets of actual working clothes were produced for test, using 2-color arrangements with blue, of varying brightness and chroma for top and bottom, in relation to the visibility proven in preceding studies and evaluated in the machine industry. Blue was suggested the best proper color for machine industry by previous studies. For the material of working clothes, a total of 111 swatches were collected from the Dongdaemoon Fabric Market, and they were analyzed for color values. A total of 6 materials were used to produce working clothes for testing, which represented high brightness, medium brightness, low brightness, high chroma, medium chroma, and low chroma. Clothes were tried at the industrial settings for machine industry in a national industrial complex located in Gyeongsangnam-do and the expert satisfaction evaluation was performed based on items related with safety. As a result, higher satisfaction was shown when the brightness difference of top and bottom clothes was greater, and for chroma, relatively higher satisfaction appeared when the chroma of both top and bottom clothes was high. To secure satisfaction for both brightness and chroma, it is possible to deduce that the 2-color arrangement using the strong tone with high brightness and high chroma and the dark tone with somewhat low brightness and high chroma would be effective. Top and bottom clothes in the same color with high chroma had high visibility but had somewhat low evaluation for harmonious arrangements. This indicated that the arrangement of vivid colors for top-bottom clothes is inappropriate.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.8-16
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• 2001

To manufacture toilet tissue with ONP (old newspaper), the effect of fractionation fiber (R150, R100, R70 mesh) and bleaching(P, PY), blending (70/30) with MOW(mixed office wastepaper) or WL(white ledger) and the addition of softener on the optical and mechanical properties were studied. Considering the pulp yield, brightness and strengths, fibers of R100 mesh fraction were proper to be produced to toilet paper from ONP. This pulp showed the pulp yield of 76.8%, brightness of 50.2% ISO and tensile index of 21.1 Nm/g. By the bleach with P and PY stages, the brightness of the pulps increased up to 60.3% ISO and 61.8% ISO, respectively. When blended with MOW (57.3% ISO) or WL (76.2% ISO), the brightness of the former increased up to 58.5% ISO, the latter up to 63.6% ISO. The strengths of pulp blended with WL were higher than those of fractionated pulp from 100% ONP, however there was no difference in strengths between fractionated pulp and blended pulp wth MOW. While the addition of softener improved the softness of paper, but it decreased strengths of pulp and extended dispersing time in water.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.99-106
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• 2019

This study aims to recommend the proper Color rendering index (CRI), the Correlated Color Temperature (CCT), and illuminance levels of Light-Emitting Diode (LED) lighting based on the analysis of the criteria of the current CRI, the CCT, and illuminance levels in merchandising spaces with LED lighting conditions. It would be a basic material to apply in line with user preference for LED merchandising lighting. To this end, it examines relevant literature review on the experiments designed to test whether lighting characteristics affect brightness perception, color appearance, and pleasantness. Highly saturated colors appear brighter than low saturated colors. Two lighting applications - grocery and clothing shop - were created in elaborating the effect of LED lighting characteristics of CRI on color appearance and the CCT and illuminance on pleasantness. The findings show that the criteria of CIE Ra<80 are appropriate to provide better color appearance of illuminated products in terms of LED lighting that can enhance color saturation, particularly for the red color. Furthermore, 2700 K and less than 500 lux for grocery, 4000 K and more than 500 lux for clothing shop are found to be the proper the CCT and illuminance levels respectively to bring better preference under LED lighting.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.36.1-37
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• 2021

Six images of IRC+10216 taken by the Hubble Space Telescope at three epochs in 2001, 2011, and 2016 are compared in the rest frame of the central carbon star. An accurate astrometry has been achieved with the help of Gaia Data Release 2. The positions of the carbon star in the individual epochs are determined using its known proper motion, defining the rest frame of the star. In 2016, a local brightness peak with compact and red nature is detected at the stellar position. A comparison of the color maps between 2016 and 2011 epochs reveals that the reddest spot moved along with the star, suggesting a possibility of its being the dusty material surrounding the carbon star. Relatively red, ambient region is distributed in an Ω shape and well corresponds to the dusty disk previously suggested based on near-infrared polarization observations. In a larger scale, differential proper motion of multiple ring-like pattern in the rest frame of the star is used to derive the average expansion velocity of transverse wind components, resulting in ~12.5 km s-1 (d/123 pc), where d is the distance to IRC+10216. Three dimensional geometry is implied from its comparison with the line-of-sight wind velocity determined from half-widths of submillimeter emission line profiles of abundant molecules. Uneven temporal variations in brightness for different searchlight beams and anisotropic distribution of extended halo are revisited in the context of the stellar light illumination through a porous envelope with postulated longer-term variations for a period of 10 years.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.31.3-32
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• 2020

The surface brightness fluctuation (SBF) is one of the most crucial distance indicators for unresolved stellar systems at large distances. Here, we present an evolutionary population synthesis model of the surface brightness fluctuation (SBF) for normal and He-enriched simple stellar populations (SSPs). Our SBF model for the normal-He population agrees well with other existing models, but the He-rich populations bring about a substantial change in the SBF of SSPs. Our normal-He SBF model well reproduces the observed SBFs of the Milky Way globular clusters, but the SBFs of early-type galaxies in the Virgo Cluster are placed between the normal-He and He-rich SBF models. We show that the SBF-based distance estimation would be affected by up to a 10-20% level in I- and near-IR bands at given colors. Finally, we propose that when combined with independent metallicity and age indicators such as Mg2 and H��, the UV and optical SBFs can readily detect underlying He-rich populations in unresolved stellar systems. Given the degree of the SBF variation resulting from the population difference, we suggest that the distance measurement before the proper in-depth analysis of stellar populations should be done with great caution.